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P A T
1'.<ll ure·hnd is of Cuch advantage to hulb.ndry, th"
'OldOy prc:fer il even l O corn-J<\nd, becaufe of t~lC Jiu:d l
haz-Jrd and tabo'.!r that áttends il. and as ir b ys... lhe
found",on Cor moCl of ,he profi, ,h.. js .xpeéted fro01 ,he
a<lbl. I. nd, b,eauCe of ,he O1anure ,he ea"l. afi'ord whieh
are fed upon ir. Where dung.i9 nOI to'be bough t, as is
ofteo the cafe in place, diflant {rom large tQwns, the fa r–
mer is [oreed to proponían his arable to his paUure-land,
in fueh m;lnner, .(hat th~ cattle red on lhe lalter may be
fullioien, for a rupply of dung, Co neeeíf"y for produeing
lh: fruits of lhe former.
P ATAGON IA, ,he m~íl Cou,hen; part of Cou,h Ameri..,
e"tending from ,he mou,h of Rio di la Pla,a, in 36° of
S . lae ' o . Horn, in H O 30'.
PATAGONULA, or PATAGON'CA , in , a genus
oC ,he pootandri. monogyni. claC,. The eorolla is ro,
ta"d ; ana the aylusis di::botomous. There is bu, oae
fpecies, a natlve of America.
PATA N, the capital ofa proviaee in the Eaa Indies , fi–
t uated ,wa hundred miles norrh of Huegly ia Bengal : E.
long. 8<)°, N . lae '7° 30'.
P AT AVIN ITY. among erities, denotes a peeuliari,y of
Livy's diétion, derived from Pat&vium, or Padua, the
place of his oíltivity; but wherein tbis pata9inity con!ilh,
they are by no means agreed.
P..'\ T CHUCA,,or PAT1 0Q..UE, a eity of M"xieo, W.
long.· 103°, N . la!. 2,° ; fubjeét ,o' .
P ATE, in (orti lie"i~n, a kind of plat(orm, reCembling what
i, ealled'an horCe.fho• .
PATE'E, or P a TT E'E, ia heraldry, a eroCs, fmallin tbe
ceotre, and widening tO the extremes, which are very
br02d. See Pla,e CXXXIV. 6g. ' 3, which i. a erofs
patee, argeol, upon a field fable.
PATELLA, i,\ ana,omy. See ANATOMV, p. 18 5.
PAT ELLA, the LIMPET, is a genus ofiofeéls beJooging to
the order of verme! telhcea. lt is an animal of the fnai!
kiocl ; the lbdl confiCl, of one eonieal valve, wi,hou t any
fpiral. There are 36 Cpeeies, principaJly diflioguifl"d
by pecu liarities in their fhells .
PATENT, in general, dOllotes Comethin2 that Clands open
or expanded: thus a leaf i, Caid to be patent when it
{lands almoCl ~, ¡,ight angles wi,h the (!alk.
P ATENT, or LET'r¡': RSo'-PATENT. See LETTER.
PA'rER PAT RAT US, io Romao antiquity, the principal
perCon among the feeiales or eollege of heralds .
PAT[R NOSTER, the Lord's-prayer, fo ealled from the
tWQ firll worJs thereof in Latin .
PATH, in general, denotes ,he eourfe or 'raét marked out
or run "ver by a body in motion. For the path of ,he
moon, <be. fee ASTr.ONOMV, p. 4 6 5.
l ' ATHETJC, wha,ever rel.... lO the paGioos, or ,hat is
proper to excite or awake them .
l'ATHOGNOMONIC, among phyfieians, an appellation
for a fymptom . or coocourfe of fymptoms, that are ¡ofe–
parable from a dWcmper, and are fouud in teat only, and
in oo olher.
l'ATHOLOGY, thal part of medicine, whieh explains t~e
natoJre uf diCca(es. their cauCes and Cymptoms.
.P ATHOS, a Greck term, literally fignifying p.llinn, is
fomc.tlmcs ufed for the energy of a direourre, or its
power to mo\'e fhe p;¡ffions .
.r ¡\TMOS. ooe of the I" n of the iflanrls of the Arehipe–
Jago, fu bj etl 'o ,he Turks : E.long. 27°, .ndN. lat o3.70.
-p A T
P !': !"N.'\., a ei,y of ,he ,hither India, the eapit. l of ,he
territory o( lhe fame oame. in the provinee of Bengal:
E . long 85 °, "nd N. lae. 26°.
PATANCE. in heraldry, is a erof" fiory at the ends ;
[rom which it dlfrers only in this, [hat the eods, ¡nltead
of turni:lg óO\'/n like a Beur-de-lis, are extended fome–
wh;u in thr. panee-form. 8ee FLOR Y .
PATO'VM <\C, a grea, river ofVi rginia, whieh . riCes in
lhe Ap:!liu:h"an mountains, and after reparating Virginia
from Mar)'land (alls ioto the bay ofCheCepeak.
PATRAS, a ei,y and pOrt ' own o( Eu ropean Turky, in
th. 'provinee uf the Morea: E . long. 21° 30', and N.
lato 380 20~. .
PATRE~ CONSC IlIPTI. See CONSRIPT and SEl<lATOR,
Pi\TR IÁRCHS, among Chriflians, are eeder..Hie.1 digo
nitaries, or bifhops, fa called (rom their paternal autho–
rity io the · chureh. The power of patriarehs was noc
the Carne in all, but dilfered aeeording to Ihe different
cuHoms of couDtries. or the pleafures of kings and eouo. ·
eils : ,hus ,he patriareh of ConClantinople ¡r<!"w tO b. a
patri¡¡rch over the pat,iarch$ of Ep~crus and CreC:ll'ca.
and \Vas calJed the cecumenical and univer{al patriarch ;
and the patriarch of A lexandria had (ome prerogati,es.
whieh no o,h« patriarch beGdes himCelf eajoyed, Cuch as
the right of eonreera'¡ng and approving ev~ry fingle bi–
fhop under his j urirdiétioo.
PATR IARCHAL CROSS, in her;ddry, i. that wh"e the
lhar! is (wice crolfcd; [he Jowcr arms being Jonger than
,he "pper ones. Pla,e CXXXIV fil:. 14. is a pa,rrar·
eh. 1 eroCs, gule" on a 6eld argene.
PATRICL'\.N, · ,amoog ,he aneien, Romans, a title giveo
to the dercendant-s or the hundred, or, according ro o–
thers, of .he two hu ndred 6r11 Cenators choCen by Romu–
lus. and by llim called Patres, Fa/huJ.
P AT1UMONY, a rigb, or eClate inherited by a perCo.
from his ancetlors.
PATRINGTON, a market.town ofYorkfhire, fitua'edat
th e mourh of the Humber, ¡¡fty miles eaH ofYork.
PATRr'I>ASSIANS, iD ehureh.hiClory, a Ch rifl ian'reél,
whieh app.ared about the lalter end of the lld eeotury;
fo called fro m their are'ribing ,he pallion tO ,he Fa,her:
for they afTertcd ,he uni ,y of God in Cuch a manoeras tO
dcaroy all diUintlion of perrons, and lO make the F"her
and Son preei(dy ,he fame; in whieh they were follOlVed
by the Sabe'llians, and o,hers. . The .u,hor and head.f
the p.tripaflians was Praxeas, a philofopher of Pñrygia
in Afia.
PATROL, in war, a round or mareh made by the ,
or watch, io the njght~timc, tO obferve what paffes in
areelS, and to fecure the peaee and tranquilli'y ,of a eny
Or campo
PATRON, among ,he Romans, was an appellation given
to a maller ",ho h. d freed his ll. ve. As foon as ,he re–
I..ion of maner expired, th.t of patron -began : for the
Romans, iD giving the naves their freedoOl, did Dot de–
fpoil ,hemrelves of all righ, and privileges in ,hem; '.he
laIV a;lI Cubjeéted ,heot to eonfiderable Cervices andduue'
towards thci r pitrons, the negleél of which was ver y fe·
wrely punifl-hJ.
PATRON . in the church of Rome, a Calnr, whofe name a
perron bears, or unoer whoCe proteélion he is PU~I a~d
wbom he takes panicul:u care to in'Poke i or 1I falOt, -Jn
whore Dlome o ehureh or order is fouodcd.