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P E E
1t I! rcconlmenJcrl in fiHulas ~ncl (\fher (inous ulccrs.
P EDICULUS, COUSE , in 7.00101:)', • r<nll' 01 in«l1, U<–
Il)n~¡ng 10 theorclcrof ;¡pICr;¡. It has fix ft-el, I \\'oeycs.
:md a rort of UIOg in Ihe m"lu,h : lhe r~dt'rs aTe "'5 long
as lhe tI,orax ; "od [he: helly 15 clcpn:Wf'J, tlml lublnbatcd.
T 'here ue 40 fpccie.!l. d('nomlOal~d (ram Ihe ddtt:n:m
crcatul''es they inh..tbi.t. rrhe bdt antidote agalnít (his
kind uf v~rmin. is cleanllntfs .
PEDILUVlUM, a b4! hing of ,he feet. T his b.. h m.y
be prepared of [he (ame ingredi( 01S wilh (ltber baths. 1t
may C: ¡lh!!r confil1 of ligh t pure w.tter alane ; or. to cor–
r('ét (he qualitic:s of and hard w:uer. a lixivium or
bran of wheat or chamom;le'Bowers may be added.
PEDIMEN r, iD . rch,teau«. So< ARCH 'T ECTURE,
p. H6.
P ED IR, a 'own in ,he of Sum."., in ,hlo E¿a·ln–
dies. fituated in E. long 94° lat. Sp.
PEDUNC L E. anlong bo,ani,ls. Se. PED'CLE .
PEDU NCULI CEREBELL', in .oa,omy. S~e ASATOMY,
p. • 87·
PEEBLES. a to\Vo of Scod,nd, c.pital of the O,ire of
Tw~edale, litlló/ted 00 the river Twced, tweoty-two miles
(ou,h of Edinburgh.
PEEK, io the fea.laogu::tgc, is a word ufed io various reores.
Thus the aochQr is raid tObe a-pec k, whel\ Ihe fhip be–
ing about to wcigh comes ov~r her anchor in fuch a mao.
ner that th!! cable hangs perpeodicolady bet.wixt the h"ufe
and ,he ancho~. T o heave • peek is tO bring ,he peek
fo •• ,h.. the .nchor may h.~g .-pe<k.
PEER, in geoeral, fignifies .n equ.I, or one 'of ,he fame
rank and,llation.
Tbe term peer is nowapplied tO thofe who are impan–
DeJled in ::en inqueít uroo a perron for conviéling or acquit–
ling him of any cffence Jaicl 10 his charge; and Ihe reafon
why rhe jury " fo caHed, i., becau(e by the common
Jaw, tlnd the cu(tom "E this kingdom, perfoa is to
be oried by his peers or e'luals, a lord by ,he lords , 2nd
a Commoner by commoners.
PE t R o( Ih~ u all'I , a noble lord who has a feat :ilnd vote in
the houfe of lord., ",hich is .1(0 c.lled ,he hou!, of
p.e". Thefe lords aro c.J1ed peors, bec.u(e, ,hough
there is :iI di Uinéllon uf dcgrces in OUToobililY, yet in
public aétions chey are equal, ¡l5 in their votes in parl ia_
ment, and in trying any nobleman or other perron im·
peached by the commons, 6c. See PARLJAMENT.
P"RS oí FranC/!, ,be ,welve great lords of,h., kingdom,
of which IÍx fUe dukt!, and fix eounts ; ano of (ix
are eecl~{ja(lics. and fix bym!!o : thus, the iUchbdht>p
of Rhe;ms, .,d ,he hifhop of .nd L angres are nukes
.nd peors : .nd ,he bifh ops of Chalon on ,he M. ro, Noy–
on!, and Be;:¡u"ais, art.' eounts :md peers. " ht. dukes of
BurguDdy, Normandy, anO Aquitain, are lay peeT5 ílnd
dukes: and ,he coun:s of FI. oders. Champ.;!:n.•nd
T olou(e, I.y peers a.d counlS. The(e peers.(1011 .!!ifl at
the coronarion of kings, eithe r jn perroo or by their re·
prcrent,Hives, where eaeh performs the (unéticos au ~ched
to his rcfpe8ive ¿ibnity : but as th e fix Jay peuagcs are
all al prerent unitC'd tO the crown exeept Ih;\( of lhe coun t
of FI ¿nders . fix lord, of ,he fir 'l ' y are chofe n 'o
Tepre(am them i bu, ,he ecclefiallic.1 p,·er. ufu.lly.!!ia
in perron. Al preCent the tide of pcer is bdlowed on e–
Hry lord wbof. e!la,e is ereéledin,o, peor.c., the OUnl-
P E 1.
be r of whkh is une( rtain, 2nd it Gl'P:::':-'os ('mireJ) 00 the
k.ntt .
Pl:.. l:.. JiESS , a woman who is noble ~'y defeeot, crcation,or
mudage_
If a pcerefs, by dereent or creation, marrtes a rerfoo
underthe degree of nobility. lhe Udl contlnul'snoble j bUI
ir {he ob:ains that dignity only by marriage, fhe h,fes i[
on her afteT\van!s marrylng 4i orlln,oner; yel, by lhc
cortefy of EnglanJ, ·ell!! alwil ys rttains th: title of hec
nobil.. y.
PEEVIT, in o.nilhology. S<c LARu ,.
PEGANUM, in botany, a gen". of ,he do(Jcc.ndri. mono_
gyni. cI.(s. The coroll. confins of fin and ,he
c.tlix of five lea ves ; the capfule has three ceJls, and three
valve9, conuining many feeds, Thert; are t\Vo fpecies,
none oE them oatives of Briuin .
PEGASUS, in aflronomy . Seo ASTRONOMY, p. 487.
PEGU , ,he c'p". 1 of ,he kingdom of Peg", and fi,ua,ed
upon aonvc,r of l he [ame name, in 970 E. long. and N.
1. 1. '7 30 . .
PEKIN, ,he me"opo!is'of ,be empire of Chioa, is fitua,ed
in E . loog. l'IQ, and N . 1 ... 40~.
lt is abollt twenty miles in circumference, and is raid to–
conla¡n 2 ,000,000 of people.
P E L i\G IANS, a Chrillian fell who appeared .boul the
Ja.lter end of {he founh, or {he beginolDg of the 6fln.
ccntury.
Pel~gius, the author of lhis feét, was horn io ':Vales,
and his name was Margan, which in the WeHh Jaoguage
figniflcs fea -born j Crom whence he had his Liuio name
Pelagiü'!. Sorne of our ancient hinorians prelend Ihat"
he w.s abbo, of Dangor : bU! ,his i. impo!!ible, becaufe
the Britilh monaHeric:s were of a }¡ucr date. SI Auflia
gives him the ch:ual1er of a very pious m.o, aod a Chri.
HielO of no vulgar rank : according 10 lhe fame fatbeT.
he ...avelled IO 'R ome, \Vhere be alroci.ted himfelf wi'h
perfons oflhe greatefi: learning and tigure, and wrote his
commentaries on St Pau l's EpiHles, and his lellers 10
Mdania and Demetrias j bu ~ beillg charged wilh he
left Rome, \Vent ioto Africa , from thence 10 Jeru.
f. lem, .where he rwled. He died (omewhere in the eaU ¡ .
bUI where, is uncertain. He was eharged wit.h maiolain ...
iog ,he following dollrines: t . Th>t Ad.m \Vas by n.–
tUTe mortal, and, whelher he had (joned or not, would
certainly have died . 2. Tllílt the confequences 'of A–
dam's (in wcrt confined to !lis own perfon. 3. 1"'hat new.
born inf.mts are In lhe rame coodition with Ad ..m before
the fall. 4. That ,he lalV qualofied men for ,he king–
dom of heavt:n, and was fonnded uron equal promiles
with ,he gorpd . 5. That ,he tener.1 re(urreélion of ,he
dead does not follo\'l in "irtue of our Saviour's rerurrec.
tioll . 6 . That the grace of. Cod is gi\'en according to
our merí", , . That this grace is not gr;¡ nted. for the
performance of every mora.1aA 1 the liberty of the will,
and information in points of dllty heing fu fficient, &c.
PELlCANUS, in orni thology, • geous uclcnging 'o ,he
o.rder of anfcre9 , The bill is llrait, without teeth. and
crookco at the poine; the (ace is naked; and the (eel
are palmated. There are eight fpecies. -priDcipaliy diC.
,in~ul01Cl¡ by ,he uf ,heir ..ils. -
P E LICAN, in orni,hology. Se< PEL'CANU' .
PEL'CAN, in chemi(by. See CHEMISTRY, p. 109 .
PE LLETS;.