535 / 868
P E
n
PF.RCOf. ATI O~+.
Sc, FILT RATIOK .
1:'ERCUSSION, in me :h.nies, ,he im prellioo a body makes
io falllog or
ni
iking
upon anolht:r, or (he O\ock
of
lWO
bo~iC'$
in morian.
P ERDIX S<e T ET RA O.
PER ENN IAL, in botany, is app'lied 'o ,hofe phnts whofe
rOOlS
will
¡¡blde many yc!ars, whether
they
retain their
Jt aves in wioler or nOI :
thofe whlch
retaio
[heir
leave!
are <1allt:d evergree",;
bUI
fu ch as caH
lheir
I~ave!)
are
e.alled dcciduous, or p¿rdi fols.
llERFORANS MANU', io aoatomy . See ANATOMY, p.
2 0 1.
PE R FO IllAN S , li DIS,
inttnatorny. See
AWATOMY,
p . 211.
llERfORATUS MAMUS, iD ana,omy. See ANATOMY,
p.
201.
PERFOR .J.T US 'IiOI'S. iD anat0ipY.
See
ANATOMY,
p.
211-
P E RFUME , an agreeable odour, a!Feéling ,bc orgao of
fmellmg. Tbe generali,y of perfumes are made up of
mufk. aml.>crgreale, civet, rofe and cedar.woods,
orange~
fl owers. jafmin, jonqui ls, tuberares, amI other odonfer·
OU$ fJowel s.
Thofe drugs
comm
Joly called
aromatics,
fuch
as
Horax,
frankiocenft:, beozoin, c1oves . mace,
oc.
en·
ter che
compo~tion
or
a
perfume: fome are alfo compo·
fed of aromatie herbs or Icaves, as Javcnder, marjoram,
Cage, ,hyme, hylfop,
élc.
Perfumes were anciently very much io ure : but fince
people are become CenGble of ,he harm they do 'o ,he.
head, ,hey;>re generally difured among us ; however, ,hey
are Itill common in Spain and 1I>ly.
.
BERGi\., a port-,own o( European TUl key, in the province
o( Albina, oppofl,e tO ,he iOand of Corfu, iD E. long .
21°, N .
la' .
39°
10'.
P.ERGAMUS, an ancienl city of ,he lelfer AGa, in ,he
provi nce of Phrygia, úllJated nonh of Symro....
PERIAG0GE, in rhe,oric, is ufed where many 'hingsare
accumulated ioto
one
period which might have beeo divi·
ded into fevera!.
l'ER IANTHIUM, io botany. See BOTANY, p.
637.
}'ERICARDIUM, io an.romy. See ANATOMY, p. 279..
l' ERI CARPIUM, among botaDiOs. See BOTANY, p.
637 .
PERICHORUS, in an,iqui,y, a namegi, en by ,he Gréeks
10
iheir profane games and combats, that ¡s,
10
(uch as
were not' confecraled
10
any of che gods.
P-ERICR(\NIUM, 'in anllomy. See ANATOMY , p
288.
PERIGEE, in afironomy, that poi nt of ,he fun's o. mooo',
orbit wherein they are
at
their lean diO:ance from ' the
eanh,
in which fenfe it fland. oppofed
10
apogee.
P E RIGRAPHE, a word ufu.lly underfiood 'o exprefs a
c;¡relefs or inaccurate dc:lineatioo of any \hing; buc io
V efaliu, it
is
ufed 10 exprefs the white lines or impreffi.
ons rhat
~pp~iU
in Ihe mu fculus reétus of the ;\bdomeñ.
PER IGUEUX, a ei,y of FraDee, iD Ihe proviDceof. Gui–
enne, capital of the territory of Perigord , útuated on
the
river L iOe: in E. long.
2S',
N, lato
45° 15'.
PEIUHE LIUM, in aOronomy, ,ha, poin, of a plane,'s .or
comet's orbit, wherein it is io its
leaadin~nce
from
th e
fun ; in which feofe
il
Ihnds
in
oppo!ition
ro
aphelium.
P E RIMETER ,· iD gcom<try, ,h.
~Dnd.
or Jimi.s of
any.fi–
gUlc or
b~t!y.
P ERI NIEUM, o.r PERlN EUM) in an.,omy, ,he fpace be–
''''~.n
,h, anus aDd ,he parto'o( geDeration, divided inlo
P
E'
n
t wo equal Ja,erol divir.ons, by a very difi inél line, wnid.
is longer in
mal~s.tban
in females.
PERIOD, in aOroDomy, Ihe ,ime taken up by a fiar or pI&–
nel in
m.king a rtvotutioQ rouDd the run; or che durarioQ
ofi u courfe til! it retUr. to. the fame poiot
oE
its orbí"
See
ASTR-GNOMY.
PI::
R I 00, iD
grammar, denotes
a
rmall compars of difcoarre,
contilining a perCeét [entence, and diflingu:(]led at the end
by a poinl, or fulJ Hop, thus (.) ; .nd in membe.. or
divifions marked by COOlmas-, colons,
6,.
PERIQDI C, or PERIODICAL, fome,hing th.qerminate.
and comprehends a
perio~;
fuch is
a
periodic mooth; he ..
ing ,he fpace o( ,ime wherein ,he O1oon
dirpa,eh~s
h..
period o
PERIOECI, in geograpy, fueh inhabi'aolS of ,he eanh,
as have the fame latitudes, but oppofite longitudes ;- or
Jive under the fOlme paralJ,el, and the fame meridiao,
bl.l1
in.diffaeht femicircJes
of
rhat rneridiao, or
io
oppoGce
p oims of ,be .parollel.
PERIOPHTHALMlUM, iD Da,ural blfiory. See N.c–
TIT A TI NG "'E¡!;lBRANE.
P ERIOSl'EUlI1, in ana,omy. See.ANATOMY. p.
'4)'
PERIPATETIC
PH
ILO sOP
H
Y, ,h.. fytlem laughl .nd
e;
1I.blifhed by AriHotle, and main,.ined by bIS tollo",.rs
,he peripateti", e.llcd alfo AriHo,eIians_
PERIPETI A, in ,he dram., that par! of
a
trag<dy
wh~rei.
\he aétion
ís
turned, the plot uoravcJled,
and
lbe whole
concludcs.
PERIPl:I E R Y, in geo,!,erry, 'he circum(ereoce o( a eirele,
elltp(es.
o~
aoy otht:r regular cllrvilinear 6gure.
P ERIPLOCA, in botany, a geuu, of ,he peDtandria digy.
nia claf!. The neélarium ..Ólrrollnds ¡he infide o( rhe
/lower, and iDelude. ,he Glaments aDd flyli. Tbere are
_ four fpecies, none of them natives of Britain.
PERIPNEUMONY, in medicine. Seo M EDICINE, p.
91.
PERISClI, in geograpby, ,he inhabitanlS of eilher (rigid
zone, bet\lleen the polar cirel el
aod
the
poles ;
\IIhefe
the flln, when in the fummer-figns. moves only rouod
a·
bout them, witho\:Jt fetting. anq coofequently their
Ib¡·
dows,
in
che fameday, turo ro all thepoi otsoíthe110rizon.
PERlSTALTIC, a vermicular fpontaneous mo,ion of lbe'
¡n¡eUines, performed by the cootraélion of the circuJar
and longi,udinal fibres, of which lbe Ilefhy coan of ihe
intcrlines is compofed; by means whereof (he chyle is
driven into lhe orifices of the
laéte~1
veins" and cbe fzcc1..
are pro" ruded [owaros the anus.
PERISTAPHYLINUS, iD 'D.,om)". See ANATOMY,
p. 3
0
3.
PERISTYLE, in aDcie.,.architeélure, ,. huilding .DCom–
palfed \Vilh a row of colUClns
on
,he infide.
PERISYSTOLE, ,he interval of ren be,ween ,he
'IIID
motions of the heart.
viz.
that of [he fyUoJe orocon:
tradion, and lhat of the dia nale o( dildlion.
PERITONlEUM, in ana,om)', S.e ANATOMY., p.
2".
l'ERITROCHIUM, iD mechaDics, denotes
a
wbeel, ,or
circle, concentric with the bare of
a
cyHnder. and mol'c"
able to;:elher with,it about'a('l axis. See
~1lCHANICS~
P ERJURY, in law, ,he crime o( fwe'ling fal feIy, where
a lawful oa(1
1
is adminiHered by one in authority. in
a
matter relating to the ¡(fue or caufe in queOion, whether
it be a porron's own ,wilful.aét, or done by the rubor·
nation of othc(s.
A' Ibe COJllmoo law, perjury, IDcllhc [.boroitioD of
it,