1000000031

E N

l' E

:PELLETS, in heraldry, ,bofe rounelles ,h., are block, eal–

Icd alfo ogrdr<s and gunflones, and by ,he Freneh 'orteaUl<

de (.ble.

PELLI CLE, . ",ong phyGeian"

Oc.

deno,es a ,hin film,

ar fr:\¡tment of a membranc.

PELVIS. in ,n>lomy. See ANATOMY , p.

173 .

PEMI3ROKE, ,he

e.pi

,.1o(Pembrokcfhire, in fou,b Wales:

W . long.

5° , N .

1...

51 °

~S' .

This ' OIVD fends ' IVO

mcmbers

parJiamen

t .

PENAL

a{liOll .

in Seo" l..... See L AW, T i..

xxx.

'7 .

PEN.'\.NCE , a puoilhmen" ei,h" volun'ary, or impofcd by

i1uthority. for Ihe t:"ult, a pt!rfon hits

commiued.

Pe~

n~nce

is one of the feven

facramenli

of lhe RomiOl church.

Befides fíl.lling. alms, abllioencc, and the Jike, which are

th e, general

coodilioos

p(!QlnCe;

there are oth:: rs of a

more particular kind, as (he repeating a certain numher

of avc-mary!', pater.noClers, and credos. wearing a hair ..

(hin,

and g!ving .one's

Celr"

cenain nUl11ber of

Hnpcs Ir)

l ,aly and Spain i, is ufua l 'o fee Ch rillian, almo(l n. ked,

101ded IVi,h chaios and a erofs/ and lalhing <

hemfel.es

e.ery flep.

PEN~'E

\ ,

in botany,· a plant of the

tet:randria mono.g,ynia

clars. 7fhe ca li=< coofifis of two Jeaves

ihe caralla

be/! Ihap. d; ,he lIylus is quadrangular ; and ,he eap(ule

is triangular. with fou r cells contaioing eight feed,.

T here are lhree fpecies,

none

then~

natives of Britain.

:PENATES , in Ron"n antiqui,y, a kind of ,u'elar dei

'es,

e¡ lher of counlrit's or particular houfes;

which

Jat~

(en';', lhe)' difFered in nothiog fron> ,he lares .

Se.

LA RE 5.

P ENCIL, an innruOlen' ufed by

p.in

«rs for Jaying on

their colou 's. Pencils are of various kinds, and made

V,Hious

materials

;

the larger fans are made

boars

briflles, the thick eods

which are bound to

a llick,

higger or

leC,

3ccording 'o ,he ufes ,hey .re der.goed for :

thefe,

when

I:\rge, are 'caJled brufhes. T he

finer

fores

of pencils are made of camels, bad 6 ers, 3n fquirrels.

h:¡i r, and of the down of fwan,; theCe are tied al the

upper enci with

piece of firong thread, 2nd inclofed

,he barrel of a quill.

l'END .~NT,

on oroameo' h.nging a' ,he ear, frequently

coo(jfiiog of diamanci5, pe.arls. aod mher precious (lone"

~I ND·ASTS.

io heraldry. parts haogiogdowo froOl the J",hd,

Ihe number of three, four, hve. or

fix

at moO, rerem·

bling ,Ife drops io ,he Dorie frieze . Vrhen ,hey are more

,h. n ,hree, , hey mufl be fpecified io blazooing.

P EHOANTS

of a fhip, are Ihofe (lreamers or

long

colours

which are fplit and divided

ioto

two pares endiog io points.

alld hung at lhe head of mafh, or at the yard_arm ends.

l'ENDULOUS, a lerm applied 'o any 'bing .ha, bends

hao~s

downwards,

P ENDULUM, in mech.nie., deno'es any. heavy body, fo

fufpended as that ir may vibrate or fwing, backwards and

forwards, ahout rome fixed poiot, by the force of gravity.

See M

F.C

!'O'

es.

P ENETRA LE, in Ro""o .n,iqui,y, properly neno••d

the ch apel conrecrated

lhe penates, or houfhold.gods.

P ENGUIN

IH.-D

and BV,

are

r.tulted on Ihe eo,(1 of

Pa'.Jtonia in SOIl,h Ameriea: W . loog.

70°,

S. la,

47·.

PES CUIN .

in ornithology. See

ALeA .

J'E

fICHE, • por,-,olVn of PortllgAI, in ,he province of

F.ltr~m;lIJura.

firuated on lhe OccJ n fOrly miles nonh

J)f ,Lilboo; W . long.

9°

6', N. fa,.

39°

20'.

P ENICILLUS,

.0100g

rurgeoo., i. uf<d for • tenl lo be

pUl iolO wúunds or uleen .

PENINSUL A, in g:ography, a portion or extent o( land,

Jl'unlng

th~

CQOllnt:nt

narrow neek or

¡nhmus.

.h e reH bei1.g

~ocompatred

wilh

water.

PEN IS, in .n'loOly. See ANATOMV, p.

270.

PENISCOLA, • port·,owo o( $

p.in,

in ,he province of

VaJtncia , fituattd

0 0

the Mediterraneao, under the. me–

ridi.n of"Londoo, ó\nd

Jat.

40029'.

PENNY,

an aneient filver.coin, whieh, though now Jiule

ufed! was rhe (JOlyollecu rrent amoog our Saxon ancenon.

P I:>NN Y. EARTH,

io agriculture, denoles a hard , loamy, ot

{andy ean IJ,

Wilh a

Jarge prOpOrtiOD

fea·llielJs.intcr–

mixt:d with it.

ENNY.WE

I GHT,

a troy-weight, eontatnin, twenty-four

grdlOs, eaeh of which

equal in weight to a grai o of

whe:tt, g.uhered out al' the mlddJe:

rhe

ear, and well

dried~

PENRISE. • port" own of W,les, in ,he eouoty

GI••

morgitn, fitua ttd on Brdlol channel, feventeen miles foudi

of Cacrmarlheo.

P ENR YN, a borough " olVn o( Cornwal, near. b.y of ,he

Engldh ehanncl : W . loog.

5° 35',

N . lal.

50°

20'. .

fends two Dlembcrs tO parJiament.

PENSANCE, • marke,-lOwo of Corow.I, eighl miles e.1l

of rile Land '. eed.

P ENSILVAN

lA,

ooe of ,he Englilll planta,ions io Ame–

rica,

two ..

huodred miles in lenglh, and llmon

muen

in breaJlh : G,uo,ed be,ween

and

¡sn

o( wefl longi_

tucie, aod between

and

42°

nonh Jatitude: a fioe

(ruilfuJ cOUOtry. bounded by the five nalioos o( the

I–

roquois on ,h.. north, by NeIV.J erfey and NeIV_York on

,he

"fI,

and by M.ryland on ,he fou,h aod \Vefl. "i.

proprietary govanment, the: heirs of Mr. PeOR, a qua–

ker, who CeuJed lhi, couorty. appointing the governar.

PENSION, • film o( money paid .nnu.I/y for

fervicn.or

eonGderations ,I reddy pdll. T ite ye.rly p'ymen, of eaeh

memb~r

tOthe houfes of the ioos of coures, are Jikewife

,ermed penGons; , od ,he yearly .(fembly of ,he membeTS

of ,he (oeie,y o( Gr.y's Ino, 'o confuh 00 ,he .fFairs of

,he hou(e, is . Ifo eal/ed.

penr.on

PENSIONER, io general, d<oo,es

perfon who reeei, ..

a penlion, ye:arly f,d,uy, _or allo'.vaQce. Hence:,

The b,ocl o( gendemao.penJioners, , he oobléfl fOrl of

guard

lhe kiog's perCon. coolÍas

forty gentJe:men.

who receive a yedrJv peolioo of one hundled pouods.

T his honour.ble band IVaI firll influu,ed by king Hen–

ry V([l. .•nd ,heir ollíee is 'o alteod lhe king's perfon,

wlth (heir batde:_:\xcs, lOand (roln hls dupel. royaJ, and

receivc him in lhe prefcoce chamber, or coming out of

his

pnvy~lodgings;

they are alfo told

alttnd at al! great

folemnities, as eoronallOOS, St oCeorlc's feail. public au–

diences of ambalÍadors, at lhc rovercígn's going tO par·

Jjament.

al:.

They .re

e.eh

obliged to keep ,hreL double horfe••nd

• fe".n, . and fo are properly.

trOOP

o( h",fe. Tite,

wait half

:\t :\

lime, quanerly ; but on ChriHmas.day,

E.fln.clAY, W lti,(ood.y,

O,.

and on

extr.ordinary oce.·

fiaos. Ihev

:\rt'

;¡II ol>liged tO give lhdr aueodance.

PE.HTACROSTIC, in poetry, •

r«

of <erfes fo difpor:d

as that .jh:rc are alw.lys live acromcs of lhej(¿me name,

live

dinfinni

~"rh

yerfe.

PENT

¡\

" DROSTYLA, ia natu,,1 billory, ,he aame of

" g.nus uf fpars. S.c

S'AR.

lh.