1000000031

PAR

( '160

P A S

.n .4I"¿mblane of which conllitute aJl natural bodies.

is lhe

Y~rious

arrangerrtent

and

tcxture of

(heCe

par–

tieles,

with

the diffaence of cohefion,

élc.

that

conflj·

t ute the various kinds of bodies. The fm. JleCl partidos

cohere Vfilb the firongen altraaion, and compofe

bi~~er

particJes of wcaker cahdioo; and many of (hefe cohenng

compo[e bigge r particle., whofe .igour i. Ilill weaker ;

OIind hereupon lbe operadons in cheminry, and tht: coJeurs

of natural bodies

depend.. and which,

coherjng, com–

pofe bodies of fenfible bulk. The cohefion of the particle.

matee..., the Epicureans imagined, was effeéled

means

of hooked atoms; ¡he

Arilloteli.ns,

by rell; but Sir Ifaac

Newton (hews,

thal

ir is dooe

means

cenain

pow–

cr, whcreby the partides

mutually

auraa

and tcod

tO–

wards eaeh alher.

this attraétiooof the partieles, he

Ihew., th.. moll of the phamomen. of the lelfer bo·

dies are aíletled, as thofe of the heavenly bodies are, by

the atlraétion of gravilY.

PARTICL E,

in grammar, a denominadon for all thofe–

fmall

words that tie or untie others together, or that el(·

preCs the modes or mann!!rs ofwords. SeeGRAMMAR .

P -,\RTNER, and PARTMERSHI •. See ARITHMETtC,

386 . .

PARTRIDGE, itlornithology. Seo T ETRAO.

PARTURITION. See DELtVERV.

PARULIDES, in furgery, tumours and inflam:nation. 01

.he guros, eommooly caJled gum-boil•.

TQcy

are

be treated wi th dL[cutieots, like otRer in·

flammatory tumours.

PARUS, in ornithology. See C;ERTHtA.

PASCHAL, Comething belongiog tO the palfover or eaCler.

See

P .\SSOVER,

and EASTER..

PAISLEY, a town of Scotland, in the eounty of R enfrew,

fix miles well of Glafgow.

PAS~IN ,

• mutilated tlatue at !tome, in a corner of the

palace of thé

rfinl: it takes its name from

cabler of

that city caJled P . fquin, famou. for his Ineers and gibes,

aod who diverted hirnfdf with palling his jokes 00 aJl the

p:ople who went throu;:h that nreet. After his death,

a. they were diggiog up the pavement before his fhop,

they found

lhe eanh the (tatue of

ancienl gladiator,

well cut, but maimed, and halffpoiled: thi. they fet up

io the place where it

was

found,

2.nd

by commoe conCent

named it PaC(p,in. Sioce that time, all Catires are auri.

bUled tO tbat figure; and are eilLer pUl imo

irs

múulh, or

pafled upon i" a. if tlley were \vrote by Parquin redivi–

vo.; and thefe are addrelfed by p.fquin to M.rforio, a.

nOlher Clame ar Rome. Whco

~Iarforio

{s attacked,

Parquin comes (O his al1i(hnce; and wheo PaCquio is al.

tacked, Marforie ¡IJiHs him in his turn o

PASQ.YINADE, • f"irical libcJ falleoed to the Ilatue of

p aCquin : there are commonly {hon, merry, aDd pointed;

and f,om hence the t<rm has becn ' r?lied to all nther

lampoons of the fame call.

PASSADE, in the menage, is a turn or courfe of a horfe

backwards

forwards, on

the

(ame CPOt of ground.

.BirdJ o/

PAssAce,

name given to thore birds u'hich at

certain

Clated

Ct:il.Cons of

lhe year

remove from certaio

countries, and

other

fialed

times

return to lhem

¡_

gcio, as our quaíls, woodcocks, flo rks, nightingalcs

fw . llows, anrl mJny other fpecies.

Amon~

the bird. nf

palfJgo, the ". IMare, the redlVing, the IVnodcock , and

Ihe fr.ipe, come tO us iD the .utumo,

the time when the

fummer-birds are leaving us, and go frorn us agaín

fpriog,

lhe

time

when

thefe ret urn;

and

ti,tfe

the:

t \Vo

lan

often cominue with

through the Cummcr

and

breed; fo that the two "rll feem the only kinds that cer_

ta¡nly

leave us

al lhe approach' of fpring, retiriog to the

northern parts of lhe continent, where they live during

lhe fummer, and

breed; and at rhe

returo

of. \ViOler,

are driven foutherly (rom thoCe frigid climes, in (earch

of food, which there Ihe ice and foow mufl depriye

them of.

PASSANT, in heraldry, a term .pplied to a lion, or otiler

animal, in a Ihield,

.ppe~ring

lValk I.ifu rely: for moll

bealls, except lioos,

t~.e

term trippant is frequ ently ured

inllead of palfao!.

PASS.'\O, or CAPE PASSAO, a promontory of P eru, jull

under the equatOr : W. loog.

81 °.

P ASSAU, the capital of Ihe bilhopric of the fame name,

in the

circle

Bavaria, fimated

the confluence of tbe

rivers D aoube, Ino, and 1115 : E. long.

13" 30',

N. lat,

4 8Q 30'.

PASS' RES is the oame of a clafs of birds. See NATVkAL

HrSTORY .

PASSERINA, in botaDY, a genu. ofthe

o,~hndria

mono–

gynia clafs.

has no c.lix; the corolla confills of four

fegme~ts,

and the Ilamina lie upoo the tube. There are

cigh t fpecies, none of them oativcs of Britaio.

P ASSlfLORA, in

bot.ny,

a genus of the gynandri. peDo

t.gynia clafs.

has three Ilyli; the calix confill, of

6ve le..es, and the corolla of 6ve petals; anJ the neaa–

rium is a corona; and the berry is fupported

a pedi.

cle. There are

fpecies, none of them Datives of Bri·

taio, bUl are cultivated

gardc:ns for lhe beauly

thcir

flowers .

P.ASSIONS, in moral philofophy, are ceruin motions 01

the foul, which

m.ke

it 'purfue what appears to be good,

and avoid wharever threatens evil.

By relletling, fays Mr Locke, on the variou. modifi.

catiens or tempers af the miud. aod the iaternal Ccnfa..

tions which pleafure

and

pain, goad aod c:vil, produce in

-us, we may theace forrn to ourfelves the ideas of our

pallions . Th.s, by refletling upon the thought \Ve have

of the delight which any thing i. 'pt to produce in us,

form

idea which we call lave. D elire is that

UD~

eafinefs which aman 6nds in himfelf upon the abfence of

any thing, the

pref.nt

enjoyment of which cauf.. delight.

J oy is a delight of the mind, arifing from the prefent,

alfured approaching, polfellion of fome good. Sorrow

an uneafinefs of the mind, upon the tbought of a good

1011, or the fen'fe of.a

pref.nt

evil.

H ope is a pleafure

in the mind, upon the thought of • probable future en–

joyment of a thing whieb is apt to delight. Fear is a."

uoeafinefs of the mind, upon the thought of a future eVII

Jikely to bef.1 us . Anger is a difcompofu re of ,he mind,

upon (he recc:ipr of injury, wit h a preCent purpore of re·

venge. Defpair is the thought of the unattainablenefs of

any good. Envy is .n uneafinefs of mind, caufed by the

conCideratioo of a good

defire, obtaieed by one

think Ihould not have had it befo re us .

On the jull regulation .nd Cubordination of the pallions,

depend., in a great meafure, the happinefs of mJDk,nd.

See M o

lA L

LO S

PH Y.

PA SSIONS .

in medicine, make one

andoproduce very fcnuble

eff~tls ,

of lhe non·naturals,

J oy, anger, and fcar,

¡re