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P A H. 45 6 ) P A R
I'ARAPLEGIA, ~ fpeei.. of palfy. See MEDICINE.
p. 97
PAR ..\ SE LE.l\JE , in phyfiology, a moek moon, a meteor,
ar phznomenon, encompaffio~. or adjacent lO, lhe mooo,
jo (orm of a luminous ríng ; wherdn are fometimes o!>–
fc:rved one, fometimes two, apparent images of lhe moon.
P ARASITE , among the Greeks, was originally a very re·
pu,"ble ,ide; the paraGle. being a kiod of priells, at
lean minirters, of lhe gods, in lhe Carne manner 23 [he
Epulones were at R ome. They took eare of the faered
-corn, or lhe coro defiined for lhe (ervice of lhe templ es,
and lhe goJs. viz. facrificcs, fcans, "c. they had even
lhe inten.l.~nce over facrilices, and [ook care lhat lhey were
duly performed. A l Alhens, there WQS a kind of col–
lege of twelve parafites; e3eh peop]c of Attica furnifh ing
ooe. who was always chofen OUt of lhe befl (amili::-s.
P olybius adds, that a parafire was airo an hooour-able
tide among the ancieot Gduls, ar.d \Vas given tO theLr
poets ; lllH of Jate it has been mlde a term of rcproach,
Rnd ufed ror a Batterer and mean dependant.
PARASITES, or PARAStTI CA L PLANT!, in botany,
fueh plants as are productd ou t of lhe trunk or branches
of other pJa.ots, (rom whence they receive their Daurith–
meot, and wdl nat grow upon the ground. as the mtíle[Q,
&c.
P ARAST ATJF:, in anatom)'. See ANATOMY, p. 270.
PARAS YNANCHE, in medicine, a kind of angina, or
qui n rey See MEDICINE, p. 84 '
P AR!\THEN .'\R, in anatomy. See ANAT. p. 212 .
PARBUNCLE, in a Olip, the name ofa rope almolllike
a pair of Oings : it is feized bOlh ends toge,her, and
then pUl double about any hea.y lhing lhat is 10 be haiil·
ed in or out of th~ nlip; havi ng the haok of the rUDDer
hitched into it, to hoife it up by.
I'A R CJF:. in lhe healhen mYlhology, goddell'es, who were
fu ppofed tO prefide over lhe accidents and et'enr~ . and 'o
" etermine the. date or period, of human life. Se< My·
THOLOGY.
PIIRCHMENT, the OdA' oflheep or goats prepared .fter
fuch a manner as tO render it proper (or wriling upon, ca–
vering boaks, &c.
The manuf.éture of parehment is begun by lhe Ikioner,
and fininl . d by ,he parehment-maker.
The Ikin luving beeo Hripped of i,s wool , and plaeed
in tpe lime pit, rhe ikinner ll retches il 00 akind of fram.e,
:i\nd p"res off tht! ReO) with an iron io(lrumenr : this done,
it is moillened wilh a rag ; aod powdered chalk being
fpreítd over it, the fleinner cakes a large pumice. Hone, Aítt
at bonor,l , and rubs over the Ileto, af1d thus Ccowers off
(he Adh: he rhen goes ayer it again with lhe iron in.
Hrument, maillen; ir as befare. and robs it acaín \Vid)
the pllmice~ ltone withollt any chalk underneOlth : this
fmoolh. and fo fle" lhe OeOl ·C,de very eonfiderably. He
chen drains il agaio . by pnffi ng ayer it lhe iroo ¡nnru·
m enl a. befo« . The flefh · fide b.i n¡; lhus drained, by
ft:raping off lhe maifiure. he in l~e fame m.anoe.r palfes
che iron ove r the wool or hair·(id~: then fi relcncs it tight
00 a rrame, and rcrapes the fldh Cide again ; this fioilhes
;15 d, olilling ; ítOO, he more it is drained, rhe whiter it
h~cofnes. ~rhe fkinncl' no\V throws on more chalk,
{weepiog it over with a piece o( 13mb (kio that has lhe
wool on ; and this C:noot!Jsit H: II fanho. lt is OOW Icft
to -dI)"; ~[d when drkd, t¡lken o;f l:J ~ :¡ ,Ir:1:'; by cun iog it
all round: The Ikin, lh us far prepared' by ,he 'O,inner,
is rakco out of his hands by lhe parchment-maker; whl)
tirll. whiie tt is dry, pu~s il 00 a fummer (which is
a calf. neio nretched .in a fram e) \Virh a fharper ¡nP.:rument
tlltio that urcd by lhe lkinner. and, working with th..: ann
{rom lhe tOP to lhe bouoO'! of lhe !'km. take, away ..lbcut
one half of its thieknefs. Thelkin, lhu. equally pared o.
the 8efh-fide-, is again rendeled fmootb, by being rubbed
with the ooe on a bencb covered with a {le"
ftuffed with ~ocks, which leaves lhe parchment in ·a
lian fit (or writiog upon. The parings thus takc:a
ojf lhe leather, are ufed in m.kilÍg glue, fize . &c.
\Vhat i. callen vellúm, is only parehment made of lhe
fkins of abarti.,.es. or a l lean Cucking calves. This has
a much 6ner grain, aod is whirer aod fmaother- lhan
parchmenl; llUt is prepared io the fame manner, exctpt
its oot being pafTl!d throl1ch lhe lime-pi te
P ARD ALUS . See LEO .
J'AREGORlCS in pharmacy, medicines that .Il'wage palO,
otherwire called anodynes.
P .'\REIRA BRAVA, in the materia medie., • kind of oh.
long and large rOOl, brouglll from the BraGls.
Ir is certainIy ít diuretic of 00 mean charaéter, and
has done great fervice in ne.phritic cafes; and in pleurifies
and quinfeys it. has been attended wilb more ,fueeer. lblD
almoíl any medicine lOe know offingly.
P ARELCON, in grammar, a figure by whicl; a word or
ryllable is added to lhe end of anolhe,.
PAR EMBOLE, in ,helorie, a 6gure wherein fomelhing
relating lO ,he fubje~ i. inferted in the midóle of. pe.
riod . AII the dijferenees belween the parembole and P"
reotheGs, according tO Voffius, ¡s, that the re–
lates to tbe fubjeél in band, wbereas lhe latter is foreign
fO it.
-P ARENCHYMA, in anJltomy, a term introdueed by Era.
lillratu', fignifying all thar fubllance whicll is eontain,d
in the interOices belwixt the blood ·velfds of the vifc:ra,
whieh he imagined 10 be extravafated and conereted blood.
.pAREN CH YMA of planu. Grew applies the term pat eo–
ehyma 10 the pi,h or pulp, or that inner pan of. fruit
or phnt throu!!h,whieh lbe juiee i. fuppofed tO be diJIri·
::'uted. Sre AGRICULTURE.
P ARENT, a term of r<lation applicahle to l!lOfe frolD
whom we irnmediately receive our bc:ing.
PARENTALIA, in .nliquilY, funeral obrequies, or lhe
lall duties paid by eholdr<ll lO thei.. deceared parenlS.
PARENTHESIS, in grammor, e"nain \Yord:i.
ioferted io a difcourfe, which interrupt che fenfr, or
thread, but· fecm neccífary for the beuer uuderClandiag
of lhe rubjeél.
P ARENZO, or P' RE" 20, a port.lOwn of Huia, in lhe
lerritóry of Veoi«, filUated on a bay of lhe gulph of.
V eniee, t\Veoty.6.e miles fOUlh of C abo de IIl ria.
P ARES IS, in medicine, is d.6ne.1 " 0 be a palfy of ,he
bJadderJ whereiu lhe urine is eilber Cupprclfc:d, or diC·
charged inv.olunlarily.
PARETONIUM, in natural hiClory, lhe name ofan carlh
aneiendy found on ,he O,ores of Egypt, Cyrene: a~d lhe
iOdod of C, ate, aod ", red by the. ancients in p:unuog.
P ARGET, in natural hiflory, -a nome gi .en tO {<v<cal
l inds of Rypftlm, or pIaHer.Clone.
PARGETING , in building, is ureJ for
walls, aod rometirocs for plaller itrelf..
lhe pLncrir.g of
l':\R·