1000000031

( '17 8 )

PllnENES, in

~o.tomy.

S e. AS .\TOMV ,

:'3.

PHRENS

medicine.

in8dnlnlclt;On

of [he membranu

of [he

bn.in

, "ttended. with aa acute feTer and deJirium .

Se< M'DIC",

88.

PHRYG l .-\, Ihe G re.,er . nd L elT". t WO provinee••ncient·

Iv or

Ato,

~Iinor;

h.ving Ihe Hellerponl on the nonh .

PHTH IRI:\SIS, in medicine, ,he pedicularis morbus, or

lnufy dlfeaf.., i, mofl incident 'o children, 'hough adul..

are nor wholly exempt (rom ir.

PHTHISIS , •

fp~cie.

or confu01ption, ariGng from an uleer

orthe lung, . Se< lItEDICI NE , p.

103.

l'HYLLANTHUS, in bo,any, a genus of the monoeci.

tri.ndri. clafs. The c. lix bo, h of the male and f"mdle

confi!1s of

ei~ht

fegments; or-ither of them have any co–

roll.;

t~e

fennle has thr.. bifid flyli; the eapfu le has

three cells, and conujos 'ane (ced . There are

ux rpecies,

none

('Ir

thcm natives ofBritaio.

YL.l.IS

, in bOlany, a genus of the pentandria digynia

e1.f,. The fl igm... are rough; and ,he frui, is fparce.

T hcre are

[ IVO

fpecics

none, of them natives of Bri t;t:n.

PHYSALIS, in bo,any, a genu, of the pentand,ia mono·

gyoia ciar,. The

coroll a

rot;ued;

tbe feeds

are

conní–

vent; i\nd [he berry has two cells, and is contained with–

in~ated

calix. There are

t~D

fpecies,

none

them

nativ!s of Bri:ain.

'PHYSETER, in 'Zoology, a genu. belonging ' o the order

of Cete.

h" teelh in the under jaw, aod a Gnu la in

,he head or roout. There are fou r fpecies,

viz.

T he

catodon, wi,h a fiflul a in the fnout, and h..ing no

b.ck–

fi n.

2 .

The m.crocephallls has a fin ula in ,he neck, and

back.fi

n. The fpermaceti is extraé!eJ from the ven·

trieles of in brain.

The microps, with

long

fin

0 0

the

back. and ,he upper jaw much longer ,han Ihe lInder one.

The turGo, with a very high fi n on the back, and ,he

points of Ihe teeth blun!.

AII

the four fpecies are inha–

hitants of ,he northero OceaD.

l'HYSI C. See M ED ICINE.

PHYS ICAL. fomething relating to nature.

PHYSICI:\N , a perfoo who profdr<, medicine, or the .rt

of he:rling dife,f...

PHYSICS, a dcnomioation fometim.. givco to na,ural phi–

lofophy.

PHYS IOLOGY, properly deno,e.

difcourfe of nature,

and natural bodies; or, it

chat part of natural philoro–

phy which treats of the various pbznomena of Dature in

fcien,ifieal and fpeculd,ive way.

Among ph yGci,ns, ,he 'e,Ol phyfiology denote. the hi·

Oo<y of ,he human body and ilS feveral cooflitueo, pam,

with

their

reJalions

and

funétions.

YHYTEUMA, iDbo,any, • genu. of ,he pentandria mono–

gynia ciar•. The

carolla

is rotated. with linear lacioi:e;

the

~igtna

is trifid : !,nd the c.pfule has 'wo or ,hree eell,.

Thc Cptcie1 are

fix,

oolyone of them,

v;z.

the orbicul¡·

ris,

horoed

rarn~ions,

a oative of Britaio.

l'HYTOLACCA. in bOlany. a genu. of the decandria

decagyoia

ciar, .

has no calixi the petals are 6ve; and

,he berry ha. 'en eell., and 'en feed,. There are four

fpecies. none of tbem natives of Briuin .

PHYTOLOGY, a difcourf. eonceroiog Ihe kind. and vir-

toe. of plan...

PIA MATEO, in anatomy. Se< ANA TO MV,

285.

PICA, in ornithology See CORVU'.

'flCA,

io medicine,

depravatioo of .ppetite, which maku

the palien! long fo, ",ha, i. u06, (or fooJ, or ineapable

or nounnung. as ch-alk, af'hes. coals, p!;dler, lime,

(:re.

PI CJE, ,he ..me of. e1ar, of bird•. See NATU'AL HI'

ST OR V .

PIC.'" ROY, a provinee of France, hOllnded by ,he French

Nelherland!:, and the nraightsof Dover, on{he nonh and

eal!; by ,he lile of france, on the foulh; and oy Nor–

manny, and

Enghlh

channd . on the

well:.

PICJ( LE, a brine or liquor, commonly com?ofed of fal"

vincgar.

&c.

CometÍmes with

t~e

addition 'of fpices

wherein melt.t

rruit,

a~d

othcr

things are prererved

and

fe.(oned .

PI CKERY , in Seo," law, petty ,hof" or nealing thing' of

fm al! v. lue

PI CQ!JERING, a Hying war or fltirmifh made by foldi",

deri\chcd froID tWO armies for piJlage, or befare a maio

banl. begins .

PI CRI S, in bOlany, a genu. of

th~

fyngeneGa polygami.

zqual!s

clars.

The

receptaclc

naked: the calix

ca–

lteulated; the pappus is fealhery; and th_efeed, are rur·

rowed tr. nrverfcly.

There

are four rpecies.

IWO

of lhc:1'll

natives of Britain,

viz .

the echiqides, or ox's tongue;

and the hieracioides, or yeIJow fa ccory.

PICTS

L, in . otiquity,

wall begun by ,be emperor

Ad rian,

the

northero bounds of EngJaDd.

preveot

the ineurGon, of ,he Piél, aod Seo".

was fir(! m.d.

onl y of IUrr, fl,eng,hened with pallifadoe., ,ill thcem·

peror Severus coming io perCon ioto Britain built it with

folid Oone. Thi,

w.lI

, pan of which fl dl , emaio., begu.

the entnoce orSolway_rrith io Cumberland, .aDd

run–

oing

N. E.

extended

the German ocean

PICTURE, a piee< of paintilTg, or

fubjeé! reprefeoted i.

_ colours, on wood, caovas . paper, or the like.

PICUS, the WOOD-PECKEa, iD orni,hology, a genu. be–

longing

the order of pica:. ·The beak

nrait, .nd

conGll, of many Gd", and like

wedge a' the point ; ,he

noffrils are covered with b,ilty feathers¡ thl! tongue is

round like

worm,

ver

long. fharp at the point, which

is befe,withbriflles bent backward,. There

are

fpe–

eies , diUinguifhed by ,heir colour:

PIECE, in heraldry, denote, an o,dioary or charge.

Seo

CH AR G8

PIEOMONT , • principality of Iraly, fo called from its

Iying al the foo, of the Alp.. tt

bounded by Savoy,

from whieh i, i. repar.,ted by ,he Alp., on the north; by

the duchies of M ilan and Montferr.. , on tbe eafl; by ,h.

re:rritories of

Geno~,

:lOd the

CO\1011

ofNice:,

lhe fODth :

and by France, on the wefl ; being abou,

100

le.

long,

a;d

broad.

PIER, in building. denotes a mar. of (Ione,

&e.

oppofed

by way of fonref, againfl ,he force of the fea, or a. gre..

river, fo, the recurity sf fhip, that líe

harbour

any

haveo. -

PIETISTS, a religiou. feél [pru ng up among ,he proten. nu

ofGermany. fee:ming

be a

kind

of meaD bétween

t~e

qtl akers of

Engl.nd,

and

,1,.

quie\i(b of ,he R omlfh

church.

PIG , io zoology . See Su ••

Gtlin~tI- Plc .

Sce

Mu s.

PI e

o{ lu ,d

' ehe eigheh pan of a fOlher, amouo,in¡ 'o

,wO

hundreó ,nd fifey pe,und. weigh'.

PI GEON. in orni,hulogy. See COLUM".

PIGMENTS, prcparatiODs uled by paiD"'s, dym,

&e.

impar!