1000000031

L A

'Phin furf3ce is

lhe

filonell

C),:lcn!ioo frull1

(¡n~

)¡ne to

another.

l'L A" E, '

in joinery, an eciged lool, or

inHru~1!Dt

fo r

raning

ana Ihtlving

,\Vood

fOloOth .

confills of a piec'\! of wood, very .fmoo!h

bottom,

as a (lock or

flufl

in lhe middlc of which is an apenure,

dlrour.h \\'h:ch

t1=el

c¿~e .

or chi!Td.

pl"ccd o'.lliq oeJy,

parres ; which bcing

very

fll.lrp,

takes off lhe: inequa(¡ucs

o( lhe

wood

il is

fl ,d along

PLANE-TREl':, in botan)'. SeePLATANUS.

PLA N ET, a cddh,1 body, rcvolving rOllnd Ihe fon "

centre, and ..:ontinual1y changing its po(j{ion,"'wilh

refpea

t oth~

fixed Ibus; whence

lhe

name

"Itlnel,

which

Oreek \Vord. fi!!nifying

'luQnd~r~r.

See

&TROSOMY.

PLAN ETARIUM, ,he fa me wi,h orrery. See A"rRO –

NO"V,

p.495,

PLAN IMETR

,h" p'" of c =ometry which confiders

Jines and pl..in fi;;ures. without confidt:ring'lhei r helglll or

dtpth¡

See·GE c M~TR Y.

PL:\NISPHE RE, fignifies a

projeflio~

of .he fphere, aod

its

various cireles

aplane; in which (cnre ruaps, where.

in are exhibited the

meridl.ns,

aod otllcr circles of thlt

(phere, :Art' phmifpheres.

PL.'\.NT, is defin<d lO be an org.nical body, deíli, ote of

fenre

ana

Cpontaneous motioo, adhering tO anorner body

in fuch

manner

draw fro01

its nouri(hmcnt, aod

hHin~

rower ofpropfgatiric i.f<ifbr feeds. S<e

i,G"–

CULTURE ar,d llOTANY.

Srnfititl.r

PLANT. Sce MutOSA .

PLANTA , in ana<omy, ,he fOOL Su ANATOMV, p.

185.

PLANTAGO, in

bo,~ny,

a genus of ,h< «craodria mono_

gynia

c1.Cs

The Cdi<" and corolla

ha.

e.ch

four feg–

menn; the fiamina are v..:ry long

and the caprule is

bi.

locular. There ar:

2 1

fpecies, t jght of lhem natives of

Britaio.

T'he root, leavu, and,feeds of pbintaio . are reckoned

cooling and aClringent.

lik~\ViCe

accouoted a great

healer of fren, 1V0und•.

lI'afer PL A I:o.ITA lftO .

See RAS t'NCU LU S.

PLANrA R IS, in an>tomy. S<e .'I.NATOM"V, p.

210.

l'LANTATION, in ,he W eíl-Indies, denote. a fpo, of

ground whicb a

plan ter

or perron arrived

in a

new coJony,

phehcs on

culcivate: {or his own ufe, or is affigned for

that purpo(e. However, Ihe terOl plantation is often

u·

f, d in a fynor.ymon. fenfe wi,h colony.

PLASTER, in phormacy, is oelincd

be ao extern,l ap–

plica:ion, of

harder confinence than ollr ointments ;

Ihefe are tO be fprcad aceording to

the

diffúeot circum–

Ilances of the wound, pLAce, or patient., elther upoo"lin.

oen or lealher.

PL Asr-fR, among build"s.

6c.

T he Dla!!er of PMis is a

prepar.uion of revera l Cpecic, of &ypfums,

dug

near rvl ont

~1"lue.

a vilJ ...c!c

the

n~¡ghtlou rhood

of Puis

whe:n;:e

the name.

T he be:(l (ort ¡s hard, white,- Ihining, and marbJy

kno\Vn by ,he n'mes

plaíler flone, or parge, of Moun,

M.litre

will

nei·.her give I1re wilh

aed,

norJerment

with aqua {onis; but very fredy and

rc~di ly

calcines in

the 6re, ioto a very fine pl.fic:r; the ufe of which in

building. and cafting ílatues . is well koown .

.ELASTIC, denoles a ,hiog enduod wi,h a

Corm..ive

power,

Or a faculty of forming or lanlioning

mafs of maner,

aíter lbe Itkeo.[¡ of

livi02 ueios

eh a

vinue

feme

P L E

die

ancieol Epicureao" and .ptrhlp! -thc

:ripattticI

tOI1. imAJ.!·ned

relide In ,he ear;b, 'or al Jeafi tu 11."e

ancicnrly rdiJed thu tin, by mt'ítl"'S whereo(, ítnd ......i.rhQu t

any extrilurdlnary inlcrvenrion of a ereltor, it pUL forth

plants.

&c.

Some o( lhem feem tO

of opinioo, lhar

animills, and cven man

him(tlf,

\Vas the

tlF\,.é\"

this

pl.tnic

power.

PLASTIC Ar..T , a braoch of (cu!ptu re, being the

3rt

forOlinl:: fisures of

l"J ~o,

birds, lJeaHs,

filhes,

6c.

in plaftcr.

cI..ly.

fiuc, or lhe IIke.

PLATA, a fOlall Inand in ,he P ,cific oeean, near ,he co,1I:

of Peru, filUated

W .

long .

8 1°,

S . lat .

1°.

is airo

,he name of a city of Peru, capit::l l of lhe province of

1.a

J)12(3,

fitu:lted in

W .

long.

30',

lat.

22°

;0':

an:J alCo the

na.me

of a great river of Peru , whieh rifi,pg

in the provinee of

Plata, and running fouth-eafi till

joi ns the river POlragua, diCcharges i,C:lf into the

At~

I ....

mie oeean, below tbe ei,y of Buenos Arres.

PLATALEA. or fpoon-bill , in orni,hology,

g<ous be–

longiog 'o ,he order of grall", . The beak is plaiD, and

dilates toward the poiot ioto Oln orbiculOlr form ;

the

fe:.,

llave three loes, and are half palnut ed. There are three

.{pecics, diílinguifh ed by ,beir colour.

PLATANUS, ,be PLAN.E-TREE , in bo,any,

tenu. of

, he moncecia polyandria clafs. The calix bo,h of ,he

mOlle and remOlle

a roundifh amentum; the mate has no

corolla; ,he corolla of ,he fcmal. confiJh of many petals;

the Cligma

beot backward ; aod Ihe (eeds are round:

1-he

fpecies are tWO, none of them natives of Britain.

PLATBAND, in garde ning, a border or bed of Bowers

¡ long a wdll, or ,he fide of a parterre fr equeotly

~d&ed _

wjth box,

&c.

PLATBAND ofa door or window. i, ufed for lhe lintel, where

Ih at is milete fquare or nOI mueh arehed.

PLATFORM, in ,he military art, an e1evation of earth,

on which cannon is placed, to

6re

on tbe eoemy; fucD. ,

are the mounts

the ·midd le of curtai:1s.

PLATfORfo;, jn'architeélure

row of beam$, which fUi>.

pon tbe timber ·work of

roof, and lie

[he

tOP

of the –

wall, where the eotablature ougllt to re r2¡{ed.

PLATONIC, fO nJething ,ha< relates 'o PIHo, hi. [cbool–

philolophy, opiniens, or ,be lik•.

P LATONtC

Y EAR,

ortheG!lE AT YEAR., iSil periodoftime

determined by the revoJution of lhe equinoxcs. See

A·

STROHOMY,

SÓ2 .

PLATOON, in Ihe milila'Y art ,

fmall fquare body of

fOrly

or fifty men. drawn out

a baltalion

foot. and

placed be'

we.en

,he fquadron. of horfe,

follain ,hem.

PLATYSMA ",VOl

O",

in anatomy.

See ANA TO MV ,

p. ' 95,

PLEA, in la\V, i. \Vha, ei,her party

.1I~dges

for himfdf ir

coun,

a caufc. tt:

.c.re

depending; and in a more reOrajn..

ed fenfe , i, is ,be defendaD", anfwer 'o ,be plairuiff's-cc–

claralion .

Courl o(r:"mmon

PL EAS. Sec.. Cofol MON · PLEAS .

PLEASURE and pain, f.y' Mr L ocke, are fi mple ideas,

which we recrille U01h (rom

Ct:nCatio~

ítnc.J rdlefliooj there

being lhoughts of the mind, as u'ell as feorations, accom·

panied with plraCur e or paio. See

~1 & TAPHYSJCS.

PLEBEIAN, any perfon

,he rank of ,he common peo–

r le.

is chiefl)' ufed in fpeakinR of ,be ancien, R o–

man., who "'<re di" :dcd ialo [eJlalors, k.,igh", and pl¿–

bcians',

J'LEDGE..