1000000030

finan quaolily of

.10

acid liquo, may bc obl.liocd (rom

il, whieh Iccms

hc fplrll of 1,111, bUI tilher ,hcreoJ, or

combllleJ wilh fumc adveolilious malllr; fur il has fc–

I'er.d proplllllS Ihal are OUI 10 be fouod in Ihe I'ure n,.–

rinc acid; fuch as, IcaI'ing a fiYed (uliblc (uullancc he–

hind il when expoled 10 a IIrong nre, dnd bllog e,lily

cOOlblOcu wlllt Ihe pltlogillon lo as

reproduce a phof.

phorns.

Phufphonls re(emules (ulphur io (tl'cral of ils prllper–

lies:

IS ful"bl. io oils; il mchs wllh a gende hw ;

il is Vtry eombul!ible; il burns WilhoUl prouueillg fOOI

anu liS rldmc is Ii"id and bluilh,

rom whal has beco f.lld of Ihe unioo of Ihc aeid of

(ea·fdh wirh a

fi.ed

alkJli, and of Ihc OCUI,.I f,lI rdull–

iog lherdrom. il may be coocludeu, 1!lal lhis neutrJI

(all is no olh_r rh.n rhe eonUlllln kucilcn fJlr. BUl il

mul! he ob(ervl'u, Ihal rhe ñxcu albli, which is lhe 0'–

rural bafis of lhe comOlon

f.dl

ohra,oed floOl fe,·waler,

is of. 1m fomc\lh.<l "ff,·"og IroOl lix,d alkJlis in gene–

ral, aod halh ce,laio prorcn le, peculiar

idelr. Fur,

l. The bafis of fea·fall dofrers f,om olher fixeu alkalts

io Ihis, lhJl il cryllallizes Ilkc a neutr.1 fah,

[1 dOes OUI

gr~w

o\(lilllO ,he arr: 00 Ihe coolra–

ry, whco expoled 10 lhe :tir, il lo(es pan of Ihe wa'e,

11m

uoit<d wilh il io eryl!allizJIlOII,

whleli OIeaOs ils

cr)I!,ls lofe ,heir trAof?" eoey, beeome JS

were oltal)',

aod fall ioto a fine flour.

\vh(n eombin,d wllh rhe l·itri"li. acid

,~ I~e

POiOI

o( faluralloo, i, forOls a ocutr.1(;lh ddT,rtllg r"'ol ':",i,

olaled lmar, fidl, 'o Ihe

li~u, e

vI liS .ry11.115

\lllIth

a'e oblollg fix·fiJed f(,li(,s: feeomUy, in liS 'luar.lJIY of

watt:r, which in cr;,

!hlli¡"uon

IInllls thc'l '\ll:!1

in a

mueh grealer prop'" lIJO lhan IVilh ,.lru,) .,.;J

ww:

whroee " follolYs,

lh.tI

,hls f.,11 ddrol .•

Wdler ""lre

red,'ily (hAO

,ilrill!~I,·d

,m,,;

!lmJ;·., 'u,hal il OOIt'S

w"h d

ver)

!:.uJer.,lc d.g,,,e of heat, .hereJs , itrivldled

tall,U

,cquirc:~

\'ery

ti••

une.

,he .H,iJ of fea·fall

ftpdrmd from its bafis by

rncaos of lhe vitrivli" .cid,

's eafl' lo fee, Ihat, wheo

II.e opcnlioo is finilhed, Ihe fah we havo been fpe,k,og

of mull be ,he ,eluh,

famous c1"" lIill, o.metl CI.u–

b~l,

\Y'S lhe fi rll I'.'ho exma"d the Ip;' il of (.tll io Ihis

maoner, examiotd lhe oeotr.,1fah re{lIhng from h" pro–

eefl. aod fiooiog il In ha' e fi,me fir.glll" pruperties,

c.lled il his

{t"

",irdi!..,

or wond, rful f, h : 00 ,h.. ae–

eOllnl il is lIíll

c.tl

led Gldubcr's

¡,,¡

IIIlr.b¡/"

CI.u

~(r'J

1"/.

Wl,cn Ihe b,fis of Ihe fea·LIt is eootbined IVi,h rhe

nilllulI acid

Ihe POIOI of f.11Iralioo. Ihere rcfults

a o<lltrdl

f.dl

, o, a fon of nitre, (hfl'e,ing (rom Ihe

cOlimoo nitre. firfl, io d"l il am ,lls lhe

o,,)iUllr~

oí

rhe ..ir prelry f1roog!)'; dOr! this makcs il Hinielllt 'o

cr) IIJllize: (,,00,11)', io Ihe ligure of il' er)'II.'¡5, .hieh

al e

p."lId~pipcJs;

Jod Ibrs

itJS

I"oelllen " lhe oame

quodrol/gul"

I/ill(

enmmoo fJIr, ¡r Ihe o"II'm l (;"1("rmed hv comhioiog

the marine "cid witl, lhis partieul" fUIl of

/Í~ed

alkali .

h,s a1.,lIe ",di kouwo 10 cverl' boo)' l'hc

fi¡.III~

of ils

cryf!.1s is cxa{lly IIluieai.

grol'.'s lItoill illlhe air, dod,

when expofcd lO Ihe fire, il uuril!, bd'ore il melIS, iOlo

many lirde f,agmeol!, wilh a craekliog noife

",hidl i.

cJlleo lhe

dartpila/iM

fe~-fall.

Thal ocutral fall menlioneu above, whieh is (olmeu

combiuio~

lhc marioe acid wllh • eommon li"J al–

kali. anu

c.,II~d

1"lj,brrjugulII /J/uii,

halh

Jllu

Ihl) p,v–

peny.

[odia furoifhes us Wilh a falioe ("bll,oee, kOOIVII by

lhe Dame of

; qrOX,

which OOW! vcry.aflly, auJ 'hen

(akcs lhe form uf

gl.rs.

is of gre'l "fe

'.edll.·log

lhe lulioo of tne,,ulie (

ubll.om.

polfclles IUllIe of lhe

propcnies

l'l

fixed alkalis, which hJS ioduccd eH' lin

eheollf!. 10 repr eOl il, lhrough millake, as. purc li ..etl

.lk.II

By OIixiog oorax Wilh lhe Vilriolie aCIIl, Ir Hom "'rg

ob",ocd

fr~m

f.It

, wbieh (ubhm,s

10 "

eelldlO

ne–

gree of he", wheocver fueh a o"x(ure 's maue. Th,s

f,ll hos I'''y liogular p'OpCI

w., ;

hUI

liS

o"ure 15 001 yel

lhoroughly uod!!dlood.

,ltlll\' s 'O \I'Jlcr lI'ilh greal

dllfielllly; it i, UOl volalil"

ti.

IIg11 il

by fubltma–

lion from Ihe borax

lIúlIdlng 'u

~Ir

Ro lelIL's o' fer–

valioo il nl.s Ihcn on,)' by u".os o( Ihe "'.1" which

CArnes il up; for whell (10le maue,

db,dts tite li<fl'cll

fir., OOIVS aod vllcities JUI! .IS ¡·o"x does. pro\'lIled e;re

be taho

free

prc\'luully frum lIto,lIu,e hy drying il

pr ,perly. ,.1,

lIom~c,~

eaUed ,

J"m"

fllll,

00 ae–

COunl O IS med,c.1 elf.<1s. T he fe ati,'e (.dt IlJIh Ine

'ppedr loce _od rom.

e¡f

Ihe proplflles. of. oeutral lall ;

for

OIOUIS inld e, yfl,ls 3.d dOes 001 eh.lOgc Ihe e,.lollr

uf viuleu: blll

,tls (he par! of ao

.Cld

wilh r'¡:aIIl

.¡Ikall , UO'"llg wllh (hem10 Ihe p,.'OI of fal

·""lOn.

,r.rl

tll~rehy

form,og a true ueutr.1 (tll.

.Ifo ./ls,

It~,

lhe

aCIII ul vllliul. uO aU u·;"

mll.hs

; Ihdl ",

difeh.'gcs

lhe aeHI

fuch as

h.ve

001 Ihe vllriohe aeid io Ihelr

eUlllpofillOO.

SlOee Mr H,'mherg's lime il h. rh been difeovmd,

Ihal a fed.rlle (di o>.ty be made eilh" \Vllh Ihe OtlrOUS

or wilh lhe o!.lrine dcid; aoJ Ihal fublinlJlion is nOI oc

eclfdry

e tra/l il frum Ihe borax. bUI Ihal il may

ohlaiocu by eryll.IUiz,lllOO ooly

For Ihis 1.llIcr diCeo–

very lVe are ind,'b,.d la

~I r

C.offroy, as lVe are 10

~Ir

Lcmery for Ihe 10rOler.

Sioee Ihal time

B., ~n

d' Heooul'ille, ao ,bl. che–

mili, ha,h Olewn tlldI a fld.liv!! fAh m. y be ubl.lloed by

rhe med OS uf vegwbll! .eios; aod " lh Imly d. 0100-

Hr. led, IhJl the leo.llive f,ll

CX111.

d/luall" a01I ptrf.,qly

in th,' borH, aou ,ha(

is 001 prodlleed byIIIIX,og JCIOS

1I';lh Ih.1I f.dioe fubll.uee,

il feems .I! ,he ehemllls be–

fore "im iutJgiocd. 1'llIs he prol'e. eool'"'CIII&I)' froOl

his a'loIlyfis of borJX. (whieh Ih"reby appcars

be 00-

lhin~

dfc bltl lhe

f~dallve

fa ll unueo with Ihal hxed al–

k.d,

whieh is Ihe

b:\fi~

of fca.f.h) :\od f,oo> hi, rrg(ne–

ming

,lte

fame borax Ity "oilioS wgelher Ihat

~Ikalt

amir

Ih< fed.llil·e f.h : a proof lhe moll eomple,e Ibal e.1n

polr,bly be p,,'¡uced io natural philofoph)', aou cqui'·J.

lenl

uemoofitalioo illi lr.

lo ortler 10 fioilh

wh.tI

rem~ios

10 ue faid upon Ihe fe–

I'erol lilr's of faline f"blla oces, we OlOuld OOIY fpeak of

Ihe acids out:tiocd frolO ,rgetablcs aod .111111,,15, aod allo

oi' ,he vol.tlile alk.llis; blll, Ilcing Ihefe f.d ioe fubll.loce,

~iffc'

from

Ihor~

of \\hidl

\I'c

h"'e alr"ad)'

IIl'J1e~,

nly