1000000030

'!]IlI

lR.

",",rile,

SCR1'1l 0 j

T did

'umle.

SCR'P S' j

1/hall .vrile,

-S Ck'UM,

&t.

Th< u,iatioos produced frora th s caure

have beeo called

TEN SES.

And, thirdly, Suppofing Ihe

allriol/le,

the

IÍlm .

nod th e

affirri.u,

rem.in

unch~1).ged. Ihere may be adi/ference in the

er:ergiu r.

and

t.bi

J,kewife . dmits of a divifion: for

the encrgizer'nllY be

ooly

or more perfons. it mufl have a ..m tion into

jir.gular

and

,INrnl

on there aceoonts ; as inl:leCe exam–

ples :

'Wrift,

S.(R·IBO;

Ih.u

1JJrilejl,

~CRIU.U

;

'Wrilfl,

!C RIBAT; and in the plural,

'W'

~urild, sc.~[.

JlAMUS;

.urile,

SCRIBATIS ;

Ih,)'

.urile,

SCRI.BANT .

TIe ,ariations produced Irom this

ca~re

have beco called

'rE~so)l

and

~U'MB1:l .--Thefe

are aJl the , ariatioos

'Which ba'e been maJe in the Lalin or creek languages ;

Aod therefore our grammJrians, who have adoPled every

idea they have of grammar from tliefe languages, men·

tíon

more : but it \l as not necelfary mat they Ihould

/uve Ropt

~m,

fOl'

a.n

tllribute is fu rely as rufceptíble

of the diflinélionof

fex

as of 'perfon, (o ·that they miglll

haJe had a variation lor

C",du

alfo ; QDd inRead

ha·

~ng

one

word·~ClllllA<r

tQ anfwcr for all tbe three gen·

ders,

ht,

/he,

'W,ole,

they might have had three

difrereot worlH - The compofen of the Hebrew language

llave adop,ed Ihis piln, aod ' admil of tWOv¡rialioos on

Ihis account ; and

th~

Rullian J:¡Qj\Il24le ;\dmits of Qlike

'Y¡riation io thdr verb for thefe gelldm; as io tbia ex. m·

pie :

ZOHEJ.U,

ht haJ done.;

O-N.A ZOH E

<J.HA

Jbe

baJ

riMe,

<lec

But as the

11\10

·I"ogu~ges.

31>o,e meo·

tioned

not admil of this diUinllion, thcrefore aJl the

varlalions that our verbl are faid to adlllit of are

MOD ES,

which ioelude wirhin them .'f[NSEI, whkh ioelude uncler

Ibem PER!ONS,under whith head i8 included NU&18ER;

aod thefe are ,tJl the .pans into Wbich • C{)'N']UGATIOIl

hal bC(n divided.-As to 'what ·conenAS the nature anel

Jelfer diflioélions of each .of lbefe, me folJowiog general

remarks

may.be

Cuflicient.

With ¡egílrd to '"

this

rélat~

folely

the

14mptlo

/l.or

",/ilio/l

of the fpea'ker, it

n~efTarily

fol·

lows, thatthero ought

he adiflinél

and

particular

/110 01l

fin

each diverfiry that Ibere can can be io his manner

perceiving

wilJing any thing whm,er, Ihe principll

of which are the foJlo\liftg.

If we 1imply declare th81 we p.erceive aoy objed,

that fuch a thiog is or wiJI .be, without any limitRlion

contigeocy, it forma what has

heen

caHed Ihe Dll'

CLAtATIVr.

,INDLCATIV'g

~IODII;

as,

'Wrilt

-A·

gaio, if we fimply reprefent it to be .wilhin cur

pVIJJer,

or to depend upon our choice, il forme two othH modea¡

whichmay be

c~Jled

the ponNT,IAL, as,

¡ ean'!JJrile;

or the EL

E, as,

I I/Jal

'lIIrile-In

the

f~rne

man–

lIer, if the fpeaker reprefellu himfelf,

any other

o~jed,

del,,,~ined

to pcrlorm aoy aélioo, or

eOINPelled

or as it is his

du'J

to perform it

thefe form fo maoy

cliflinél modes, which may be calJed Ihe OET ER'MINA'

TlVE,

as,

{ 'Will 'Wrile;

the .~o/ll,uLalv e,

al,

rnu¡1

'IJ1ril,

and OBLIGATIVE,

as,

l JlJould'Wrile.

But al–

though each of tbefe reprefenu the fpeaker as perceiviog

ahe ageO! under a differeot light wilh refpea to lhe

~éli·

on; yet as all of them, excepl the indicative, agree iD

this, \hat however much they may repr&nt it as the

4JJlJ

in~/inaliM,

&c. of tbe

a~enl

tO perforOl an¡ aa ioa

wilh which they .re arrociated ,

y~t

-;t,

ihe¡

ar~ 'flill

nature of

coottngr~J1s

" Iueh m. y never t. ke tffeél, die,.

are

f(eq~ently

fubJo,ned [.() :

J.oy

orb~r

"e[b ;

lhaefo~

the Lauos hal'c cumprehendcd all of rhd;, under

OM:

.Olode, which ¡h¡y

h~vc calJcd

Ihe SU8)UHCTlV! .

W'e

only lake GOlice

tm, clrcumIL..c! bere, to

futw,

thn

however nalurally

fen t",w

m.y

diltinguiUled iOIQ

modts, accol iag ro Ihe difftrenl Iitu,nion

the fpeak–

~r ;

yel

the INhole order of tbe Nariation of word. iR

~le

conjugatioo of • .vefb ii mmly art.itral y, Ihofe

Wh9

InVeot Ihero may aTl angethem into what order they pleale,

and calJ Ihem by what .Dames they may Ihink mofl pro.

pero .But hOlNUcr

~hey

may 'ary ,the nBRleS or exteroa!

arrangenleDt, ·this

nOI a!feél Ihe things Ihemrelve!.

For by Wbatever Game lhe

lItode

may be known

~hich

compreheids the worda expreffiv! of theCe feveral meao–

¡nes, lh.

reole~s

formed by Ihefe wiJl

.~lher

poi,,,.

lia{, oll¡g,'live, t'ompu!Jiae,

/icc: as .bove el{plained.

AJI theCe

mOlle,

above mentÍ<Jned ooly relate tO the

different

perttylMnl

of the

Cpea~er.

!lut

man is oot

ooly endowed ,wilh the

po\Vtrs

01'

per,"plion,

but thore

f) ;lition

alfo, be mua llave words to exprefs theft;

which fOnT15 aoorller orcler of modes. As he is oot oolf

depeodeot himfelf, but has olhe,s dependillg upon Ilinl,

may

tomma"d, inlf'tal,

b,~, /H'~"

'WiJ",

illf.ire.–

Hence, lherefore,

many dilTerent arders of

mod6,

the

IMP ~ RATIVE, Jl[~U15ITIV& ,

ntcATIY!,

OPTA·

lt'I'IE,

INTHR.oC:

;ATI'VE,

b e.

whlch may

addeJl

Ihe VOCAT rV.[. .But'altboGgh

t'.t<:h

of'lhefe di(play •

difllOél

~/feélioD

the fpeaker, yet g/ammari·.o, hart

aJlotted only one variation of Ihei, verb for

a11

Ihe~

purpo(es, callcd Ibe IMfEUT\V'[' MOO.! ; aJl the

&–

ther 'l'Gluions'heiog expreffed by this, or (ome other

mode~

by the belp of -particular coottÍVRIICCl, which are diffc"

~ot

iD diffmnt languagea.

Wi!h regard to that vanatlon of !he '-erb whieh relate.

(ime,

caJled

nHtSS:

ao aéliO!!

eveot lIUy

reprefented

nappenihg

any al!igoable pe,iod of

tim~

necclfary

divide mat durQlion iDtO certaio piftll

Ihaz we may be ablt

~eprefeot

Ihe dj!fereot relaliOllI

whiéh e·vents bear to ooe aoother with refpeé! to thÍl

panicular. The 'rft aOO moll ob,ious divifion of time

is into

I'rifelll,

p41,

a11d

[ulure.

'Bttt

'lile may go (ar–

Iher lIiU io oUr divifion! of time. for

tinle pan anol

future .may be in6nitely atended, 'we may io

uni'lr/ai

lime paji

affume

mOll)

parlitolar /illfeJ

paJI,

aod iA ..

"iverj al

Ijm~ [./~re

.U"'

p4r/Í&ulal" lil/l11

[uIU,I,

fome more, fomelers remote, and correfponoiog tO

eac~

olber under different reladoDs.

E,en

p"fe'" lime,

how–

ever, io lIrié! phyfical truth, il

mi)' be

¡nc1lllble of jI, i,

by the power

Ihe imagioatioo brought tO admit of

thefe diffcrenm, and as necelfarily impliCi

jome

d~~m ~r

eXlenjion,

asevery givenlioe however minute: And heoce

it is not ful!icieot fa r Iangulge to denote

N~Ef

1N1TE–

LV mere

paJI,

" ife"l,

[N/U"

times; but on manr

occafions to OH

UIE ...

ilh more precifroD what

lind

P'JI,

pre/ ml,

[ulure

is meant.

Tenfes, therefore, or Ihofe .arialio", of

whic~

denole adiffereoce of

lime

ooly. may

aJl di,'ided inl8

PR ESENT, PAST, and

FUTU~ B

each nf which may

fubdivided into OUINIU

aOO

tNDEFiHITI. The

.J!lni¡.