1000000030

.n'1l1uTI be

ackno"ledged, that thefe two é1.IT.s

r/ords

...re

1'0

nearly allied to ooe anolber, that it is diRieuh

.flemiD, in

all

cafc.\,

Ibe .precife boundary belll/ecQ

'them.

ll~fides

lbefe, Ihere Ire othar "ords which fometimes

aITume'lhe provioa: of !prODouns, and are

geDer~lly

COA'

6dmd

beloDging

this clafs, although

",auy caf.,

-improperly; fuch

.s,

TIf.IS

,THAT,

AN.V,

.,OME, THEU,

"HOsa, AUL, and Come olhers.; whieh

ma.y

called

i",–

¡ropa

pronouns. Todifiinguint wben theymay be.confide(·

cd as pronouns, we Olay obCerve, Ih¡t \l/hen they

~and

1hemCelvts. and Cupply Ihe

place.of

aooun, as \Vhen weJa}',

1'H

viril/e, give me

'THAT, Ihen are they pronou.!.

:nUI \Vhen Ihe.y are aJl'ociated to fome

no~n,

as when

Jay, TH rs HABn'

vi,'lue,

or THAT HAN

tk[Nludtd

I~t .;

then, as Ihey do nOI fupply

Ihe place

o( a noun, hut

'IInly feeve io

afterlain

one, Ihcy

Cal!

ralher under 'Ihe

{peci. s of

dtfinilivo,

t1rlicltl,

And ind,cd' il nJufllre

confdTed, 'Ihal theCe, as \I/.cll

.IIS

Ihe polTefii.e pronouol,

are more'properly adapled

define and arcemin indivi·

duals among nOUIII,

Ih~n

'fupply Ihcír

pl.ce.

; antl

.dtcrefore are oflener

.be coofidered al anieJes Iban

lIS

frooouns. The bea rule to dlfiioguifh IIIhen they

;,re

be confidered

Ihe one or lite olher, is.this. The ge·

lluine PlOHOUN

lI/waJl fldl/dl

itft/[.

aH'uming the

1'0\vcr

I/OVN, and fupplying it.

plact,

TIe

ge–

f1UiDe UTICL!

never flandl

ilft/[.

hut appears

JlII

times

a./focíaled l. follltlhing elfo,

requiring a OOUD

ior

itE fupporl, as much as

allribulivn

lI(ijdJivn. .

The three orders of pronouns a1ready meotioned,

ma~

called

prtp?filwe

¡,h'ecaufe Ihey

ate

ca,pable of introdu·

~og

or leading a fectence, ""ithout haviog reference 'to

lUIy

thing previous. Bot there is anorher order of pro–

Itouns which caD Dever be employed but tO

cQ/lmfl

Ce~

terrees, and mua therefore a1WGys bne

refereoce tO

fome feDtence Ihat precedC'l themj as, IVHO,

W.HI.cH,

WHAT. Tbe Dature

II/hich may be explaiDed as fol–

tows.

SuppoCe

fay, -LtGHT

hoJ);

'LIGHT

mOOtJ

'Wilh

Iml "Itril);

theCe would apparently be t\Vo difiiDé!

{entences. But if, iDfiead ofthe fecood 'LIGHT, Il1/ere

lO place Ihe prepofitive proooun IT, aod Cay, L'IC1fT

j¡

~.dJ,

mll1lfJ

wilh grea/ celeri,,;

the fentences woula

ílill

be di!liné!, and IWO. But if

add a

conneEJioe

(.,

for cumple A'NJl) fayiqg, :LIOH'"

j¡

bod),

ANO .IT

""WJ

'Wilh grtal

~eltril);

then, by connedioo, máke

,he two inro

one.

Now it

in /ht uniled

,D'VJrrJ

~",ntflive

ud anDlhfT pronoun,

thu we may fee the

force and charaéler of tbe prooouD bece treated of.

roe:

if, innead of the words AN o

we Cubllitute T·H

A'I'

'WHICH; fayiDg,

LIC.HT

hcd)

\VHrCH

mOWJ

wir6

grW celtril);

.the CeDtence aill retains its

UQi/.J,

and

becomes, if'po(6ble, more compaé! than before. We

may

therefore call this prODoun rhe 'SUIIVNCTIVS; becaufe

~noOt

introduce an origiDaI CeDteoce, but onlf fervet

10 {IIAjoifl DI/e l. foil/e olhrr which ii ¡"viou/.

The applicarioD of this

jubjun(five,

~Ike

tbe olher

¡U-0·

1I0un" is uoiverf.l.

may he 1he fubf!itule of a11 kiodt

of rubfiaDlivea, 'oatural, arti6cial, or abaraa; geoeral,

(pecid, or particular:

for

we may fay,

1ne

rIlall wh.,

aheJhlp ",Mch¡ Alt:randrr wh., "ir/ut 'Wbich,

&c. Nay,

V.oL

No.

57.

'IA

ll,

73n

ir ma.y .efen 'be the fubnirute of 411

'o/her

"=0009'

aod ·js tberefore .of courCe exprellive of all

th~

.rhree pno,

.fons, Thu.s we fay,

·1

\VHO

M1U

wrile:,

ToHOU WHO

,n01¡l

"oJ'./I;

In WHO

nll'UJ hearolh,

tc.t.

And thus tll<!

SUlI)U'IICTIV8 is rruly

pronoun

from i,,"

[u lflilulion,

tber.e being no Cubfiantive e«ifiing ,io whoCe

pla~e

m~y

oot fiando At Ihe

f.me

time il

éE~oti~lIy diílin~

dilh.ed

from

:~e

other proDouos hy .tlti, panicular, thal

Dar

oply

[ubjlilule,

butdilr.:wife

conn.tl

Vt.

Asto the accideDII of this proooa:t: From its perform

ing the part of a coooeéli.e, it of courCe folloll/s, thu

neilber

grnder

nor

'Rum6tr

can bt coofidere.d al etremia!

It·; becaufe tb& are always exprclfcd in Ihe'prece.ding

part!

tbe fentem:e

which ir reEers ; oor do we iD

faél fiod, ·tbat thil proooun,

leall in modern languages,

~mits

of aDy diltioé!ioo toodc•.ote

l/u1ltórr,

a1though .the

Englilh laaguage Idmirs

ooe ...ariation (or the

gendlr~

as w.e employ "'HOfor Ihe

maftulifl~

aod

[MlÍlline,

aoll

WH teH for Ibe

fltNler

geDd~r,

(hu.s:

rht

",on,

.Ik

""oman

W,ll o

wtRl

Rome¡ Ihe

TitE

which flalJdl

JfI

)lnder plain, 6c.

Ir likclllife

~mir,

of a valialion filhi·

lar

that of Ihe accufative cafe; al leaa when applied ro

males or females. Far \Vhen the objta whieh it repre·

fents

Ihe eRleient eaufe of IlIion, it i,

11'"0;

as,

1t4

mlZn

\l/H\()

["1,

&0,;

but when it is Ihe pa(6ve [ubjel!,

it theD , io certaio circumnances, takeo the form

.of

\11"

O";

as,

Ihe man",[

W,H.o '"

[peaL

although

mis

Í4

nOI uníverCal; as we lik.ewi(e

[¡y,

Iht

,,,,m

'WHO

'WIH

6talm.

But the "euter admits of

Cu,h difiinélions, ..

we equally

Cay,

Ihe

1,..(.

WHIOR

fi",

16, 1m

"""

I.oH

!pDi,.

But hOlh of thefe admit of a vari2-

tion ro deno'C polTe/Tron or qualilies, which is tbe word

WHOSE for all genders, Thul, lile faYI

80"41"

\l/Hon

onl] flud) wa/

vir/~'i

Eliz.htlh

WHOSi

rtign

'UJQJ

g/~

'¡(JUl.

To eonelude:

hafe feen thar fubfiantivcs are eitht'\'

primal')

juondal'};

or, io other \!Iords, NOUNI

cJr

'RONOU Ne , The NOU N6 deoote fubllaoces, eilher

nI"

lural, arlifitial,

al¡f1ran

aod

lhefe.eitber

'ltntFtlL,

¡ptcíal,

parlicular,

The 'RONUINI, their fub(litutet,

are either

,re,

?filive.or

ju/¡junfli"t :

the PlB'OSlTr vt

i, difriqguifhed into three orders, called the

firfl,

jt–

cond,

lod me

¡hird

perfoO! : the su aJu

NC-T·,n

ill–

dudes

tbe powers of ¡lIrhe three,

having[u/,lraddtd,

il! 0"'0, Ihe peGuliar fO(cc of

cooneélive.

H A P TER

Oí

ATT R1BUTI VES.

all attributives mull eilher be 'C1tpretlive of the

:n0

iributes

Of1UBSTA~CBS,

or of ollrer ATTRIBU1'ES,

"'e

divide Ihis claCs ioro l

Wfi

kinds; calling thoCe of the fir(l–

kiod. A:TTkHUTI\'BSof the'vIRsT OkDER ; and Iho(e

~he

fecood kiod, 'T'I RIBUTlVE! of tbe se-CONO·OUIl.

Se&ion

Attribntives

t6, Firfl Ordrr.

A:ttributives are all thofe

pri~tipal

wOtds Ihat denOlt

,,"rihu/tl

confidered as attribules. Such, for eKamplQ,

are