1000000030

' A

,¡ir!lIll, lenjn

are thofe 'whcre ·the particular in(Jant of

l :me, \\ hether prefeot, pal!, o, future, is poin'ed out. The

in.f,ji.,it(

are thufe where pa(J. prerent. or future time is

indicated io general. ",ithou! coofining it to a pmicular

inllant in

eith~r

of thefe clfes. Thcfe have beendinio.

guifhed among grammarians I>y the name of AOR

lSTS.–

Thus wheo M,hoo

m.Jm

.o\dam fay.

737

aJJy employed in tha! particular occupatilln. This inOarn

is generally fixeo by fOlOecollmr.1 clrcurnllance; as," upun

thetwentrelhdayof AuguUlafl, al

o'c1ock.l'Wlll'UJrt–

ling;':

oro " "hen the lhunder broke epon ¡he tower in

my oelghbourhood.

1'UJt11 'UJriling."&c.

And the (ame

may be faid of fUlure ¡ime.;

QS,

"tO morrow at ten

?'c1oc~

l /hall be 'Wliling."&c.

In all of which cafes i!

~s obv~ous.

that a.

pani~ular

no"".or inflant

i, pointed out.

Mil/iont

fpirilunl ereoluru

WA:LR

.th, (arlh.

Un/un, hOlh 'UJhm

'W'

'UJd~,

and 'UJhm

1U(

ji,,;.

~he

rcrb W'ALK means not thu tbey "'ere walking at that

Inftant ooly wheo Adam fpoke. but

indtji,lÍtd,

io ally

iO(ldot ,,·hatever. So .likewife. II'heo the fame autOOr

calls bypocn(y,

Ihun" roil 'IJlhieh

WAL

lnvijihl, aupt lo Cod olon,.

lhe verb WALRS has the like aori(lical fignification.

WENT,

h('fE

LL. are

ooriJh

of the p. (I. as they

oot

fpeci(y any particular in(lant, but refer to pan lime in ge·

oeral. So likewife iD the leginative fenlC3ces.

Ihou/ho/t

not

W/,

thou /holt nol }hal, &c

the fame aorillical

meaning i. perceived, as the prohibition does not relate

.oy

portieu/or lillle future.

but is exteoded iodefioite·

Iy to

(verl time

/ul.re

But it is not (ufficient for a language 'to denote lime

jn this iodefioite manoer: it is oeceffary likewife that ít

fhould be capable offpeci(ying any panicular in(lant of time

ao eutl andde60itemaoner. Thus. if. iofleadofthe word

WA.LK

io lhe 6r(J feotence aboye quoted. we lI'ere to pUt

AH WALKINC. it brings dowo the verb to dcnote a par·

ticular time. and fpecifies Ihat thefe

!piritua/ ereolum

are. at that very

inflont

'ia which Adam fpeaks. walking

upoo the eanh uafeea. lo Jike manner. iD the fecood feo·

teace. if·the wo,d W'ALRS were chaoged to

WALKtNC.

it deDotes. tbat hypocrify. at that

particular illJlanl

""hich the feoteoce was prooounced. was walking invi·

flble upoa the earth. And iD the fame manner. WA'

WALKINC. or WILL

WALRINC. each of them de·

note. that thefe eoergies

'UJere

'UJi/l

exened at a

particular fpecified time. T hefe. there(ore. form fo many

dillioél de6nite teofes. uoder whuever

te~hoical

aame

thefe may be known.

Here then we

f~e

the ufe of.that diflintlion of the .dif·

[erent nates of the verbo iato the

I/erb

proper" jo cal/ed,

and particip/II.

Forasthe verbilfelf exhibitS the word as

alrogelher

indejinile;

",heo lhis is joineo to its proprr e·

nergizer. it formsalllhefe !

DEF! N I

TENSES which

our bnguage requires. Thus.

'Wrile.

did 'UJrile. 1

'WiII 'UJrite.

.no} 'UJrit"

can 'UJrite, &c.

each of

Ihem. although they reprefent the attribute as united to

Ihe entrgizer in fome

!,oJl, prefrnt.

//llur<

time, do

not (pecify any particular inllan!, and are therefore (o ma·

ny aori(Js or indef.nitc ttnfes. Whereas in the

parlicipl,

the attribule is repr&nted as io a flate of exertion. it

oecerrdtily folJows, Ihat if it be ever united to ils enero

gizor. il mu(l point out the particular in!lant when thu

uni"n taok effetl. and o( confequence (urm as gre.t a

nriety of DEFlN ITE TENSES as the verb forms of in·

definite. Thus,

lanl 'UJriti"l:,

ncceffar:Jy implics that

am atlually exerting Ihis particular cnergy at Ihc

''''1

ínJlanl

that

declare it. So li!:ewife if

fay

I ,ual

.,,,iting,

it indicms. that at one

parti"dor infla"t

pa!l duralion. tO which this has a referencc.

was aélu·

VOL .

JI.

No.

57.

In whlch .the artnbute .IS reprefented os uniled to its pro.

per e?erglzer. We mlght here proceed ·to-/helV the vario

ous limes that eacb of lhcfe diff<rent (J.les of the ve,b

might he made .to indicale ; the number of

Imju

rb:n

each mode admmed af; the feveraJ changes that might

.product~

by joining tbe

pnrlicip/.

,"pa

wilh any

obJ:él ;. whlch cannot be here -called lhe

en"giur.

bu!

theful'jrt/;

(or as ,the energy is by this participJe repre.

feOled al compJemd. if it has aoy connetlion ",ilh afloy

perfon, as the amibu:e caonot be affeéled by any energi.

zer after it i, compJealcd, it mufl of neceffity a[etl the

per(on. inflcad of being affetled by it; and.hence it i9

~bat

¡he feveral variations produced by lhis participle

perfetl have been callcd the PASS! vE vo rCE of the verbo

But as

~JJ

thefe paniculars only relale to Ihe coaflruélion

of one panicular Ianguage. it would lead

u.!

a greardeaJ

too [ar from Ihe particular fubjel! of ",hich this miele

treats. We !hall therefore only obrcrve. lhat be.

fides tbe above varialions of the verh, whieh tire Greeks

and Romaas have Ihought proper

make. the terms

which we bave adopted; dIere are rmny orhers that

they migh! with equal prapriety ·have made, OOt whieh

they ¡¡ther chofe to exprefs by the help of olher words

caIJed

adveró¡'

But fome other laaguages have gone furo

Jher in Ihis refpetl. and eodowed their verbal word ",ilb

fever, l va,iations to exprefs feveral other circumflance.

than they do.

This.is

particularly the cafe with Ihe He.

brew language, which. befides the varialion for gender a·

bove mentioned. has alJotled cenain other variations of

its verb to exprefs feveral other circumflances. Thus.

PA KAD in that language figoifies

vijited;

EDA,

jiu

vijiled. &e.

1'IKr:ED,

¿,

vijiteJdi/igtnt/)';

HEPHKED.•

he Inodehim vijil;

and HETHPEKED.

vijileli himfilf.

In this manner is every verb in tlrat language varied ; and

each of thefe .different conjugations of their verb ad·

mits of a particular variation for the pallive of fach -

Hence. therefore, theconjugalion of a verb in that Jan·

guage.admils of a great many variariollS which neilher

the Greeks nor Romans were acquaiOled /Jith: for be·

fides the diflintliotJ5 .of

1/lodu,

t..

!:"

p.,(on¡,

ano

numo

b".

lhey have dil'ided their ·rerb into io many d (Jinc'l

diviúons ta anfwer fonhefedinintlions a!>ove nrentioaed\

which rhey have denominaled KAL,

HEL, HIPHI L, anel

HI THPAHEL. with their pallivcs NIPIIH, PUHAL, anel

HOPIIAL; eachof which adOlils of vari' lions t1rrollgh

, 11

¡he

modu,

lenju,

p"(0111, "u/llb,,,,

and-gwrl,,, which

any of Iht:ir ·vtrbs admit of.

The only ufe which wc meant

Olake

~lefe

obfel··

\'ations on theHebrew .verbs, is Ihis: T lrat as the aurhors,

wlro havc forrned .lheir idea of grammar Crom the fOtlllS

which thc fcvaal parts of

fp~cch

adm;t of in the

Cr,'á

and Latin I,r.guages.

h.ve

(upp<rf"d lh:n e"cry n riaticn

which thefe IJngu'gcs .dnlittcd of \'las

nalural

ancl l,~.

cefi.ry

pan of

I.ln;

:uage ; anJ lhal

lh~,c(ure

ev, ry la,·

gungc Irhich

dij

n~t

aomit o( lhe (¡'me number

01' \'.11 101·

7 Z

tiu",.