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oí parehmenl, and IVhen dry, is ~il'en to the IVeal'CrS,
\\'ho n:' Jnt it on the 100m.
The warp thus mouoted, the weal'crs, who are tIVO
to eaeh loolll, one 00 eaeh (ide, t1 ~ad alt<nwdy 00
the treddle, firfl 00 the rigllt flep, and then on the
le(t, whieh raifes and 10IVers.the threads of the warp
equ.lly ; betweeo whieh they throw traofverfely the
fhuttle (rom Ule ooe 10 the other : and every time
that the Oluttle is thus lhrowo , aod a Ihread o( the
woof iofened Wilhiothe IVarp, they fl ,ike it eoojuoét.
Iy wilh the fame (rame, wherein is (afleoed the eomb
or reed, uetweeo whofe leelh the Ihreads o( Ihe warp
are pa(r~J, repeatiog the {lroke as o(tcn as is oe·
ee(fary.
Th. weavers having eontinued lheir work liUthe
IVhole IVarp is fiUed with the IVoof, lhe clolh i~ fi ·
lIifhcd; it is lhen laken off the 100m by unroUiog it
(rom the beam whereon it had beeo rolled in propor·
Iioo as it 113S wove; aod now giveo tO be cleaofed of
I"e kl;OIS, ends of threaJs, tlraws, and other fihh,
whieh is done with iron nippers. I
lo lh,s eoodilioo it is euried 10 the fullery, to be
feou red with urioe, or a kiod o( pomr's clay, IVeU
tleeped io waler, pUt aloog wilh the cloth io the
trough IVhereio it is fuUed . "I:he clolh beiog aga,"
cleared (rom the eanh or urioe, is reluroed' to the
former haods to hare the le(fer fihh, fmaUflraws, 6c ,
taken off as before: theo il is relurned lO the fuUer 10
be beat and fuU ed wilh hOI water, whereio a fuitable
quantilYof foap has beeo diffolved; a(ler fuUing, il
is tah n out to be (moothed, or pulled by the litis
kngthwife, to t ke out lhe wriokles, ereviees, 6c.
The fmoothiog is repeated every t\Vo hours, till lhe
fuUing be fin iOled, arod the cloth brouglll lOils p'ro·
per b,eadth: after whieh it is wafhed io clear water,
tu purge it o( the foap, and giveo IVet tOti! wders
10 rlile the hair or Ildp on the ritht fide with lbe
t!,i!lle or weed, After this preparatioo the clolh·
worker lakes the cloth, aod gives il its fi rn eUl or
(hearin~: theo the earders refume il, and after wet·
ting, give it as Olaoy more eourfes with Ihe teazle, as
the qualily o( the {lufT requires, alIVays ob(erviog tO
"esin agaio{l the graio o( the hair, aod 10 end IVith
it ; ., ,.1(0 to begin wilh a (moolher thiflle, proeeed.
ing {liU wilh ooe Omper and fharper, as far as the
fix lh degree.
Afler Ih& operations, the cloth being dried, is
returned to the cluth worker, who fheers it a (e·
et:nd time, and returlls it tO the earder~, who re·
ptat their op!!mion as b:fole, tiU the nap be weU
r an~ed on tlle (urfaee of the clolh, fron~ one end of
the picee 10 th~ other.
The clolh thus \'Jove, feou red, oapped, and fhorn,
is fem tOthe tlyor; "hen d)"ed, it is 1'I•.n:cd io fdir
, Jlld the wOlk. r tJkes it ag~in "'et as il is, lays
Ih, r,ap ",ith a br"~1 t n the l.ble, an.1 hang$ it UII
the :"0:.:r5, wilelc it i, Ilretehed bOlh in length and
f'líii"itruiy to fmoud. it, f..t it lqu.trc, ancl
L,"rlg It IU ils proper tlimen , wilhout flrdioing it
100 "'Jeh; obf~rl"i~r. 10 bruf]¡ 11 afrLfh . Ihe w.y uf
,he n~rJ \\'~.il; ro !i:t1c loc¡ll ~ en Ih~ t ',lL f1.
When quite dry, lhe c10th is I~keo ofT the tCOIers
and bruO,cd again ?n t~e. table, 10 fioifh the laying of
the nal' ; a(ter wllleh 11 ISfolded, and laid eold under
a pr e(s, 10 make it perfeélly fmoolh aod even, aod
gil'e it a glo(s.
Laflly, the clolh bcing takeo out of the prefs, and
the p:pers, 6c. (or nloffing il remol'ed, it is io a
eondition for fale or ufe. Wilh regarel to the maou.
f.~lure o( mixt clolhs, or tho(e wherein the 1V001s are
fi dl dyed, and then mixl, fpun ~nd 1V0ve of the eo.
lours intended, the proee/s, exeept what rel. tes tO
the eoluur, is mo{\ly the (ame IVith that jull repre.
fented.
CLOUD, a eoUrélion of vapours fu(pended in lhe atmo.
fphere. See PN EUMAT ICS.
CLOVE TREE, in bOlany. See CU YOP HYL LUS.
CLon, a lerm ufed ioweights of wool. Seven pounds
make a clove.
In E(fex, eight pounds of ehee(e and buuer go 10
the clove.
CL OVE JU LY·FLOWER. See CARYOPHYLLU S,
CLOVER,cRAs s, in botaoy. See T kIFoLl uM,
CLOYNE, a eity and bifhop 's fee of Ireland, in th.
eount)' of Cork, and provlOee of Munller, about fif.
tecn miles eafl of COlk : W. long. 8°, alld N. Jat,
5I o 40"
CLUPEA, or herring, in iehthyology, a genus belong.
iug tOthe order of abdomin.les. The upper jaw is
fu rnifhed with a (errated myflaehe ; the branehioflege
membrane has eigh! rays; a fealy (erraled line ruos
aloog the belly from the head tO the lail ; aod the
belly.fins have frequendy nine rays, There. are 11
fpecies, viz.
l . The harengus, or eC>Olmon hcrring, has no (pOIS,
aod the under jdW is longer dMn the upper one. A
herrin¡; dies immeJi>tdy dfter i! is taken oUt of the
w~!er, whenee the prol"erb .rifes, Al dcad al a h,,.·
ring. T he AeOI is e"ery where in great efleem, be·
iog fa l, fofl, and delicate, e(peeially if il is dretl as
(000 as eaught ; for then it is ineomparably beu,,'
thao on the neXl day. 'fhere are vafl qUdotitics of
thefe fifll lakeo, fahed, (moak·dried, and conluOled
aU over Europe. T hey make a progrefs ever)' year
from the feas near the nonh o( Seodaod, into th~ Bri·
tiOI ch~nncl, comiug in purfuit of worms aod (maU
fifh, whieh at thal lime abound there, There is alfo
plenty near orway aod Oc.,llark, (romwhenee they
proeeed aunually as far as the eoafl of ormandy.
The hm ing·fiOlery is begun bOlh by Ihe EngliO.
and Dute!1 towards the Ial er end of June; andlhe
Dutlh alooe employ uo Hs than one Ihoufand fhips
Ihflein, called bnflcs, (rom ,e to r.xty tun
caeh. T he ueO time for eatehing herriogs is from the
1m.·, f O" of S'ptcmher. to the lauer end o( Onober ;
2nd Ihe uets thlY mal e ufe or, are about tll'enty fi,e
)"Jlds IIIng, and lil'~ de, p. They ((l1ICrimes f.llen fo
OIany of thUe ne s tC¡,uher, as "ill ta~e in a mile in
C"mpd(s. They judge "hm the hurings Ilc by the
hUIel ing dnd Dlolionof Ihe (ca·bi rds, wh,eh eootinually
pur(ue Ihem, in expe,~"ion of prey. The fifhcrmeo
row very ¡;ently aloog, letting tb, net~ ir,to lI,e
fea,