1000000030

CLAUSE, in grammar, ¿enotes a member o[ a period,

or fcntence.

CL AU

ri~nifies

alCo an

articl~,

or paniculH f1i pulation

in aCOntl,lét, a charge or condition in a tellamenl,

~.'.

CLAUSENIlURG, a large cilyof

Tranfilva~ia,

li,u·

ateo on the river Samos, about filty-live milés nonh–

I'Icll of I-Icrmanflat : E, long.

20° 50',

N. lal. 47°

10'.

CI,,\ VUS, in antiquity, an ornamenl upon the robes of

lhe Rom.n fenalors and knights, which was more or

le(s bload, rlccording to the dignity of the perfon :

hcn~e

the dinioétion of tunica augulli .cI.via and lati–

cla"i:, .

Cuvus, in medicine and furgery, is ufed in (everal fig.

nifimions: {, Clavus hyflericus, is a Ihooting paio

in the head, belween the pericraniumand cranium,

which affeéls fu ch as have the green.fiánefs,

2 .

Cla–

vus oeulorum, according lO Cel(us, is a callous

lub~r

ele on lhe while of the cye, taking ilS denomination

[rom its

fi~u re.

3. Clavns imporlS indurattd IUber–

cles

01'

the uterus. 4. Clavus impollS a chirurg,cal

infl runrent of gold, menlioned by Amatus Lufitaous,

deligned tO be introduced inlo ao exulcerated palate,

:or the better articulation of the voice. 5. CI.vus is

a callus or corn on lhe fool.

CLA

IV,

among zoologifls, denotes the Iharp.pointed

nails with which the

of cemin quadrupeds aod

birds are furoilhed.

Crab',

CLAWS, in pharmacy, See CRAB'S CLAWS.

CLAY, in oatural I¡illory, a genus of earths, lhe cha–

raélers of which are thefe: they are firmly coherent,

wciglny, and compaét; lIiff, vifcid, antl duétile to a

great degree , while moifl; (mooth

the touch, not

eafily breaking belween the fingers, oor readily diITu–

fible in water, and when mixed not readily fubliding

(rom il

CLAYTONIA, in botany, a genus of the penlandria

monogynia clafs. The calix confi ns of two valves ;

lhe corolla has five petals; the lIigma is trifid; and

Ihe capfule has three valves, and contains three feeds.

The fpecies are twO, none of Ihem nalives of Hrilain.

C.p.

CLEAR, a promonlOry in a li!lle ifland on Ihe

foulh·well coall of Ireland .

CLEAVERS, io bOlany. See CALL'UM.

CLERU RY, a markel·tOWn of Shroplhire, about 25

miles fOUlh·eafl of Shrewlbury :

long.

2°

30', and

N. lal. 51 ° 27'.

CLECHE, in heraldry, a kind of croCs, charged wilh

anolher cro(s of lhe (ame figure, bllt of lhe colour of

the field. See Plm LXV. Gg. 6.

CLEDGE, aOlong o,iners, denotes the upper IIralum of

fulle'-s eanh.

CLEF, or CL!

Fr,

in muflc, a mark fel at lhe bcgin–

ning of Ihe lines of a (ong, whid, lhews ,he

tnn~

key in which Ihe piece is to

bc~in ;

or il is a leller

m" ked on anv line, which rxplains lhe rell.

CLEIDOMASTO lDEUS, in ar,atomy. SCt Vol.

p. 2'5·

Cl.r.M .-\ , in anliquily, a twigof the vine, which Cem d

as Ihe h,dr,e nf a cenlurion's oiliee,

CLHI.'.TIS, io botan y, a gcnus o[ the polyaodrta pu-

L E

Iy&y"ia

<:I:,r.,.

has no calix ; the pc:a;s

ar~

four'

and

till

C"eds are eaudalec!. Thcreare twdve fpecics:

none of Ihelll n,tlives ot

Bril.in

CLECME, in botany, a genlls nf planls beLoging lO

lhe relradynanua

¡'I'q~lofa

clafs.

has tlnee nedJri–

fcrous glands, one al cad, fin us of Ihe c.,ii", exeepurog

Ihe lowdl, Ihe filiqlla

pod has

111 0

I'ahes and olle

cell. Therc are Hteen fpecics, none of themnatl\'es

of nrilain.

CLEI'SYDR.'\, a wmr·clIJek, or innrument to meafure

lime by the fall of a C(rtdlO quantilYof water.

CLERG Y, a geoeral name given to Ihe body of eecleG.

aflics of the Chrillian church, in eonm.dillinéliun

the laity.

T he diOinélion of Chriflians into clergy and lailY,

\Vas da ived from Ihe Jewinl church, and aJopled into

the Ch"lIian by Ihe aponles IhemCelves: wheoever a–

ny number of conl'ens were made, as foon as they

were capable of being forined ioto a congrcgalion or

churcb, a b,lhop or prclhyler, wil h • deacon, \Vere or–

ddined lu minillet

them. Of the binlOpS, priens,

and deaeons, lhe clergy originally confilled; bUl i"

the third ceolury, mally infClior orders \Vere appoint–

ed, as fubfLrvicnl

the ollicc of ¿eacon, fueh as fub–

deacons, acolythins, readers,

ec.

B",.-} t

CL ERCV , is an ancienl pril'ilege, whereby

one in orders cla,nwi to be ddivered

his ordinary,

purge hilllfelCof felony: this purgalion IVas to be

by his ownoalh, afli rmlOg his innoeency, and the oalh

of Iwelve cOOlpurg<tors, as lO their belief of il, before

a jury of I\\'clve clerks : if the clerk failed in his pur–

galion, he was deprived of his charaéler, whereby he

bec,IOIe a mcre l'yOlan ; or he was lO he kept in pri–

f,,·, lill a pardon \\ as

o~laioed:

but if he purged him–

felf, he was fel al libeny.

CLERK, a word originally u(ed lO denote a learoed

man, or man of lellers; whence lhe terOl became ap'

propriattd tO chureh·men, who \Vere from lhence eal–

led clerks, or c1ergyOlen; the nobilily and gentry be–

ing ufually bred up

the exercik of arm!, and none

lefl but Iht ecclefiallies

culti,'ate the fciences.

CLE RK is alCo applied

fueh as by thei r couríe of life,

exercife their pens in any cour! or office, of whid,

there are varinus kinds: lhus,

CLER.

ofthr

¡",;/J,

an oflicer in Ihe coun of king's

bench, whoCe bllfine(s il is to file all bail.pieees takeo

in that COlln, where he always mends.

CL HK

th. cI",A,

an oflieer belonging the king's

COUrt, fo called, becau(e he has Ihe check and coo–

troulment of Ihe yeomeo thal belong to 'Ihe kiog,

quecn , or prince. He likew,ce, by himfelf or depu–

ty, fels the w:neh in Ihe court. Tbere is alfo an of–

hccr in th"

Il.JVY

01 Ihe fame name, belonglOg

the

king's yar"s.

CL ER K

Ih:

cro1un,

an ofliee r, io Ihe king's i>en.:h,

wh" CrJIIlCS, rcads, and rccords al! indiélmenls

agñlll!1

ofi't'Oders, tbere

ami~ned

or indiéled of any publi"

crilllt. He i. J

,kcw.cc

lermcd clerk of'lbe crown·of–

fiee, inwhich ea p"city he exl"hils inform lioos by or–

der

01'

Ihe coun, for Jiv<rs olfenccs.