1000000031

300

}llicc1 rr('lm cithcr fiJe, as chanee

lIr

occarional circum(bnccs

Jl1\y

dirl.él

, which occa(¡ons"thofc fudden

fhuríes

and

10(_

nridoes hefe

obfcr\ted.

Bdore \Ve take our leave of (his

r~l~jc..:l ,

n('c~{fJry

l o obft.rve. th:tt in lhe Bay uf

P Il'10 m:l,

th:.: wlnd:: bet wern

S,pirrnba

.nd

M arch

ar~

cartell!

bUl

(p1m

/J1t1rch

011

St'flt'1IJf¡u

th'"'y bloW' chit Ay fr uln Ihe

SS\~:

thal

¡s, du

f in!;

Ihe: wlOter munths. whde lhe fun is

(,Ir

frcm them, lhe

wlOd~

ilre off (hore ; and-during lhe fummer months, lhe

);,¡nd

'belOg

hea ted to a conGderable degree. t'hey are drawn

t\,.,~

ards

lhe

fh ore as

DflJa!.

l e

is remarkable. howt.!ver, that

this i$ ,he only pa n on che weft of a large

continent

whcre lhe

wind

¡hifn

regularly

ddFo;.'rent

reafons

whlch

feems to be

o~cilfiolled

(he grcat height of ,he

lflhmul

D aritn.

and

the T'erra FIrma tO

lht.!

ean of

it,

aod

lhe

oe~ rneCs

of tht!Cc to

t h\!

f«:a,

lñ con'lpanfun of the mouotains oe..r

OtlJin

lhe

fimil .trly I'ituiHed coalt of Africa; whicfl is greatly affi!led

lhe

deepllcfs of lhe

ba11

WhlCh, bybeoding

flJ

much

the

eanwHd from

C. L'Jrtn;;o.

is io

grt'at meA!ure Ccreened

from

the force of the fOUi h \'. inds. which al!ows lhe winter

breeze tO exteod ¡tCelf upan

th~

bly with more

f~cillty.

ought here alCo tO remark, thal along thc coaH of

/l1:xico.

bet\\'eeo

PelalJeo

and

Guali1llala,

there :¡re l.tnd winds

which blo", in !he months of

MaJ ,

June,

ano

JII IJ.

ealled

by !he

Sp.ni.rd,

P op.gaioJ,

They great ly refemble !he

SUlIlllto! t nla

winos in the

B 'IJ

Call1peachf.'

:loS they blow

both r.lght and ddy a modenue Ureel.e withoUf internll!lion,

fOmt'u01'!S' three or four d..lys or a week together,

But

t heCe blo\v froOl the land

jurmntr

only, whereas rhe

Sum-

11,o/rlll::l'1

blow ooly io winrer, they muH

occ;¡,(ioned by

dlíf.:rent caufe; which

f~ems

tO be this: As the continent

\Vhieh diVIde !he

¡Outh fea

from !he

DnJ

M<xi<o

and

Gulf

Hundurol,

is bm of very fmall

breadl ~,

and io

m~ny

pla('es very high ground . th e heat whlCh it receives fro:u

Ihe fun in

jU1/Jf1Ie:r

is oot fo great as on the fimilaf coan 'of

A fríc.l: dnd ..s the trfldc-wiod cOnling from

thr;grc'ol A llar.tic

oct!f¡o fweep9 i\luog (he eanern pan of the

A merican

coaft

fro;,l

C. SI

Augujlin~

tO the

B aJ

Hol1t/~ral

wilh very

great violence al rhat (eafon , Ihe fmall heat of Ihis narro'V

contir:cot, is

001

fuffi .:ieot

flop

entirely during that

fo;afoo;

that at Co:ne limes it blo\Vs for

a !hurt time

quite

acrClfs it, and occ"fions thore \viods callcd

P opogaiol_

Belid:-s thefe Qlore gl'ncraJ winds. tnere are likewife fome

particuldf winds which

are

only feh in pílrticul;u

pl~ces

certain times, whofe effc: ... 'ls .!fe Co fingular as lO merít ato

telion; fO'Tlt: of whi.:h we {lull herc:. take notice of. In Ihe

Cut{

.p ,

,ji::l.

Pdrlicularly at

Ormuz,

during Ihe A100ths

OI. JlIl)~

and

July ,

lhcre fOOl.:times blo\Vs fr()'o the wt:n,

for a day or t\Yo logether, a pOI fuffocating liery wind ,

which rcorches up and deftroys any animal that may be

ex?",Ccd tO it ; for which reafon, almon every body h:ave

tli'!lf h..bi[,uions at

Ormu?

during

th~re

two moochs. and

retIre

10 Ihe:

mountoins near

S chir(u

P uJia,'

where lhey

caj )ya more comfort:loble d :mate. T o explai n the cauCe

o[ Wh1Ch

it is nece(f,.¡ry

obrerve. that along all [he coans

o(Aji'"f,

the

nonh of Ihe

l ndian

oc~an,

Ihe

diurna l fea

2nd

lan'ti

tre(z~s

t.t!(e place, as in every pan of the torrid

z ; r.e;

mca03

of WhlCh

the monfoons are

001

feh clofe in

" pelO lhe (hores. HUI as Ihe monfoon contlnues to blow

r.gularlyat a flD.1I difianee from (hore, fo in

. 11

prob.bili!y

continu:s its cQuife wil

ho.lt

intcrrup!:o n

a fmal l dif,

t.m:\! aO:Jvc lhe Curfdce cf the e.Hth . Now when' lhe 0100 ,

r OO!1

isiD ilO gr:ald! vigour, ils

iafl~en~:

will fo m!limes d;-

fcend even as low as the Curfac!! of Ihe carth. and, ¡nter.

luptln~

the courfe or the

brrC'z~/.

hurry ?.long wilh ir there

\'1.101

vapaurs \\hich

(lu;!.ht

tohave ..

Jc~nJed

upward" aod

froJucld the C..Ilolary

fC<t,br~czt

dod as

dl«:

eanh is thus

depn\lC'd uf Ihe rcl rdlung iollut:m::e: and mOlllu r\.' of the f...

i\.

brec:ze. Ihc",.¡i r, by Ihe Hrong n:verberatlon o( the fun.beams

froin fuch dry and falloy cuuotries a!l

Arahia

mnlt

fOOQ

be hc:ated to an anla.zlOg dcgrcc. and produce thefe hot and

(ufFocattng winds.

is ¡llo rem,¡,(kablc. tIJac thele' hot

\.1,

inds are mO,'e oflen expc'lenccd near he='llLands

where

the

fea, brec:z·~s

are wc<tkdt, whi

f~ems

conhrm this

hypo!hefi, Wihds {imil.,

!hef< in k,nd, dlOugh no! in de–

gr-ee, ¡¡re fdt upon lhe co.tll of

Corf.JllIal1dd

during lhe n10nths

]une,

T'"

anJ

A"g"(/.

whlle !he

'Wrjl

monfvon "'gns,

aod on lhe:

frIa/abar

co,d1 they are likew,fc: fdt

10-

the

monlhs of

D rc! mhtr

and

JanuarJ'

\\ hilt:

rhe~ajl

O1onfoon

relgns ; but thtre are much lefs powcrtul th.m tither

Ihe olhers. As thcfe. hot WlOds alwa)'s

CO'1lC

(ro:n Ihe

1.lnd, they are;: koown upon {hefe coan; by (be Dame of

T~rrc

110'1.

ha!! Jikewife beeo obrerved, that on Ihe coa

A/rieQ

lhe north of

r..

Vade.

dUflng the.months of

¡jec~m!ur,

Ja·

lJuar)',

and

Feb, uarJj

t1H:re

101lleu01«:S

blows. for

day or

two logetlfer. ao

c"jla/y

wind . fo very Intenrely cold as to

be :tlmon ó\s deHruébve as

lh\."

warm w10ds al

Ormf1Z~

have already in lome meafure explained ¡he caure: of thit

pht nOO1enon. D uring theCe O1nnths, when·the fun is fu

from Ihem, his ¡nRueoce

Icfs feh than al olher feafons,

and the nonherly ·wind upon lhe cUl\fl

of courfe weaken ...

ed , infomuch lhat rhe cold produced by lhe mountains

the hean of the énuntry bdog now

jts greatelt dt:gree of

force, burfls its ufual confioement for a time. fprcading tO the

wel1 wlth gre.n violence, and producing thofe uocvrnmon

e{fd h already mentioned, T hofe who f..1 on !hefe coails.

d,lli "guifh Ihis particular wind by the name of

H erma/an.

TheCe are the prinCipal wiods, whether conllant or perio...

dicat,' thal take plclce within lhe

Iropi,,;

aod thus limpie are

their cau Ces.

Tb< fuccdlioo of fea and

I.nd

breeze. renders the T or–

rid

Zone

oOt only habitdble but com ortable,

Be~des,

thefe currents of cold air, rufhing from cach !ide of lhe

globe, and cd.rrying along Wilh

chem

vafl quantities of at¡ue·

ous vapours which they coliea from lhe .furface of tht'

earth io theíf courre, meet and oppofe one another at lhat!

pan of the alm.,Cphere whe,re lhe ¡ofluence of the fun i'l

greiu en

ill

the time, the water is there forced from

lhe

clouds

in fuch prodlgiol1s qllantities. as to prodUCe! a divel'íity of

feaCoos in the T orrid Zone, fomething fim llar ro wha.t is ex·

perienced in more temper,úe cljmates ;

wlt h

this ddference

however. th..tt

where.ls

, in temperate cltmafes. the

wdrme~

2nd moll comrortablc reafon is wheo the fun approaches

nearen

pap~ ridlculclr

tO them, in thefe w.t.rmer· chmates

the heavy rt\ins which

raJl

UpOD them at lhat feaCon mode ...

rates the heat, and prevents (he fun from having fuch

Oln

effd t–

other times;

that thei r coldcft

~nd

mofl ioconl1ant

weather, whi,h they caU

1,JiIJler,

is l.t that feafon. wheQ,

without lhis caufe, they wouJd be expofcd tO lhe

ruo's

mo~

powerful in'Ruence

We !hall only takc notice of

00<

o!her inllance o(

tb.

happy

df<éls produc<d on our

glo~e,

by !he Ilws of nature

with rerpea lO winds. W c have feen, lh,H in lhe great

AI–

lalJlic

~nd

Paciftc

oceaos, the trade_wind blows cooUdntl y

froOl

!h:

eafi,"/¡

poiu" 'hroughoul Ihe whole ye.r, fo !h."

llllp,