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l'OT-ASI'!' lk li,,' \·;ou, -aO,.. or cortain vcgo"bles. ured P OTOSI. a Cily or P oru io Soulh A nmie•• ~led .t
in th l! m,Aki r-g of gl.trs, rcap. &c. th~ bottom of ti. mouotain 01 that nanle. in whlch ís Ihe
'T he mcll",d 01 m:. king por.¡¡IJ¡ is ciiretled hy D r Sh;nv, richdl ¡ilver-mine evC. r dircovtred: W . long . 67° , S.
as r(IIJaU/s . BUrll" lltJantity or billet-wood tO grey afhes~ . 22" ,
and tdkinp. ren ral pounds of thele aOles, bol! thc.:11l in PO 1Ti'.R Y, Ihe manUrd.tl.urc of c:anhc:n ware, or the art of
W4\tcr . lO, as ro makc a very (lron); lixivlum , or Iye L .:t making l'arth n vcllt ls.
Ihis Iye be nr<tincJ th,-ough a ca:.. fe ti'len d oth, to keep T he whecl anJ lathe are the chier. and almoH Ihe on~
out ,.¡ny black pan s o: the: hl lf-bu rnr wood. Ih;::t mlght Iy in(l:ruments !J{eci In paltery lhe lirlt tor I.rge work,.
happt'n to rem~ in in (he afh t's: Ihen evaporate this (l r;un· and !he for fmall . T lle p'J[lec's w h~eI coofitls pnnci.
eel Iye in :\n iron_pan O\'er a quick fi re almoH to dnnefs: pally in (he nut; which is a bt am or axis, w hofe fOOI 0t
t hen I;¡ king out the mltter rcnuining :H the bottum, and pivot plil YS pl'rpenJh ulí\rl y on the Iree-none role o r bOl.
r uuing ir iota an iron-crucible . (el it in a flrong fire lIlI tom o F rom Ihe four corners of Ihis beam. whlch does noC
t he, IHau er is Olelted , and ,hen im01ediately pour il OUt exceed (wo fce! in ht'lght, Afi le four iron-bars. c.llc:'d Ih~
\ll-'0o ;¡n iron-plate, where ie (oon cools, . nd appea rs In fpokes of ¡he whcd . wlllch formlng diagon_al lines widl
t he {orm of a (,.,Jid IUOlp of pot-aUl. Much after this the beam. , and are hflcned al bottom te the
manner 15 pot-afh macle in tite lart e way o( bufine(s, for cdges of a Hrong wooden. c"e1e, {uur (eel io dlalRHer.
t he fervice of Ihe (oap-boller, gl. rs-maker, fu iler, 6c. pateéUy Ilke ¡he (dlocs or a cotleh.wncd, exctpt Ih., it
hUI accorJinc to the differcncc of the wood ar com- has neither aXIS nor r. dli , ~nd ia only jOlned lO Ihe beam
b uflible nlit'ter employed, wilh lhe manner or turning it. which rervcs it AS an axis by lhe ¡ron .bu s. 'rhe top of
a nd conduéting lhe procefs, ddferent kinds of pot. "fh are the ou t is flA.t, of ;t circular fi gure, and a foot in diame·
prt'pared , ter: and on tt11S is l:lld the clay which is to be: turned ':104
P OY,\TO E. in bOlany. See CONVOLVULUS. or which f.lhioneo. 1 he W oel, .h us dil po(od. i. encompalfed wlIh
il is a (pceil..s_ fo!:!r dlfferent plece:s of wood faHened on a wo'oden frame:.
POTENT , or POTI::NC E, in heraldry, a te:rm for a ki nd The hind plece, wh lch is that on whlch workman (¡IS, is
of a crors , whofe ends all termin:ue like the head of a made a IlI tI~ incllO,ng towards the wbed: 00 the fore ..
crulch. I I is otherwi re call~d (he J crufalcm crors, and plece are placed the prepared earth: ón the fide_
;5 , errerentt:d in Plate CXL V. fig 5, reUs his fee t; and t he fe are made indinlOg, to glve him
P OTEN flA, POWER, tb at where y a thing is capable more or lels room. Having prep..re:d the eanh , the potter
eithr r uC aBine:. or bci ng ~t1ed upon. lays a round pi\!ce ot il on the circular head of the nut;
P OTENTI .'\L. in ¡he (chools. i. uC<d lO deno,o ,nd die· ,nd fitting d..wn .u,n. ¡he whed WLlh hi. reO!, ¡ill i, has
tingudh a kind oCqualities, which are fuppofed to exifl gOl t he prope-r vdoclty: lben, wettlng his haods wittt
in (he body in potenti:l only. by which Ihey are capable water. he pre{f('s h s fin or his 6n&ers_t nds iota the mid.
in (ome mAnner of afTeéb ng and imrrefling on U! the ideas die of (he IUOlp. and thus form! th( cavity or the vdrd,
of fu h qll ¡Jilies, thongh nOI ~étua l'y inherent in Ihcm- cOOll nuiog tO wldea It Iro m the middle; and thus turo.
felves ; in which fcofe \Ve fay, potential heat, petcntial ing t he infide Into (orm wilh one hand , whde he propor.
cold_ tions Ih e oudide with Ihe otha., the wheel conlhntly turne
ing all t he while, and he weuIO& his hand, from time tO
time . When t he vdrel is tOO Ihick, he ures a flal pit:ce of
iron, (omewhat (harp 00 the edge, to pHe off Wh,H is re.
; ano whe:n It ¡, finilhed . it is takeD off ¡ro01 {he
circular hu el, by a wire pd.lTed underne:u h the: velTel.
P OTEN TI A L . in medirine. Cauteries aredi(linguifhed in –
t03étt1al'~nd potential. S ee CAUTERV .
P O T E NTI AL, i... grammu, an epuhe[ app!.ed te one oC the
moods of verbs , The poteotial is Ihe (ame in form wuh
t he (uhjunl'live. See GRA M MA It.. _
POTENl"1LLA . in bo,any. a genus or .he ico(and6a po.
Iygyoia cI.r,. The c.lix eonfiils or .on Cegoten", ,nd ,he
corolla of 6ve petal, ; the feeds are round , ni\ked, and
fi xed tO the rect:ptaele. There are 27 fpecies, 8 oC (hem
nativ( s of Britain.
T his planl is (aio 10 po(fefs in a great meafure the vir.
fuee:; of ti e peruvi.n bark .
'POTERIU 1. in bOl>ov. a genu. or ,he mono::cia poly–
a"dria clafs_ The calix of Ihe maJe con(jOs of (¡ve feg–
ments. that of the male has but one entire rough Ic;af.
N ellher of the:m have aoy ca ralla ; Ihe Hamina of the
maJe are: fr om five to ten; and Ihe Hyh of the are
from IWO to five; and (he fecd is (ingle and oval There
a re th ree fpet:ie" one o( \Vhich, VIZ. ,he fanguiforba,
or burnet. is ti.. n~t ivc oC Britai n.
'POTHOS, in bot> ny a geno, or ¡he gy. andria polyandrí.
c1~rs _ l~he fp:uha :lno fpadix are roundilhj it hdS no ca–
)IX; the cOfolla has (our petals; and the berry connins
many (eeds _ 'fhere: are: fcvcn fpecies, none o( them na·
tiveq of BIita.;n.
P O !'ION. a liqoid medicino. confining or a. mucb a. caD
be drank at one.uraughl.
The poner's liHhe is . 1(0 a klOd of wheel , but more fim·
pie ~nd (lLght than t he form e:r. 1ts three chief membera
are an íron_beam or .txis, three (eet and a half hlgh . aod
t\Vo feet OInd a h~1t diameter, placed horizontit lly al ,he
top of lhe beaOl, and fe, vine tO formlthe \'effd upon ; aDd
an01her Jarger wooden wheel, all of a ríece. thrt'c ¡nches
thlCk. and nvo or Ihree (eet brol\d, faltened tO the fam~
he,¡m a.t the bottom, and parallel tO (he: honzon. The
beam or axis tu rO! by a pivot a t Ihe bottom 10 an iron-fiand.
The workman gives Ihe motlon tO the I.uhe \Vllh hls fee t.
by puflung Ihe grea( whee:1 altcrna(ely wilh eaeh fool . Oin
giving It a greater or Itlfer degree 01 motlon, as hu work
requires. 'fhey work wil h Ihe I;u he. \dth the '-'me in:–
flruln f>nt! , and arter the fa me manncr as with (he whed .
The rnouldi ngs are forrncd by holdLng a piece o( wood or
íron Cut in Ihe fo nn of the moulding l a the vdrd. whde
Ihe wbeel is lurning round; but the feel . nd h~ ndle5 ar~
m:.de by lhcmfd \,c... . and fe[ on with the hanJ ~ and ir
t here be . n,. Iculpture in Ihe \Vork, jt is ufuJ.lly dODl', in
wooden moulds, and lIud .. on piece by piece 00 the: outllJe
oCIhe vc:n~ 1.
rOTTLE, an Ent l,lh me,(ure con,aioing "v~ qua",.
l'OU LTlty,