1000000031

M E T A P H Y S l

es.

re2rOO or lllis is, lhot lhe abOnél

id""

of mixerl modes

bl!ln~

mer.s voluntary

(omblOjuions

of fuch a precife col·

h~8ion

of limpie

Ít!(nJ.

we llave nothing elfe

rcfer our

ItlroJl

of mix cd moJt's as ftanduds

tO, bUl

the

ir/u"

lhofe who are IhouSh, ' o ufe oames io lhdr prop" ligni.

ficat iom¡ : and fo as our

id(aJ

cooform or difFer fram lhem,

,hey

paf~

for 'rue or f.lfe.

rhe

fUiJnrl,

When \Ve refer our

irl(IJ¡

to the re,,1

( xinence or lhing!l, none can be

termcd falfe

bUl

ou r

eomrlex

id,al

of fub(\aoces: for our fim ple

idtal

being

~ Dothlng

bUl perceplions in liS anfwerable la certain powers

In e«eroal objeéls, ,hei r trUlft confills in nOlhing bu, fuch

appc"ranccs as are produced in us (uitable

rhore powers:

omher do lhey become liable 'o lhe imputalioo of f.lfe·

hood, whethcr \Ve judge

rheCt

id(1l1

to be in (he tll1ngs

,hemfdvu. or

00:

for God having fe' Ihem as marks of

dlflinsuifhiog ,hinS" , h.. we may be able ' o difccrn one

thll"lg from anolher, and thcreby chufe lhem as we have

occalion .

allers

nOl

the nalure' of our limpie

id~al,

",he,her we lhink ,he

id",

6/11<

(for ioflance) 'o be in

,he viol.. i, rdf, or io ,he mind only: aod i,

equally

{rom Ihal appearance to be denominaled

blur.

whether it

be chal real colour. or only

peculiar' lexture in it

lhu

caufes

us th;u

id~a:

lince the name

hlu~

notes proper·

Iy no,hing bu, ,ha, mHk of d.rHnélion lha, is in a viole,.

difcernible only by O\l r eyes. wh..ever i, confin. in .

Neilher would our Gmple

idtal

.fa/f"

if by lhe dif.

{erenl Orullure o( our orc'aos ir were fo ordered,

dlC\t

(he

fame objea Ihould produce in feyeral men. minds dilf<ren,

Id,al

for ,hi. cO\lld never be known. fince objeéls \Vould

operate eoofl,ntly .fter ,he

f.me

manoer.

is mol! pro·

bable, oe..r.lhelcfs. ,ha, ,he

id,al

proc!uced by , he fa me

objeél:s in dlfTereot mens minds, are ver, oear aod

up·

difcernibly Ilke. N.mes, ot fimple

id,al

m.y be milap.

plied ; as aman, ignorant

the

EngliJh

tongue, may

. all

purp/" fcarld:

bu, lhis makes

falfehood in ,he

¡tita.

Complex

iduf

of modes <:'ODO' be falfe, in referenee

,he tlreoee of any ,hiog really exilltng; becaufe ,hey

hal'e no reference

íiny pallero exifhng, or made by

lu turc.

Our complex

id,al

o( fubllance., b';ng all referred 'o

pallero. in , hing'

,hemfd.~s,

may be falfe. They are

fo ,

,JI,

'Vhen louked upon as repref.n,a"oos of ,he YO'

koown .Ir, nce. of 'hings:

. dl;.

' Vheo ,hey pu, log«her

fimple

id,al

which in ,he «al exilleoce of lhings have DO

union; as in

centaur.

3d!y,

\Vhen from ::Iiny eolleélion

of fimple

id,al.

,ha, do always e"itl toge,her, ,bere i.

fep...",ed. by a direél oog..ion, .oy one Gmple

idea

which

¡,

eonrhntly joioed with lhem. T hus, ir from eXlenfioft,

folid i,y. r.xedoefs, m.lleableoef., fur.bili,y,

.oc.

we re·

move the colour oh(cr<ed in,. Id: If ,his

idea

be only

Id,

ou' of ,he complex ooe

g./d,

i, i.

be looked on

inadr:quate Olnd imperfeél. nlher than a falfe one ;

finee Ihou¡:h it COntalns

nOI

all tbe fimple

itlcal

Ihat are

unitcd

nalU~t

yet il

pUl!

Done togelher bUI wbat do

r..lly exill ,ogethet.

pon Ihe "holo, ur

id,al,

Ihey are confide,ed

the mlOd, c:ither in refere.nee to the proper figni6calion of

the,r names, or in rc(cTC:nce

me realit

o( Ihiogs, may

moro prtlperl be c.lled

rlg6/

'U'ro,,!

id,al,

ac rdiog

OL.

IIl.

71.

as ,hey

~gree

or dif.gree lo ,llore pattern! to which ,he

are reterred . .. The:

Id~al

lhal are In mens minds, fi",pl y

con(ideren, C:lnnot be wrong. unlefs

complcx idcal,

whercin ¡nconfinenl parts are jumbled losecher. AlJ

0 -

ther

idcal

are

Ihem(e!ves r¡ght, and the knowledge

a·

bout Ihem right and lrue knowlcd¡e.

D ot

\l·hen we

~ome

lO re(er them ro any

pattern~,

or archetypes, then they

are capable of being wrons, .' fH as ,hoy difagree wid.

fu ch arche'ype•.

O.f /ht aIocia/ion o.f idtal.

SOME

aur

id~al

have a nalural correrpondence and

eonneéti,Jn ene Wilh anmher:

¡s the office and cxcc1 ...

lency of our reafon to trace (hefe

and hold Ihem togelhcr

in that union and correfpondcnce which is founded in Ihcir

peculiar bríns!. Bdide, rhis, there ís anorher cooneélioD

id~al

\Yholly owing

ch"nce

cunoro

~ ld~al

Ihar

in lhemfelvcs are nOI

a l

all of kin, come

be {o unitcd

in fome meos minds, thar

is very hard lO Ccparatc Ihem ;

lhey .Iways keep company, and ,he ooe

0 0

fooner comes

imo the underChnding. bUI

its

alfociu e appears with

it ;

and

Ih ey are more than t\YO, the wholc gang ah'2ys

infeparably fhew Ihel)1fdvcs ,ogelher. :Y'his (!rong com–

bio31ion

idcP/)

not alhed by nature, the mlnd

mak.c:s

io i,felf ei,her voluo,an!y. or by chanee: And hence it

eOOles in diEaent men to be very difI'erenf, aceording tO

tbeir

ddf~renl

inclilla/ionl. educa/ionl, in/ere!"

&c.

Cullom feltle. habits of ,hinking iD ,he uod.erlland,ing, a.

welJ as of determining

Ihe wilJ, and of mOlions

Ihe

body; all which Ceem to be bUI traios of mOlion in

I~e

animal fpirits, which. once {el a going. continue on

the

fame nep. ,hey have been "fed 'o ; ",hich by oflen <read–

ing are worn into a fmoOlh path, and the motion in it be ...

comes e..fy, ann, as jI were. natural. As (ar as we ca"

co1mprchend thinking, Ihus

idcal

feem to be produced

our minds; or

lhey are oot, this may fervc lO explaia

Iheir following on.e aoother

aD habitual train. wheo

once they are put ioto that Iraa, as weJl as it does tO ex-

plain fuch mb,ions of ,he body.

This eonneElion

our mlOds of

iJ~al)

themfel"es

loofe and independeo, ooe of aoo,her, is sf fo grea, force

to fel us a\l'ry in our allions. as \Yell

moral as

natural,

pafTions, ret(ooings. anánotions them{el"es, Ihat perhap.

there is

DOI

any one lhing thal deferves more lO be look·

ed af,er. Thu. ,he

id,al

g.h1inl and/prighll

have

«ally no more 'o do Wilh darkoef. ,han ligh' ; ye, let but

a foolilh maid inclllea,e ,befe of,eo on ,he mind of a child,

and raife ,hem ,here ,ogelher, poOibly he

fh~JI

oe,er be

able 'o fopara.. ,hom agaio fo long as he live. , bUI dark–

nofs O ..JI ever af..rwards bring wi,h it ,hofe Irigh,ful

i–

dcal.

01.0

has fufFered paill or lickoefs in any place ;

fa\V his fnend die in fuch a room; ,hough ,befe have

in nalure nothing lO do one with anolber. yet wben tbe

iJ~11

tr,eplacl'

oceun

bis miad, jI bríngs (bat of (he

paio anJ difl'leafure wi,h i,; he coofounds him in hil

mind. aod caD as linle bear che one ..s me other.

In/,lId/ual hahi/I

and defeéls ,his »ay con,raéled, are

00'

Ilfs frcqu 'n' aod powerful, thougb lefs obferved.

Let <he

iJral

h.ing

.nd

,"alter

be Hrongly joined ei–

,her by educalion or much ,hougb" "hilll ,htre are HiJl

combioed in Ibe mind, what notioDs, ·wbat reafoniogs

""iJl

lbere