1000000030

A S

Ul'\\I'.!

¡,I..:r1

-\lI"ll"on

11!.I\'cS

were ftrcweJ to

1it

upon.

Tlle.e ot\w IV.,S any hlrh

f~~n

"' .•oy

.hde houles,

\\':,,", .Ire ",,,de like .'" uven

the ,nfiJc, IVilh

paf–

f'gc I;'r th& ,II"mals tO go

,111.1

bdlhc io the water.

Oae of th& ",di geocrnll)'

lu.ig

~ .I~UU'

e'gh, or

be.–

"('S,

th(l~&h

10metilllcs th.)' hOl'c hdJ thiny

but ,his

is \'ery uneommoo.

Thd~

ereatmes are oever fnrprifcJ by the f,..,fI aod

fuow ; fur they tioiOI their work lO\Vards the eod of Sep–

l<Iub.r

aod ,hen they lay io p,uv,fions for ,he \V'oter.

In the fummer-time ,hey Iive ul'0o

f.ui

,s, aod the b.rrks

anJ leaves

01'

trees

and ,hey hkcwife e.teh fmalllill! ,

'lOd partieul.lrly er.lbs or erJw-lilh. However, ,heir

\l inter- provilioo is ,he teoder hraoehes al' mes, parti–

eul.trly poplar, al' \\'hi.:h they fcem 'o be very I'ood.

is nfu,lIy f.1id, aoa upoo pretty good auth0my, that

thefe beal'ers make the walls al' the, .. houlcs al' a thiek–

ncfs in proportion ro the f,verity al' the fueeeediog win–

ter ; whieh if true, thefe animals mul! be furmlhed with

uoe~mmoo

forefight.

Wheo there are great floQds eaufed by the melting

al' the foow, whieh damage the houfes 01' the beal'ers,

,hey theo leave them, aod fhift for themfdves as well

as they can; however, the ,females return as fooo as

the \Yaters are abated; but the m.les keep the fie/d tiJl

Jul)"

wheo they

all'~mblc

asaio tO repair the damage

that has beco done by rhe fiood, ei,her to their houfes

or d3ms. When aoy al' their houfes are demoliOled by

the hunters, they oever rep:,ir them again, bm build

o,hers quite oew. Some au,hors ha\'e faid, that the

bearers make fevm l rooms in their houfes

but this up–

on examioation has becn focnd tO be falfe.

lo huoting the bcavers, the favages fometimes !hoot

titen., alw.lys getting on the eontrary fide al' the wind

for they are very nly, quick io heariog, anJ al' a very

heo feent. This i, gcoerally dOlle \Vhen lhe beavtrS

¡,re at \York, or on OlOre feeJing on poplar bark. If

t:ley hear any noile when at work, they immediale/y

jump iota the water, and eootinue time fome time

aod when they rife, it is al a diOanee from the place

II!IPre they wem io.

They fometimes are tak"n \Vith traps : thefe are no–

thing but popl:,r Ilieks la,d in a path om the wa¡er;

wllleh

\Yh~n

the bedver

be~ins

tO feed upoo, they

e~ufe

a b ge lag al' wood tO fall upon their neeks, which is .

put in motion by their mOI'iog of the Oieks, aod eoo–

fequently requires ao ingenious conlrivanee. The fava–

"es geoerally prefer this way al' taking them, becaule i!

Joes no! damage their fI(ins.

In the IVinter·time they break the ice io tIVO plaees

at a diOaoee from the houfc, the one behind the o,her.

Then Ihey take .\Yay the broken ice wi,h a kind al' a

raeket, the be"er to fee IVhere tO place thcir Oakcs.

Thcy faOen their oets tO lhefe, \vhieh have large me–

Olel, and fometimes are eightec.n or tIVenty yards io

leoglh. \Vhen thefe are fi Ked, thcy proeeed tOdcmo–

lin, ,he houfe, aou turn a dog ,herein; ...hieh t«rifyiog

the beaver, he immediately leaves il, aod tahs to ,he

water; after whieh, he is foon

eota~gled

by the neto

Mr Lawfon whu IVas g,ocral furveyor al' Nonh Ca–

rolioa, affirms, tlldt beavers are \'Cty I'lenty inthat.coun-

A S

try.

He eonfirms what h,IS been f.,id about

\h~ir

in–

~ellllity

b'lildillg of thei . dams anJ houfis, aud ob–

terves, ,hal their food is. ehidly rhe bark

01'

lrces

and Otrubs ; fueh as thal al' the faffatras, aOl , !wee!

gUIII, aud feveral others. He adds, that if they . re

taken youog, they \ViII become very tame; bUl ,hen

they will do a great deal

01'

mifchief iu tbe orcharJs,

by break,og the tl',es. They IVilllikewif'e block up

rhe doors

01'

the huufes in the night, wi,h the f1 ieks

and IVood \Vlllch they bring thither.

fmher in·

forOls us, that it is eenaiu J,a,h lur themto eat aoy

tbiog that is fa lt. The ae!h is lookeu upon as very

dciicatC food.

The mofehatus, \Vith a long, eomprell'cd, lan–

ceolated ,ail, and palnmed feet.

is ,h, exutic wa·

ter·rat al' Clufius, and is a oati,'e al' RUlfia.

The zibe,hieus, or Olllfk·rar, with a long, eom–

prenco, and laoeeolatcd tail,

an~

the toes al' the fce!

Jeparate from eaeh other. The follides of the tail

are faid to baninl moths an" other iofcéls from doaths,

6e.

fo r this reafoo the inhabitaots al' Ruffia aod

Canada few them into the folds of their eloaths, tO

keep otf vermin aod eontagious d¡feafes.

CA s

oRis alfo the name al' a market-towo al' Lineoln–

Olire, tIVeOly miles oorth-eaO of Lineolo :

loog.

12', and N. lat.

53° 30' .

CASTOREA, in botany. See DURA NTA.

CA TOREUM, in the materia medica, a filbOanee

obtaioed Irom the inguinal glanos of the eaHor. See

CASTOR .

CASTRATION, in furgery, the operation of g'elding.

was prohibited by

deeree

01'

th~

fellm al' Rome

under Hadriao; and the Coroclian law fubjetled the

perfon who perforOled the operation,

the fame pe–

na!ties as the perfon

00 ..

hOOl it lOas performed, al–

though it IVas done \Yith his eoofen!.

Callratioo is mueh in ufe in Afia and Turkcy,

where it is praélifed upoo the flaves, tOprevent any

eommeree wilh their women. In Italy, eallration is

frequent from another motive, oamely,. tO prefervo

the I'oice for lingiog.

is fometimes fou nd neccfl'ary

in ehirurgieal eafes, as in a fareoeele aod eaneeral' the

teflicl( s. For the me,hod al' performiog this opera–

tion, lee SURCERY.

CASTRES, a city al' Languedoc, in Fraoee, abou!

thirty.lil'e miles eaO 01' Thouloufe : E. long. 2°, and

N. lat.

43 °

40'.

is a bi!hop's fee.

CASTRO, the capital of the iOand

01'

Chiloe, on the

eoa!l of Chili, in fOUlh Ameriea:

long. -8 2°, S.

lat.

0 .

•

CAsno is alfo the capital al' a duchy of rhe fame name

io the pope's terri,ories, in Italy, fitnated on the

confines uf Tufeany: E. long. 12°

35',

N. lat.

42° lO'.

CA STRO is likewife a town in the territOry of Otranto,

in the kingdom

01'

Naples , about feven miles romh of

OtralllO : E. long. ' 9° 25', N. lat. 40° S'.

CASTRO

lIIor;lIo,

a towo in tl\e provioee of Algan'a,

in Purtugal, fituated near theOIomh of ,he river Gua·

diana, on the eoofioes of liodalufa: W. long. So

15'.

N. lal. 37°.