1000000030

o u

(, : 7

m" nnt cnler

~lIy

o( IhelO, till thc

har.>n

I'e

(1111

nou~h

01' 11« 10

run inlo rhem. 11 ar onr.c.

1'0"

~hll

h oce

I~t:n

rlre)' pulJ our

ti"

pltl~¡.

whit

'JrC

Ittllr.

Ir~n

lods '\11" ah ',d at onc end e' pable of lilJilln rhe

IIhole diameler of eaeh ruhe. 'file

hale

dte"fur.

nace is

opc~t'J

\Vilh. loog pieee of iron fined

rhe

end t'( e.teh pole, ,nd Ihe mould lilktl in ?n inlLtIlr.

Thts eompleres rhe wurk in rclation ro rhe e"fli.,&

pan ; rhe rdl bemg rhe (culpror's Or cat ,'er's

hll(¡nel~,

\Vho, raking rhe figure

0111

of rhe mould and e.,rh

"h~re"',t1h

ir is cllcompalJ'ed. (aws

011'

Ihe jers wirh

IIhtch Ir ' ppeals eO"cred over, and repAirs it wirh

chrlrd¡,

..'ers. puneheoos,

&,;,

I'O UNOE~Y

hdl¡,

The mml, ir i9 to he obfer.

>ed, IS di/felenr ¡'t'r hells, (rom wh,r it is (ur HarulS .

rhm being

rin in rhe U. rue·mml : hut rhere is

(,1111, and fomerime' more. io rhe bcll meral.

The

dimcdi~ns

of rhe eorc and the wax fOI bdlJ,

ir a ring or bells efpceially. are nor Id r roehanee, hur

OIull be meJured

011

a rc..1<,. ordlapafon, whieh eives

rue

hei~hr .

aperlure. aod thiekocfs ocecff.rry for

tlt~

fereral ton' s requircJ , See DIA PA SON.

!r', on rhe wa1 rhar rhe feveral mouldings and o·

riler OIOdmenrs are formtd ro

rcpref, nted

relievo,

Ihe our (,de uf tI,e hel/.

The bu(¡nefs of bell.(oundery is reducible ro rhree

ranieulars.

The propuni"n of a bel!.

111e

forming uf rhe mould

and,

The mclrios of rhe

Itlml.

'l'he proponions of our hells difrer mneh from rhofe

e,f rhe Chinefe: io ours, rhe mudern proport:oos are,

m.ke

rhe diamerer fifteeo times the thiekoefs of rhe

I"im, and twelve rimes rhe heighr.

There are two kinds of preparations,

.iz.

the (¡m·

1,le 2nd rhe rclarive: the formd are rhofe proporrions

unly rh.r are berween rhe feveral partS of a bell, to

II nder ir funorous

Ihe relarive propon ions ellablifh

a req'lifire harmooy

h~rlVecn

fel'eral bells,

The partlculars neeeff"y for making rhe mould of

~cll

are, t, The eanh ; Ihe mofl eoheli," i! the

hen: ir mufl be wdl ground aod fifr ed. ro preveor a·

nyehinks.

Brick·lJone; whieh mun he ured for

rite mine, mould, or core, and (or rhe furnace.

Horfe dunS. hair. and hemp, núed wirh rhe eanh,

ro render rhe ctmenr more bindinn, 4, Thc wax for

infcriprir,ns, eom d arms,

&e.

¡.

The rallow ,.

qually ",ixed wirh rbe wax, in oreler

pnr a Oighr

lay of ir upon rhe OUler mould, befare any ler rers are

applied ro ir, 6. Th. enals ro dry rhe mould.

For m.king Ihe moulcl , rhey

h.ve

• 1",Rold con·

finiog of four hoards, ranged upon rreITeIs.

1'0.1

rhis Ihey carry rhe earrh. trnfs'y orlured,

mix Ir

wirh

h~rfe.dung,

hearing!he

\Yhol~

lVirh aI. rge (patlll"

The comp,OtS of eonfl""qion is rhe ehid innru·

menr fOT makins

rh~

mould, ... llIeh con(¡fI of

r \\~

differt~r le~s

joineo by " rhird piere, "nd I.n of all,

rhe fouoders fhelves, on whieh are rile iograrings of

rheIclltrs, earll idges, eom uf arn" ,

6c.

They r,rn dig

h"le of a fllOieienr dep,h ro eoor !.in

the mOllld of rht htll, lor,etlt.r wirh ,he e,t(e, or "n·

non, u;¡Ocr S,ollod i ¡ntl

~~L\lr (j~

rnei"s IOIVer rhJJ\

F O U

Ihe rcrrerla:n, where r ' e work is ped",""d, The

Itole mnl! h<

,.':'!~ (no,,~h

for a ftce I' :O:tne t,'rllccn

rhe

"""1

1,1 ,ncl \Y,lls uf' Ihe holc,

COi'

be~lVe'

n OOe

11\001:1

,".1

.norbcr, whrn feveral hrlb are ro he call.

JI,

Ihe ,",lIre

rhe hul< is a lIak, ert{lcJ, tlm is

IIroo~ly

fJfJened in ,he grnund. Tltis filppons ao

iren f','g. on wl,id\ rhe p"'or of rllc f,cond hr.\cch

01'

rhe eOOlI',tO':s rurns. Thc fI,ke is enenmp31J'cd l'Iirh

a fi·lid briek·\\'urk, perfeél l)' round, "WUt hJlf a loot

hir,h. alld of rhe prupofed hell's

di~mer"r.

This rhq

call

n,,1I flooe, Th, p, rtS of Ihe mould are, rile eOle,

rhe model of rhe hell, and Ihe n,cll. \Vheo

rh~

OIlIec

forraee of rhe eore is furmee!, Ihey bcgin

raife rhe

eore, whieh is made of hrieks rhar 3rt laid in eOll lfes

01'

equal heigln IIpon a l. )' of pl,ill eanh. Ar rhe IJ)"

ing eaeh b, iek, rhey btiog ne" it rhe hraneh of rhe

eompalres, on which rheellrve o( rheeorc is O"ped, fa

as rhat rhere m,y rem?inberween ir ,nd rhe ellne rhe

diA.nceof a lille, ro Joe afrcrwards r.lled opwah la)'ers

01'

C<1l1ent. The wOl k is eonrinued ro rhe rnp, only

lewiog an opening for the eo. ls

b,kc tire eore.

This work IS covet<cI wirh a layer of eemenr, mace

01'

earrh alle! horfe dong, on ....hieh rltey mo"e rhe

cnmpaffesof eooflruélioo,

m.ke

ir of ao even fmoorlt·

ner., cI'cry II'herc.

The (¡ rfi' lay:r btiog fi r.;n,ed, they put rhe r,re to

rhe core, hy (¡lIlng ir half \Vllh eo;.Is, rhrough aoopen,

ing rhat is kepr Ihur, during rhe baking, \Virh a Cdke

uf eanh, rhat has heeo fepar.rely baked. The firfl:

r,re eonfumes rhe Oake, and rbe (¡re is Icfr io rhe eore

half or fometimes a wbole oay : rbe r,rn layer beioe

thoroughly dry. rhey eover ir wirh a feeonJ. rhird,

and (Nlnh; caeh be"'g finoorheo by rhe board of rhe

compalT~s,

3nd rhoroug!,lydried before they proeced to

aoorher.

The eore beiog completerl. rhey rake rhe eompalJ'es

to pieees,

wi,~

intenrro eot off the rhiekoefsof the mo,

del. and lheeompaffes are imm,drardy pur in rhcirpraee

roheg;oafeeood piece of rhe mould,

eonfinsnfa mix–

rure o¡' tanh , od luir, applied lI'irhrhe h3nd on rhecore,

in (,veral eakes tlw clole rogerher, This 1I'0l'k is fi·

niO\od hy f, veral Ia)'ers of a rhioner eemeor of rhe

f.mematlCr fmoorhed by rheeompaffes. and

r~orougl~Iy dried, before , norher is laid oo. The ¡¡rn layer ol'

rhe moclel is a mixrure of wax aod greaf. fpread o,'er

rhe II'h"le,

Af¡c:

whieh are applied rhe inferiprions,

e\lm oi' um¡,

ve,

b.fnll',rcd wirlt a peoe;1dipped in

a vel1"I o( \Yax in a eh,tRing·d;P.1, rhis is done for CI'ery.

lerter, Before rhe Ih,'lI ls

be~ulI,

rhe eompalres are

rakeo ro pleces, ro cur olr all rhe wood rh,lr fills rhe

p:aee of tlle rhi, knl(' ro be r,iveo ro rhe O\ell ,

Th, r,rn hycr

the linterólrth wirh rhe n·n, (¡fred

ve'y fine;

hrlfl i, is rcml'cring in warer, ir is mixed

wirh COII" s hJir, ro m,l.e i, eohere, The whole being

arillo edlis, is geotly I,uoled

rhe n\odd. rh. r

~lIs

exaéll) all rhe li"uofiries uf tite hgurls,

6e.

and ,his

is repearcJ rill rhe wh"le is twu line, rhic<

01'«

rhe

olodel. When rhis 1.lyer i, d.1l101l1\hly dlied, rhey

re"'" it wirh a f,cond of Ihe fdme IIIm:r, her foml–

rhing tlllehr: \\'h,n rhi, Iccond ¡'ycr "e"'lIIes of

fOI!l~ c~nfJI""e, rh~y

arrly rhe eOlnF, r.i.3 aL:,i", an"

Jiol,t