1000000030

602 / 1042

F o u
1ibht l rrre in Ihe core, fol as 10 nlelt off Ihe \II~X of
Ihe infcl iplions, Oc.
,\flcr Ihis, Ih~y go on lVilh olher I'yers of Ihcnlell,
hy meaos of Ihe ~s. Hcre Ih, y J.I'¡ 10 Ihe
COIV'S hair .1quantily of hemp, fpre,u UpllOIhe I' yers,
alld aflcrwHds rmoolheu by Ihe bOHd of Ihe
f.·s. The Ihicknefs of Ihe Ihdl comes 10 four or fi ve
¡oches lower Ihao Ih~ mtll Hone befare cbraveo, anJ
litrrooods il qoile clofe, which preveOls Ihe extra.,·
I"ion of Ihc metal. The wa, IhJuld be taken out be·
lure the meltin~ of Iheme!>1.
The ear uf ,he bell requircs arc~arate wn1\, which
is done during Ihe drying of Ihefevml incrnlJations of
Ihecemen! It hasfevcorinzs; the feveoth is calleJ the
bridge, andoniles the othcrs, beiog aperpendlcolar fop.
ron tOfirenglheothe curves. lt has ao apenure at the
top, to admlt a large iroo peg, ueot at Ihe botlom;
MO this is introduced iOlo tlVO hob io Ihe beam, f,(I·
ened wi lh t\lll firong iron keys. There arr modcls
made of the Tings, lVilh malres of beateo eaflh, Ih, t
are dried io the fire, in arder 10 hare the hollolV of
them. The[e r10gs are gentil' pre/red upoo a I'yer of
cwh aod cow's h~ir, one half of its deplh; and Iheo
takeoout, wilhoul breakiog Ihe mould. This opera.
tioo is repemd twel.e limes for nvelve half moulds,
tha! til tilO uoited mal' make Ihe hollows of Ihe
fi x rings : the [ame Ihel' do for ,he hollowof Ihe bridge,
aod bake IhemaJl, to uoile them IOg ther.
Upoo Ihe apeo place leCt for the eo.lls tO be pot io,
are placed Ihe riogs that coofiitute Iheeu. Thcl' fir(l
1'''' iota this apeo pla~e Ihe iroo·riog 10 [uppon the
chrper of the bell; then they make a rouod cake
of cla)', to fill up ,he diameter of the thickoefs of
the cure. This cake, aftcr bakiog, is clapped
"poo ,he openiog, aod [oldered with a thio mortar
fpread orer it, which biods the cover clore to the
cOI e.
The hoJlow of the mo~el is fillcd \Vilh ao mth.
fufficiently moifi tO ÚX on the place, which is tlrew,d
at [everal tímes upoo ,he cover of the COTe; aod Ihey
heat it geotly ..i,h a pem~, to a proper height; aod a
workmao fmoolhs thc eatlh at top with a wooo~o
ITowel Jipped io water.
Upoo this C~1"CT, tOb~ takeo off afterwards , thcy
,lremble the hollo..s of tbe riogs. \Vhco every thing
is io its prop:r placc, Ihcy flreo~lheo Iheoudide of the
hollows with mortar, ill ordcr to bind Ihem IVitb the
bridge. aoo kerp them lIeady at the bonoOl, hy mean,
Il a cake of the fame morm. which fills up the whole
apertule of the O,ell. This they let dry, Ihat it may
he remcve~ wi,hollt bre.king. Tomakeroomfor the
met,l, Iheypull "Ir the hollows of the liogs. through
\Vhich the melal is to pa[s. before it eotm iOlo thev.·
fuity of the mould. The O,ell beio~ uoloadeo nf its
eu , th,'y ..aoge uoder Ihe mill·tlnlle five or li~ piem
of \Vood, ahollt two fel'! long, anJ thiek cnough to
"ach ¡Imotll he lower pan of Ihe rnell; betIVcclI thefe
an~ Ihe mould thlY drive io WIIOJ,·Owedgl s wilh a
mallu. to O"kcth, 1111"11 oi" Ihc 1110.1<1 whl"Teon il rdls,
fo as 10 he pullcd IIp. aod r,Ot <lut of Ihe pit.
Wheo this ¡nJ ,he w,x ore removetl, tlltl' bre.k
F O U
the moti.) ,od ,he b y" of ClITth, through whích the
metal mllll run, f,om the hoJlo... of ,he " ngs, bet"e,o
the Ih,1I ¡ntl the coreo They [moke Ihe infiJe of the
!hell. by bU lniog IIraw uod,:r it, that helps lO fmnoth
the [UI fm of the belJ. Theo they pUt the n,dl in
the plAce, foas tO leave the ioterv, lbetweeoth1.t
,od the eore; :.od before ,he ollows of the riogs or
the cap ale pu: on agaio, they add Iwo vents, that are
uoiteu tO the riog~, and 10 each other, by a mafs of
b.keJ cement. After . h,ch they put 00 this m,fs of
the cap, the riogs, and the Vento over the Ihell, aod
folder ,twith thio cement, which is dried gradu.Jly by
eoveling it with burning coals. Theo they fiJl op ,he
pit I\ith eanh, beatiog it nroogly all the time, rouod
the mould.
The furoace has a place [or the 6re, aod aoother for
the metal. The fire.place has a lorge ehimncy with a
[pocious alh·hole. The furoace ..hich cootaios the
metal, is vauhed, whofe bonom is made of ,anh,
rammed dowo; the reH is built wi,h brick. lt has
foor apenures; the 6r(l, through which the Aame re·
vibrates; the [ecood is clofed with a fiopple that (s
opeocd fnr the metal tO ruo; the othe,s are to fepa.
fdte thedrofs, or [carire, of the metal by wONeo rahs:
thl ough the[e lan apettures pafies the thick fmokc.
The groltnd of the fu rnace is built fiopiog, for Ihe
metal to run down.
Fo uN DER y ofgrrol gUnJ anamular pitm. The me·
thod of cafllng thefe pieces is liule differeot from that
of beJls: theyare ruo malry, withoot aoy coreobeiog
dctermioed by the hollow of the Ihell ; aod theyare
afterwards bored with a fieel tr(pao, that is worked
either by horfes, or a water·milI.
For the metal, pam, proponioos, crr. of the[~
pieces. fee CANNON.
L,II" FOUS DERY, or coJling ofprinJing Itlltrr. The
fi rfi thing requifite is t~ plepare good neel.puoches, 00
the face of which is drawo the exalllhape of the let·
Icr IVith peo aod ink, if the ktter be IIT~e, or with a
[mooth blonted poiot of a oeedle, if fmaJl; aod then,
wilh proper gravers. Ihe cllttCr digs deep hetween the
nrokes, letung the marks 00 the puoeh; the
IVork of hoJlowiog beiog geomlly regulated by the
depth of the coumr puoeh. theo he files the outfide,
till it is fit for the matrice.
They ha"e a mould 'o jufiify the matrices ~y,
whi(h coolills of :ln upper aod uo.ler ran, both wh,ch
are allke, except the fiool aod fpriog behiod, and a
[,naJl rouodilh IVire io the upper pan, for m,kin~ the
nick io the O,aok of the Ic· ter. Thcfe twO p.1lts are
exaélly fittCd into eaeh olher, being a male and f~01ale
g-Ae. to nide backwards aod for1Vud~. See G .I G!.
Thcothcy junify the moold , by caniogah'''~t
[.I01ples of Iw el s, whichare (et io a COOlpohl1
with the "icks ,ls the right h.ln.l; anJ cOO1~allng
thde erery IVay ith Ihe p~tt<TO I,um. Irt up In Ihe
f.llne OIlnoer, ,hey liod the eX3a mea[u" of the boJy
10 he ca!1.
N~xl ,he)' prepare the mmix. ,,'·ieh is of < or
copper, ao ineh and a haJl long• . ,od tlf a p,or"'l\l~o·
,~Ie thi koe[s tOthe lilc of the kaer 11 is tv ,vo,,',n.
ID