448 / 1042
E N
e
cold, are cut into what leogths the \\'orkmao think,
nt, but commonly from ten
10
twch'e ioch,s
i
and as
they are all round, if Ihey arerequired
10
be flat, they
mul! be drawo through a pair of piocers while yet hoto
They have alfo another iron inflrum<nt in form of
piocers, to clraw out the enaplcl by the lamp when it
js
10
be IVorked and difpofed io r.gures. Lallly, they
have glafs.tubes of various fim, fer ving
10
blow the
eoame! into various 6gures, aod preferve the
neceíf~ry
vacancies !hereio
i
as alfo to fpare the flulf, aod form
Ihecootours. When the eoameller is at IVork, he firs
before his lamp IVith his foot on the flep that moves
00
the bellolVs
i
aod holdiog in his left haod the work
10
be eoamelled, or the brafs or iron·wires Ihe figures
are
10
be formed
00,
he direéls wilh his right the en·
ame! thread, which he holds tO the flame with ama·
nagement aod patience equally furpriflog. There are
fewtbings they caooot make or repreleot with ena·
mel
i
aod fome figures are as wdl nni!hed, as if dooe
by the moílikilful carvers.
ENARTHROSIS, in anatomy, a fpecies of diarthrofis.
See AHTOtolf,
Pan
1.
ENC.lENIA, the Dame of three fevml feafls celebrated
by the Jews iD memory of the dedicalioo, or rather
puriJication, of the temple, by Judas Maccabreus, So·
lomon, aod Zorobabe!.
This term is likewife ufed io church.hifiory for!he
dedicatioo of Chriílían churches.
ENCAMPMENT, the pitcbing of
a
campo See CAMPo
ENCANTHIS, io furgery, a tubercle arifingeither from
Ihe caruncula lacrymalis, or from the adjaceol red
¡!tin
i
fometimes fo large, as to obnruél nOI ooly Ihe
punéla lacrymalia, but alfo pan of the 6ght, or pu·
pil itfelf. See SURGElY.
ENCAUSTIC aod ENCAUSTUM, the fame with ena·
melliog and ename!. See EN AM ELLING, andlENAM EL.
ENCEINTE, in fortification, is the
w~ll
or rampan
whicb furrounds a place, fomeúmes compofed of bani·
00'
or cunains, either faced or lioed with brick or
fione, or ooly made of earth. The enceiote is fome·
times only Banked by rouod or fquare towers, which is
called aRoman wall.
ENCEPHALI, in medicine, IVorms geoerated in the
head, where they caufe fo great a pain, as fome!imes
to occaflon dinraélioD .
ENCEPPE', in heraldry, aenotes fettmd, chaioed, or
gi rt about themiddle, as is ufual with Olonkeys.
ENCHANTER, a perfoo fuppofed to praélife enchant.
meot or fafcinatioo. See FASCINATION, WlrcH '
CRAI'T,
&e.
ENCH AN TER'S NIGHTSH ADE, io botany. See CI R'
C~A .
ENCHASING, INcHAs rNG , or CHAS ING, the art of
enriching and bcalllifying gold, flloer, aod other metal·
work, by fome dcGgo or figures rcprefeoted thereoo
io lowrelievo.
Eochafing is praélifed ooly
00
hollow thin
works,~s
waleh.(afes, c¡oe·heads, tlVeezer cafes, or the like
Ir
is performed by punchiog or dri..ing
0111
Ihe metal, to
form a figure, from with·iofide, fo as to Haod OUI pro·
E N E
mioeot froOl theplane or furfaee of lhe meta!. lo ero
der to this , they provide a oumber of fine fiee! bloCk!,
or puocheoos, of divers flzes
i
and Ihe deflgn being
dralVo On the lurface of Ihe metal, they apply lhe io.
flde upon the head! or tOps of Ihefe blocks, direélly
uod~r th~
lines or pans of the figures; then, wilh a
fine hammer, flrikir.g
00
the metal, fuflaioeJ by rhe
block, the metal yields, aod the block makes ao ioden·
lUre or m'ity
00
the inflde, correfpoodiog to which
there isa promioenee
00
the ouÚlde. whieh is to nand
for that pan of the figure.
T~us
the workmeo proceeds to chafe and fioilh al!
the pans by fucce!1ive applicatioo of the block aod
hammer to the feveral pans of the defign. Aod it is
\Vooderfd
10
coofider \Vith IVhat beauty and jufioefs,by
this flmple pieee of mechaoifm, the aniíls io this kipd
\Vill reprefeot [oliages, grolefques, animals, hiílorics,
cre.
ENCHYSMA, in medicine, the ¡'ame with enema. 8ee
EN~MA.
ENCLITIC,'\ , io grammar, pIlrticles which are fo clofe·
Iy united with other words, as
10
feempan of lhem,
as in
virumq/le,
&&,
Thereare three eoelitic parúcles io Latio, viz.
que,
ne) ve.
ENCRATITES, io
church.~iílory,
heretics IVho ap–
peared towards the eod of the lecood ceotury: they
were called Eocratites, or Continentes, becaufe they
gloried iD abítaioiog froro marriage aod lhe ufe of
wine aod aoimal·food.
ENCYCLOP.lEDIA. See
CYCLOP~D IA,
and DI CTI'
OHA
RY.
ENDECERIS, io aotiquity, dellotes a veífe! or galley
with eleven tires of oars.
ENDEMIC, orENDE MI CAL DISEASE!, thofe towhich
the iohabitants of particular couotries are fubjeél
more lhan others,
00
account of the air, water, fitua·
tion, aod maoner of liviog.
ENDIVE, io botaoy. See CICHORIUM.
ENDLESS, fomeuling wilhout an eod : ,thus authors
menlioo eodlefs rolls, the endlefs fereIV,
&~.
ENDORSE, in heraldry, ao ordioary, contaioing tbe
eighth
pGrt
of a pale, \Vhich Leigh fays is only ufeJ
when a pale is betweeo two of them.
ENDORSED, in heraldry, is faid of !hings borne ba,ck
to back, more ufually ealled adorsé. See AcoslE .
ENDOWMENT, io law, deooles lhe fetding a dower
on a IVoman
i
tho~gh
fometimes it is ufed
figurat!v~ly,
for fenliog'a proviGoo upon a parfon,
00
the bUlldlOg
of a church
i
or the fevering a fuflicieDt
p~rlioo
of
tilhes for aricar, when Ihe benefice is approp"ated.
ENEMA, in medicine. See CLYSnR.
ENEMY, in laIV, ao alieo or foreigoer, who publicly
invades the kiogdom.
ENERGUMENS, io churEh hinory, perfoos fuppofed
tObe pofI'eífed by the devil, eoocerniog
wj¡o~
¡,here
\Vere maoy regulalioos among the
primi\l\'~
ehnfllans.
They were denied baptifm, and the eueha"íI
i
at leall,
Ihis IVas the praélice of fome churches: aod dlOngh
they were uDdor the care of exorciíts, yel it IVas
lhoughl