1000000030

E M P

( 494 )

E N A

perors. In Ihe welt, Ihe title has been a long lime

reflrained tO the emperors of Germany. The firfl

who bore il was Charlemagne, who was erowned

by PopeLeo

1Il.

800.

And il is tO be obCerved,

Ihat Ihere was nOI a fool of land or lerritOry annexed

Ihe emperor's title.

In Ihe year t72 3, Ihe Czar of Mufcovy

~ITumed

Ihe litle of emperor of all the Ru/)jas. The kings of

F¡¡nee were alfo ealled emperors, when Ihey reigned

with their fons, whom they alfoeiated in Ihe erown:

Ihus Hugh Caput was ealled emperor, and his fon

Robert king. The kings of England were aneielltly

fiyled emperors, as appears from a eharter of king Ed·

gar.

h .

The emperor o ermany

a Imite monare

regard to th- empire, Ihough he is an abfolute fove·

reign in mofl of his hereditary dominionl; the lale

enlperors of Ihe Auflrian family, having hereditary

dominions, enumerated all of them io their title.

Charles VI. was Uyled emperor of the Romans, al·

ways augufl, king

Bo~emiah

and Hungar), arehduke

of Auflria,

Oc.;

bUI the prefent emprefs inheritiog

tiMe eountries, her confort enjoys only the title of

emperor of Ihe Romans, duke of Lorrain and Tufca·

ny.

The emperor e, eates dukes, marquiITes, and o·

Iher noblemen; and be appoints molt of the oflicers,

civil and military, inthe empire: he is eleéled Qy the

Dine eleélors

and he fummons the general diel of

Ihe empire.

EMPETRUM, BERRY BURING HEATH, in botany,

a genus of Ihe direeia triandria c1afs. The ealix of

ooth male and female eonfilts of three fegments,

and the eorolla of three petals. The female has nine

Ityli; aod

th~

berry eontains nine feeds. Thm are two

fpeeies, one of whieh,

vi:.

the nigrum, black·berried

beath, crow or erake berries, is a n.tive of

Brit.in

EMPHASIS, in rhetoric, a particular flrefs of thevoice

and aélion, laid

fueh parts or words of the ora·

tion as lhe orator wanlS

enforce upon his audienee.

EMPHYSEMA, io furgery, a tumour gellerally oc·

eafioned in a fraélure of the ribs. Sec SVI\.GH'l, ane

M!DI CINE.

EMPIRE, a large extent of laod, under the jurifdiélion

or government of an emperor. See EMPEROR.

EMPIRIC, an appellation given to thofe phyfieians who

eonduél themfelves wholly by their own experienee,

Wilbout fludyiog phyfie in a regular way. Sorne even

ufe Ihe term, in a flill \Vorfe fenfe, for a quaek who

preferibes at random, without being at all acquainted

wilh ,he principies of the arto

EMPIS, in zoology, a genus of infeéls belonging to Ihe

order of diplera. The beak is borny, infletled. con·

fifls of two valves, aod is longer than the thorax.

There are five fpeeies, prineipally diflinguilhed by their

eolour.

EMPRESS, the fpoufe of an emperor, or awoman who

~overns

an empire. Sec EMPEROR.

EMPROSTHOTONOS, afpeeies of convulfioo, where·

in the head bends forward. See MEDIC INE

EMPYREMA, iD medicine, a diforda wherein purulenl

maner il eontaÍlled io the thorax or breafl, afeer ao io'

fl~mmation

and ruppuration of the lungs ¡nd pleura,

See MEDICtNE, and SVRGER Y.

EMPYREUM, a term uCed

divines for the highefr

heaven, 'where the blelTed enjoy lhe beatific vifion.

EMPYREUMA, among chcmifls and phyficians. the

fiery la{le or offenfive fmell which brandies, aod other

bodies prepared by fire, are impregnated with. See

CHEMIIT RV.

EMRODS. See HiEMO RRHOIDS.

EMULGENT, or RENAL ARTUIES. See ANATO'

Part

IlI.

EMULSION, a foft li9uid remedy, of a colour and

eonfi{leoce refe",bling milk. Sec CH!M IS

Y .

EMUNCTORY, io anatomy, a general lerm for aU

thofe pans whieh ferve to carry off lhe excrementi·

tious part! of Ihe blood and other humours of the

body. Such moreeCpecially are the kidoeys, bladder,

and mofl of the glands. See ANATOMY,

ENJEMON, iD medicine, an epithet often applied by

Hippoerates and Galen, to fueh topital medicines as

are appropriated to a wound newly infliéled, before

the blood be flopped.

ENJEOREMA, in medicine, lhat pendulou$ Cubflanee

whieh flom in rhe urine. rt is alfo ealled fublima·

mcntum aod nubeeulz, from its refemblanee tO litlle

c1ouds.

ENALLAGE. in grammar, is when one word is fub·

flituted for another of lhe fame pan of fpeech: a fub·

flantive for an adjeélive, as

exmilul uiflor,

for

Vil/l'

rioful; falul,

for

(Celej1Ul.

ENAMEL, akiod

eoloured glafs, ufed in enamelliog

and paintine in ename!.

Enamels have for lheir bafis apure cryflal glafs o!'

frit, ground up \Vilh a fine calx of lead and tio

pre~a·

red for the purpofe, with the addition ufually of whue

fah of tartar. Thefe ingredieots baked together, are

themmer of all eoamels, which are made by adding eo·

lours of lhis or that kind inpowder to this matter, aod

melting or incorporating themtOgether in a

furn~ce.

For \Vhite enamel, Neri (DelArte Vitriar.) dlreéls

only manganeCe to be added to the maner whichcoo'

llitutes the bafis. For azure, zaffer mixed with cal!

of braCs.

For green, ealx of brafs with

feales.of

iron, or with crocus manis. For black. zalfer wlth

manganefe, or witb crocus manis; or mangane(ewith

tartar. For red. manganefe, or ealx of copper and

red tartar. For purple, mangane(e with calx of

~raf5.

For yellow, tartar and manganefc. And for vlolet·

eoloured enamel, manganeCe with Ibrice·calcioed brafs.

In making'thefe enamels, the foJlowing general CIU'

tions are necelfary tO be obferved.

l .

That tbe pots

mull be glazed with white glafs, and mufl be fuch al

will bear the fire.

That the maner of enamels

mufl be very nieely mixed with the colourl. 3. When

the enamel is good, and the colour well incolporated,

it mull be taken from the fire wilh a pair of tong$.

4. The general way of making the eoloured enameL

is this: pOlVder, fift, and grind all the colours .ery

nieely. and [¡rU mix them with one another, and

rb~o

wirh the eommon matter of enamds; then fet them ID

POI! io a fumace and when !bey are weJl mixed aod

incorponecd,