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F s
ture thiok tIlHt trnde of fo grm importance, ~s tO
brant avery cooli krable bounty for the eocourngcmeot
t.f it; for eocry Uritifh vefrel of 200 tuos or uplVards,
bound tOthe Grcenland·fcas on the IVh~le.filhcry, if
founJ to be duly qunlified according to the aél, obtains
• ticeoce from the commiffiooersof the cufloms to pro·
ceed 00 fueh vOY'ge: aod 00 the O,ip's murn, the
r and mate making o.tth that they proeeeded on
fuch voyage aod no other, and ufed all their endea·
vours to take whales, &c. and that .11 the \Vhale fins,
blubber, oil, &c. imponed in thei r fhip, IVere taken
by their erelV io thofe feas, there Otall be allowed 40 •.
for every ton aeeording tOthe adme.furemeo! of the
fhip.
Befides thefe fifheries, there are fel'eral others both
on the coafls of Great Britaio aod io the Nonh Seas,
\Vhieh, althou~h OOt mueh the fubjeél of m~reh~odize ,
Deverthelefs employ great oumbers both of fhips aoa
meo; as, 1. The oytler.nfhing at Colcheller, Fever·
{bam, the Ine of Wight, in the Swales of the Med·
\Vay, and in all the ereeks between Southampton aod
Chieheller, from \Vheoee they are carrieo 10 be fed in
pits abou! Wevenhoe and other places. See QVSTER.
2. The 10bOer.fifhing aH along the Britifh ehanncl,
the Frith of Edinburgh, on the eoafl of Nonhumber·
land, and 00 the coati of NorlVay, from IVheoee gre.t
qantities are brought to London. And lalUy, the
iifhing of thc pot·fifh, nn·filh, f.~.uoieoro, fea horfe,
and the feal, or dog· fiO,; all whieh are found in the
fam e feas \Vith the whales, and yield blubber in • eer·
tain degree; befides, the horn of the uoieorn is as e·
fiimable as ivory, aod ,he Ocios of ,he feals are pani·
cularly ufeful to trunkmakers .
T fDut F' SH tNG . T he bails for this purpofe are either
natural or artificial, as earth, \Vorms, miunows, aod
fifhiog Aies, both oatural and artificial. Whatever
worms are ufed, they anfwer bell ir kept fome time in
ao eanhen pOt, lVith mofs oflen changed in I"mmer.
If you fifh for trout with hand 00 the grouod, the
hook is tO be introdueed ioto the 1V0"n a linle above
the middle, coming out agaio a liule belolV ; theo
dralV the \'Iorm above the arming of the hook, making
your fi r(l entranee at Ihe tajl·end, that the poiot of th.
hook may come OU I . t the head·eod. \Vheo you nlh
with miooo\\'s, take the IVhiteH aod Oliddle fized; aod
after puniog the hook in at the moulh, aod OUt at the
gills, and dmviog il through about thrce ioehes, nip
it agaio imo IlIS mo",h, fo as tbe point aod beard may
come out at Ihe . T his dooe, tie the hool< aotl
lail together with a fine while tltre.d, aod let
the body of the lllionolV be almoll Ilreight upon the
hoo~.
FISSURE of ti, bon'I, io furgery, i, IVheo Iheyare
dll'ided either 'Cridy or longltudio?lIy, OOt quite
through, but cracked after the OlaOntr \lf glafs, by
aoy eXleroal force. ;,ec SURCH l'.
}'[STULA , io the ~ncicnt mulic, ao inO rument of the
wind.kind, rcfc.mbii'u,! our f1ute, or ,eolc.'t.
T ite princip.d Hi'ltl·inHnUllents of the aoc"ms, IVere
,he tibia and liHuL!. l:uI Il'lIVdt_ y I\'CI'C conililut.:tI,
ro L A
whe«in t1!ey diucred, or h~w they \Vere pl.yed on,
does out a?p~ar.
FISTULA, in medicine aod furgcry. See ~1[OICI~¡
aoel SURGE"V .
FI STULA , io f.rriery. See FARRIERV .
Fl ~TUL ~ R, or FI STULOUS, apl'ellatioos gim by
f'''geoos 10 wouods .od ulcers, whieh de~eotrate io.o
fiHulds.
FIT, 10 mcd:cioe. See PAROXYS>t.
FITCHEE', io heraldry, a lerm applied to a mfs,
IVhen the 1,,\Ver end ol il is flwpeoeJ inlo a POiOl, a¡
in PI. tc LXXX. 6g. 6.
FtTCHES, in hufb.odIY, a fon of pulfe, more general.
Iy koowo by Ihe o~mc of chick·pea, or eicer. S,e
Clcn.
FITZ, m,l:es pan of Ihe f" rname of fome of tba o~tu·
tal foos 01' Ihe kiogs of Eoglaod, as Fitz·roy; IVlueh
is purely French, .od figoilics [he kiog's foo.
F1VE CH URC H.S, a bilhop's fee of lower Hungary, ¡6
miles fou lh of Huda.
FIVES, or VI VE S, in fmiery. See FAR RIERY, p.
555 ·
FIXATIQN, in chcmillry, the rendcring any ,'ol.tile
fubllaoee nxed, fo as not to fiy off upon belog expo'
fcd tO a he.t; heoee,
FIXED BODI ES are !hofe which beara coofiderable de·
gree of hea! IVithoot evapomiog, or lofiog aoy of
their wei~ht.
FLACCIDITY, amoog phyficiaos, a Morder of the
folids, emetl by allriogent aod cardiae mldieiocs, joio.
ed wjth exercife aod good air.
FLAG , a geoeral oame for eolours, Oaodards, aneients,
baooers, eofigos, &c.
The fafhioo of poinled or triaogul., flags, as nolV
ufed, Rud. Toletao afr"res. eaOle Irom the Mahome·
tao Antbs, or Saracens, upoo th.:ir feizore of 5r·ain,
befole \\ hich lime all the eoGgos 01' war IVere Ormh·
ed or ext~o(lcd 011 erors pieees of wood, like Ihe ban·
ocrs of ~ eh~rch . T he pirAles of Algim, and through·
OUt th~ coalls of Jl~l bary, bear ao hexonal Aag.
FL AG is more particularly uf~d at fe.; for Ihe eoloor!,
aoeieots, f~'ltd",d" Oc. borne 00 Ihe IOp of Ihe mall¡
or veflels, 10 ootify the perfoo who eomm;¡od~ Ihe
Illip, of Ithat natioo it is, an.1whether it be ec¡mppeu
for war or ti?tk, fec Platc LXXX!. .
The admiral io chief carries his Adg eo the malo
!OP, Ihe ,·iee·:tdmir.'¡ 00 Ihe fore·top, aoJ Ihe rearo
admiral on the Oli7.zco·t0l'. . .
\Vheo a eouneil of Wa< is tObe hdd at fea, If It be
00 board Ihe a~nti"ll, t1lcy IlJog a io the ntJln
nlroods; if io Ihe viee·admiral, io the fore·lh roud, ;
aod If in Ihe r~:tr·adltllfa l , io Ihe milZeo Ihrouds.
Belides the o.ltiooal mmhanl Ihips frequeotly.
bear Iclb ila~s 00 the mi7.len.m:!t, 1I'1I1~ the "ms el
the eity "here Ih.: maller ordina"ly "lid,'s; and 011
the fOle·man, with th~ aTltIS uf Ihe pl.lce wh~r< th~
perfoo II'hu I'n'ights th,~m li\'c~.
FLAC O, F IeFR! , thofe ,· ..ho cumm.lod th~ fel·t·,,1 fqua·
elrons 0\ ;t Ihl , fllci, are Ih: .Ilimirals, licc·adn"",b,
.I~J · aJ1l1t1 ;us. TI.c