1000000030

594

Ilate whcreio ilS r,oGble fans eohm io fuch amaoner,

that the OlOlioo of ooe pan ioduces a molÍoo of lhe

di.

FIRST'HUITS, among the Hebrews, were o:,latiool

of pan of the fruit of the I:an'ell, oll'cred 10 God as

3Dackoowlcdemeot of his

fOl'Crei~o

oomioioo.

STo

fR U

TS ,

io lhe church of Eoelaod, are lhe pro·

fits of every fpirilual

b~oefiee

for lhe Grll year, ateor·

dioe 10 the valu31iooIhereof io the kiog's books.

FISC, io dIe ei"il law, the marury of a priote. 1t

diflers from the :¡:rarium, whith was the mafury of

the publit or people: thus, when the mooey ariGng

from lhe rale of condemoed perrons gooos was ap'

proprimd for the ufe of the public, lheir goods were

faid

publicari ;

but whenit was deflined for tbe fup.

pon of the prinee, tbey were called

c.nJifcari.

FISCAL, in thecivil law, fomelbing relating to the pe·

cuniary interefl of tbe prince or peoplc. The ollicers

appointed for tbe management of the 6fc, \Vere

~aJled

trDCUralOrrl Jifci,

'and

advoc.liJi/ti :

and amoog tbe

cafes eoumerared io the coo/litulioos of the empire

wbere it was tbeir bufiners tO plead. ooe is againn

Ihore who have been condemned 10 pay a fine tO the

firc

attounl of their litigiouroers, or frivolous ap'

pears.

FISH, io oatural hi/lory. See

NATURAL

HISTORY,

Bmding

o/ FuHEs Ola}' be turoed tO great advaouge

for befides furnilbiDg your table, obliging your friendl,

aod raifing mooey, your laod

\1IÍJI

be thereby greatly

improved, ro as tOyield more this way thao by aoy o·

Ih<r cmploymeot whmver.

When 61b are fed io large pools or POOdl, either

malt boiled, or frelb graios, is lhe bdl foad

thul

carps Olay be raired aod fed like tapoos, and tenthes

will feed as weU. The tare of feediog lhem is be!1

commiued 10 a gardeoer or tbe buder, who Ibould be

always al haod. lo a flew, 30y ron of grain boiled,

efpecially peas, &od malt toarre grouod; alfothegraios

aft~r

brewiog,' wbile frelb and fweet: but one bulhd

of malt not brewed, will go as far as of grains. See

FIS H· PO NO,

infra.

Fl sl!o in a lhip, a plank or piete of timber, fanened to

alhip's mafl or yard, to flreogthen il, whitli is dooe

by nailing it on with iron fpikes, aod wouldiog or wind–

ing ropes bard about them.

FIS HES, in heraldry, are lhe emblems of filence and

watchfuloers

ano are boroe either uprighl, imbollled,

exteoded, eodorfttl refpeaing each odler, furmouot–

ing one ano!her, frmed,

&c.

ID bluoniog 6lhes, thore borne feeding, lhould be

terOled devoeling; all fifhes borne upright and having

6ns, lhould be blnooed hauriant; and lhore borne

traorverfe the efeulchcoo, mun be lermed oaiaot.

FI SH'POSOS, lhofe made for the breedin

or feeding of

lifb.

Filb.ponus are no fmall improvement of w3lCry amI

boggy bnds, many of whieh are fit for no other ure.

IDmaking of a pond, its head lhould be al the lowefl

part of the ground, that the treneh of the

flood·g~te

or Ruiee, having agoo<l fall, may not be too long in

cmptying. The bdl way of makiog the henJ fecure,

is to dri"e in tlVO or tbree ro\Vs of Ilakes above

fiK

rcet

long, al about f¡¡ur fm dillante from each olher, lhe

whole lenglh of the pond·he,d, whereof the 6rll row

Oloul.! he rAmOled al

bit

abollt rour

deep.

lhe

bOlloOl is f.lfe , the roundatioo may be laid wilh q\litk.

lime

which Oacking, will

m~ke

it as hard as allane.

Sorne

I~y

a layer of lime, aod another of e:mh dug

OUl of Ihe pond, among

th~

p,les and Ilrakcs; and

when th_fe are well cavered , drive in others as they

fee oeeafion, ramming in the eanh as befare, tilllhe

pond·he,d be of Ihe heighl dcfigned.

The dam lhould be m,de /lopiog onmh fide,

viog a w,¡lIe 10 carry 011' the overo ,bund.nee or waler

in times of fioods or rains; and as to the depth of Ihe

pond, the deepell pan need nOl exceed f,x fm , rifing

gradually in flloals tO\llards the fides, for lhefifh ro I'UII

lhemfdves, and lay their fpalVn. Gravelly and fandy

bOlloms, efpecially the latter, are bell for breedlOg .

and a fat foil \Vitn a while fal water, as _tbe walhing.

of hills, commons, flreets, finks,

&c.

is bell for falo

lening all fans of GIb. For Iloring a pond, earp isto

be prefcrred for its goodnefs, quick growth, aod great

inereafe, as breeding 6ve or fix times a·year, ApODd

of an acre, if il be a feeding and not breeJing one,

\ViII erery year feed two hundred ca rp! of tbree yml

old, three hundred Of two years old, and (our huno

dred of ayear old. Carps delight in ponds thal hare

mar! or e1ay bOlloms, with pleory of weeds and grafs,

whereon they feed in hot months.

Your pond lhould be drained every time or (our

years, and your filh foned . If il is a brceding one,

the fmaller ones are 10 be taken OUt, to flore other

ponds with

leaving a good Iloek of females, at leall

eight or nine years old, as theYAever breed before

l~at

age. In feeding ponds, it is befl to keep them preuy

nm of a fize.

FrSHERY, a place where great numbers of

601

are

caught.

The principal filberies for falmon, hming, mache!,

pilchards,

Or.

are aloog the cOlfis of Scodaod, Eng·

Jand, and Ireland: for cad, on the banks of New·

fO\lndland; fOI whales, about Creenland

and for

pearls, in the·Eall and \Vell-Indiel.

FIl

Ydenotes airo the commerce of fiOl, more parti.

cularly the catching them for fale.

Were we toenter into a very minute and

particul~r

confideration of fiflleries, as

prefeol ellablilbed

lhis kingdom, thts anide wocld fwell beyond in pra–

per bounds

beeaufe to do jullice to a (ubjeé! of Ihlt

coneernment la the Rritilh oalÍon, requires a very amo

pie and dilllOft difcul!ion. We IIlall. hOlVever, ob·

ferve, lhatfinee the Divine Providence has fo emi nent·

Iyflored the eoafls Of Crea! Britain and ¡rclano widl

lhe moll valuable fiOl; and (IDee filheries, ir fuccefsful,

become permament ourferies for breedlOg expert fea·

rnen:

is 001 only a dut y we o\Ve 10 lhe upreme He·

inr., not to defpife the wonderful plenty he halh all'ord·

ed us, by negle,'liog to extend Ibis braneh of cornmerce

to the utmoll; but il is a duty \Ve o\Ve tO our eountrr.

for ils nalural fecuri ty, whichdependsupon thellrenglh

of our royal nal'y,

o nalion c.n h,v a navy, whtre

tbere