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F s
Orlen twenty feet h¡~h, commonly (rom (orty to fixly
feel loog. and abOUI one lhird as mueh in bre,dlh.
While Ihe feaITold is preparing. the ercw are a filbing;
and as f.O dS lhey ealeh, lhey bring Iht:i r fiOl albore;
open and lalt Ihem IIpon moveable btnehes; but Ihe
main f,lting is performed on lhe f"ff"ld. When Ihe
finl h.lve la~en , Ihey waOl and hang Ihem 10 drain
on '"lis; whe rained, Ihey are IJid on kinds of
flages, whieh are fmall pi~ees of wood laid a.erofs,
and eOI'ered wilh branehes of mes., having lhe leaves
flripped off for Ihe palfage of theair. On Ihefe flage!,
they are difpored, a fiOl Ihiek, head againH lail, wilh
the baek IIppermofl, and are lurned earefully fuur
times every IWenty four hours. When lhey bcgin to
dry, they are bid in heaps ten or twelve Ihick, in oro
der to retain their warmth; and every day Ihe heaps
are enl"ged, til! they become double thcir fir(l bulk;
then IWO heaps are joined together, whieh they turn
every day as before ; laflly, they are f,lled again, be·
ginning willt Ihofe fir(l falled; and being laid io huge
piles, they remain in thal fituati on til! they are carried
on board Ihe Olips, where they are laidon Ihe branches
of mes difpofed for that purpofe, upon Ihe balla(l,
and round Ihe Ibip, with mm tO prevent their CODo
tmqing any moillure.
There are four kinds of commodities drawn from
cod, viz. the zounds, the tongues, the roes, and the
oil extraéled from the liver. The fifn is falled al Ihe
Jilbery, togelher wilh Ihe filb, and put in barreis from
6 to 700 pound. The tongues aredone in like manner,
anrl brought in barreis from 4 10 500 pounds. The
roes are alfo falled in barreis, and ferve 10 ca(l inlo Ihe
fea to draw fiOI togelher, and particularly pilchard!.
The oil comes in barreis, from 400 lO po pounds,
and is ufed'in drefling lealher.-In Scodand, Ihey catch
a fmal! kind of cod on Ihe coaOs of Buehan, and all a·
long the Murra;' frith on bOlh C,des; as alfo in the
frilh of Forth, Clyde, cre. wich i! much e(leemed.
They fall and dry Ihem in Ihe fun upon rocks, and
fomclimes in Ihe chimney. They alfo cure O,ail, aDd
olher fmaller fiOl in Ihe 'C;lme manner; but moí! of
thefe are for home confumption.
Coral.FlsHER Y. See CORAL·fiJ1my.
H"ring.FlsHERV. See CLUP EA.
PilchJrd·FI SHER Y. The chief pilehard.filberies are
along Ihe eoans of Dalmatia on the coa(! of Ilrelagne,
and along the coa(ls of Cornwall and Devonlhire.
That of Ualmatia is very plentiful: Ihat on Ihe eoaOs
of Brmgne employs annually about 300 Olips. The
pilchards caught on our CO,lnS, Ihough bigger, are not
lomueh v,lued as thofe 011 Ihe coans of Fr.nce, owing
principallyto their not being fo thoroughly eured. They
naturally follow the lillhl, which contributcs mlleh tO
the facility of Ihe fiO.cry: the fea(on is from June 10
Seplcmher. On thecoalls 01' Franeethey m,k< ufe of
the roes of the eed·fiO. as a b,il, which Ihrown into
lhe fea, makes them rife from the bottom, and run in·
10 lhe nets. On ollr coalls there are perfons pol!cd a·
fltOre. wlto, fpyinr, by lhe colour of lhc wmr where
lhe Iho,l! are, make figns 10 Ihe bum to roo . mong
¡J,cm tO (JI! ¡Jlcir l" tS. \\'h~n lJk ll, thl'Yarebrought
F s
Gn fllOfe lO a warehoufe, where they are l¡iJ up iB
broad piles, I'lIpported wi lh back.! and lides; and as
they are ptled, theyf,1r Ihemwith in whi:h
Iying tO fo,k [or lhirty or forty d ruo out a
de.1 of blood, wilh dirty pickle and bittern: Ihen
they walh them elean in fea·water ; and, when dry,
barrel and plJS thcmhard down to fqueeze OUt lhe
oil, whieh iffues om al a hole in lhe bottom of Ihe
can" The Cornilbmeo obfme of the pilchard, lhat
it is the lean 61b in fize, mol! in number, .nd gremn
{or gain, of any they take om of the fea.
Sa/mon·FI sHER v. The ehief falmon·filberies in Europe
are io England, Scodand, and lreland, io the rivm,
and [ea.coans adjoiniog to the ·mouths. The
mo(l di(linguiOled for falmon iD d are, theriver
Twe d, the Clyde, the Tay, the Dee, the Don, the
Spcy, Ihe Nefs, the Ilewley, &e. in mon of whieh it
is verr common, abomthe height of[ummer, efpeeially
if the wwher happen to be very hOl, to emh four or
five fcore offalmoo at a draught . T he chief river! iD
England for falmon are, Ihe T yne, the Trent, the Se·
vern, and the Thames. Tite filbing ufual!y begios about
January; and in Scotland they are obliged to gi,e over
about the middle of Auglln; becaufe, as it is then
fu ppofed the filb come up to fpawn, it would be quite
depopulaling Ihe rivers to continue filbing any longer.
lt is performed with oets, and fometimes wilh a kind
of loeks or wears made on purpofe, whieh in cemiD
places have iron or wooden grates [o difpofed, in aD
angle, that beiog impelled by any force in a contrary
dircélioD to lhe courfe of the rim, they may give way
and opeo a little at Ihe point of contall, and immedi·
ately Olut again, elofing the angle. The falmon,
therefore, coming up into the mers, are admitted in10
thefe grates, which open, and fuflú thcm to paf,
through, but !hU! a&lin, and preveDt their returo.
Salmon are alfo caught Wilh a fp~ar, which they dart
into him when they fee him fwimming near Ihe furfaee
of the water. lt is cu(lomary likewife tOeateh Ihem
with a eandle and lanlhorn, or wifp of nraw fet 00
fire; for the 61b n'tural!y following Ihe lighl, are
í!ruek with lhe fpear, or taken in a net fpread for that
purpofe, and lifted \Vith a fudden jerk from the boto
tom. We make no mention of lhe metbod of cateh·
ing falmon with a line or hook, becaufe it is mueh lhe
fame wilh that el\plained under' Ihe anicle Trou/·
F'ISIIING .
Curilig Salll/Dn. When the falmon are takeo, they o·
pen thcm along the back, take out lhe guts and gills,
and cut out the greate(l part of Ihe bones, cndeavuur·
ing tO make Ihe infide as [moolh as polflble; then fa!t
the fiOl in largc tubs for lRe purpofe, \Vhere theyhe
a conC,derable time toakinc in brine ; and about 0110'
ber, they are paekcd clufe up in barreis, and fent 10
London, or e~ported IIp the Mecliterrar.cJn. Th~y
have alfo in Seodand, a grw d~al uf 1, 100on falteJ In
the eommon \Vay, which afler fUlkin~ io brine a como
petent linte, is wdl prelr. d, and tllt n tlril'd in fttlok<:
this is cdlled ~iN(f, anrl is ehidly for hom.econ·
fumpt ion, and, if prul'l·t1y euml ~nd prcr:.rell, tS rle·
koocd my ddicious.