1000000030

E A R

EhR, in anatomy. See Vo!.

p. 29¡.

EAR-WIC, in.zoology. See FOkfICULA .

EARING, in the fea Ilnguage, is tbat pan of the bolt–

rope whieh at the four COI ntrs of the Cail is left open.

in the nlape

a ringo Thctwouppermon parts areput

over the ends of the i'ard.anm, an'd

·Co

Ihe Cail is

.made can 10 the yard,; aod into the lowermon m–

i.ngs, the Iheets and taeks are Ceiud or·bent at the c1ew.

E'.~RL,

a Britilh title.of1I0bility, next below a marquis,

and above a .ifcounl. Earls.were ancientlycalled co·

mites,

bcca~Ce

they ,vere \l/ont

"mitari rtg,m,

wait

upon the king for council and advice. The Germans

call tliem' graves, as landgrRve, margrave, palfgrave,

rheingrave; the Saxons ealdorl!len, unleCs that title

.might be more

prQP~ly

applied tootlr dukes; the

Daoes, eolras ; and the Eoglilh" eafls. The title, ori–

ginally, died' with tbe mao. William the eooqueror

'6rn mide

hereditary, giving it io Cee tOhis nobles,

and allolting them for the fupport

their nate the

,third penoy out

the

Ih~riff's

COllrt, .j(fuing out of all

pleas'of the Ihire wheoce tney had their ti\le. But

nowthe malter is quite otherwiCe; for

wh~reas

here–

tofore

eDlIltI

and

cQmitatuJ

were correlativel, aod there

w;! no comes or mi but had a couoty or Ihire for his

m ldom, ,of laterJeals the Jlumber of oarts iocreafing,

and no ,more countics being lefl, divers have !nade

choice oUome eminent part of a county, as Lindfey,

Holland"Clel'tland.

&e.

fome of a Icíl'er pan, as Staf–

.ford,

&,.

otbers have choCeo for their title Come emi–

nent town, as Marlborough, Exeter, Brmol,

&e.

and

.fome bave taken for theit title the'name of a Cmalllil–

lage; their own Ceat or park, as Godolphin, Claren–

don,

&e.

An mi is mated by cinaure of Cword, man–

tle of nate pUt upon him by the kiog himCelf, aClIp and

cor,onetllut .opon his,head,

an~

a charter iD his hand.

AlI the mis of Eogland are denominated from fome

!hire, town or place, except three; two'of whom,

viz.

carl Rivers, and earl Paulet, take their denomination

from illunrious familics: the third is not only honorary,

all .the ren, but alfo ofliciiry. as theearl-marlhaJ of

Englaod.

EARL-marfha /

Eng/and.

is a great oflicer who had

aocieotly Ceveral couns uoder his jurifdiaion, as the

coun of chivalry, and the court of honour. Under

him is alCo the' hmld's oflice or college of arms. He

hatlr Come Ple.emine&ce in tRe coun of Mar!halCea,

where he Olay fit In jud'gment againn thoCe who otfend

within the verge of the king's coun. Tbis ofliee is of

grcat antiquity in England, and ancieotly of greater

power than now : and has beeo for Ceveral ages here–

dimy in the mon noble family of Howard.

EARNEST, in SeolS law, a piece of money COmetiAles

given by a buyer, in evidence that the Cale or conma

is compleated. SCt tit.

22-

EARTH, a folTtle, or terreOrial maner, whereof our

globe partlyconfins. See Vo!.·!. p 67.

EUTH, iD anronomy and geography, one of lhe pri–

mlry

planets, bcing thls tmaqueous globe wheleon

we ioh.bit. ee ASTROSO tV and GEOCUPHV.

ItARTHQ.Y

_~,

nat ral hin

ry,

a violent agitati-

E A R

on or

,trem!Jli~g

Come confiderablc pan

Ihe

mIli

gcnerally auendro witb a lerrible noiCe Iike thuJldcr,

and COmeti01es with an eruption of Gre, water, wlOd,

6e.

See PNEUMU ICS.

E,ISEL' PI ECE I, a denomination given by painlees 10

fuch pim s as are cootained in frames;in contradillinc–

lion frnlO thofe paialed Cln cielings,

&e.

EASE)1ENT, in law, a privilege or conrenience which

one, neighbour has of another, whether by charter or

preCcriprion, wi tbout proGt.} Cuch are a way through

his lands, a fink, or the Iike. TheCe, in many cafes,

m~y

c1aiAl~d.

EASING , in the fea,language, fignifies the Oaekenint a

rope, or th: like: thus, .tO eaCe the bo\V-line or Ihett,

is to let thero go Oaeker; to eafe' thehelm ,is to letlbe

fllip go more large, more before the wind, or roorelar–

board.

EASLOW, a borough of' Cornwal, twenty·tlVo miles

Cout~

of Lauocenon, which feodí t\Vo melllbersto par–

lialDent.

EAST, ooeof the four cardinal poinlS of the world ;

bein~

that point of the horizon , where thefun is Celo to rile

wheo in the equinoaia!.

EASTER, a fenival of the chrinianchilrch, obferved iD

O1cmory of our Saviour's reCurreélion.

The Greekscall

itpaMa,

the Luios

pafcha,

ao He–

brew word'figoiCying

pajJagt,

applied tothe Jewilh feaO

of the paífuver.

is called eaner iDthe Englilh, from

the goddefs Eonre, wor!hipped by the Saxoos \Vith pe–

culiarceremooies in the month of April.

The Aúatic churches kept their caner upon the ve–

ry fame day the Jews obferved their pa(fover; and 0-

thers, on the 6rn Sunday after the 6rn full moon iD the

new yeaL This controverfy was determined iD the.

council of Nice, when it was ordained that e.aOernlould

bekept upon one and tqe fame day, wh!clllhould al–

IVays be aSunday, in all ehriOian Churches in the world.

For the method of 6adine eaner by calculation, Cee

Vol. !. p. 49

2•

EASTER~,

ao appellation given to whatmr relms

tO the ean: thus we fay, eaOero amplitude, eallero

church,

&e.

EATON, a tOIVn of Buekinghamlhire, fituated 00 the

north fide of [he Thames, oppoGle tOWindfor, aod

famous for its collegial Cchool, fouoded by king

~enry

VI being a feminary for king's college Cambndge,

the fellows of which are tll from this Cchoo!.

EAVf

in architeélure, the margin or édge of the

roof of an hauCe; being the lowen tiles, naIf

or the

like, that hang over the walls, tO throw off water

tOa dinaoee from the \Vall

EBBI G

tht tides.

See Vol.

p. 473·

EBDOMARlUS, in ecclefianical writers, an o/!icer

formelly appoloted weekly to fuperintend the perfllm–

ance of di.ine

C~rvtee

in cathedral!, and preCcrrbe the

duties of each perCon anendiogin tbe choir, as tOrcad–

ing, finging, praying,

cre.

EBE U , the EBONy-n,EE, in

bo~ny,

a genus of

the diaddphia decandria clafs. The calix hasa nam–

ber of [mall

hairy

tmb, as long as the cololla; Ihe

·,oro