1000000030

D Y E

threads gnd webs oC them ,v,lÍth woods, roo!s, he

ros,

feeds,

lea.es,

fAlrl, limes, lixiviums, waters', hears, fer–

meotatioos, macerations, and olher great variety of ma–

nagemcnl: ao

a~couot

of all which is

fhor! hiftory

of dyeing;

1'he

rlJaltriR/r

vid

¡he,

UI'¡

OYEING, are iron and

/leel,or what is produced frem them in all true hlacks,

called Spaoifh hJaeks, though oot in Flanders blaeks,

~iz.

tbey ufe eopperas, /leel-filiogs, aod Oippe; Ihey

alfo ufe pewter for BOIV,dye fcarlel ,

~iz.

they dilfolve

hars of

~ewte~

in aquaforlis; lilharge is alfo uCed by

fome, lhough aekoowledged by few tO add weight tO

dyed filk. AOlimony is mueh ufed 10 Ihe fame por–

pofe. forrénie is ufed in erimfon upon pretenee of gi–

'riog lullre,

almou~h

thofe wno prelend oot 10 be want–

·ing io giviog lunre 10 their filks difowo ils ufe. Ver–

digreafe is alfo ufed by linen-dym io tbeir yello\V and

greenifh eolours ; t,hough, of ióelf, i,l nrikes 00 deep–

colour Ihao Ihal of-a pale /lraw. Of mineral f.11S

ufed in dyeing, the ebief is alum; the lrue ufe where–

of feems to be in.regard to rhe fixation of eolours.

The next mineral falt is fallpetre, nOI ufed by aneient

dyers, and bUI by few of lhe modern: nor is it yet u–

fed but to brighleo eolours, by

back.bo'

iling of Ihem,

f~r

whieh argol is more commonly ufed : lime is lJluch

ufed in workiog blue vals.

Ihe aoimal lribes are ufed cochineal, urioe of la–

bouring men kept till it be /lale and Uiokiog, honey,

yolks of eggs, and ox'gall; the ufe 01 the urine is 10

feour, and help lhe fermenting and healing of woad ;

and is ufed alfo in blue-vats inllead of lime: il -dif–

chargeth me yellow, aod Iberefore is ufed 10 fpeod

weld wilhal.

Oyers ufe I\VO fons of water,

~iz.

river and well–

water; the lafl,

which.is

harfh, Ihey ule in redi aod

olher eolours wantiog reflriogeocy, aod in-dyeing ma–

lerials of Ine flacker co'otextures, as in callicoe, fuflian,

and the feveral fpeeies of cOtlon,works; but is not

good for blues, aod' makes yellows and greens look

rufly. River,w.lter is more fat and,oily, and is Ihere–

(6re ufed io moa cafes, and mufl be had io great .quan–

lities for waíhing and riofing Iheir c10ths after dyeiog.

'Water is called by dyel1l white liquor; but a mixture

of ooe par! bran, and 6ve of river-water, boiled an hour

and pUl intO leadeo ciflerns tOfetde, ii what

tbe~'

call

liquor abfolutely.

Gum. have beeo ufed by dyers about filk,

viz.

gum

arabie, tragacaolh, maflie, dragon's blood. Thefe tend

lillle to

Ihe~inélure,

any mbre than

~um

io writing-ink,

","ich only gives il a confiflence; fa gum may give the

filk agloffin,fs; and,lalUy. 10 iccreafe the wei¡;ht.

The three reculiar

íogredi~ts

for black are coppe–

ras, fiimgsof lIeel, aod lIippe: the reflringect binding

materials are alder-bark, pomegranate-peels, '",alnut–

rinds and roots .oakenCapling bark, and Caw-du/l of tbe

fame, crab,tree bark, galls, and Cumac.

The fahs are alum, Cah'pet,e, fal armooiac,pot.afu–

es, and

flone, lime ~

amoog which urine may be enume–

raled as a liquid Cal!.

The liquorsar; \VeU and'river water, urine, aquavi-

\loL . I!.

N°

45.

D Y E

tre,

vinegar,lemon juice, aquafortis, honey, and molalfes.

[ngredients of another claCs are bran, whmen,Boor,

yokes of eggs, leaven, curnmin fced, fenugreek feed,

agaric, and fen na.

The f;nedics,

abner6ves, are fuller's earÚ!, Coap,

lioCeed,oil, aod ox 'gall.

ihe nH!lals aod minerals

~re

pewter, .verdigreale,

anlimocy, litharge, and arfenic.

The eolourings are oF Ibree forlS,

~iz ,

blue, yellow,

and red

which logwbod, ohl fullic, indigo; and

madder,

~re

the ehief.

Genera/ ohftrvalionr upen

DYE I ~G.

AH materials which of themCeives do 'give colaur

are eilher red, yellow,. or blue;

.Co

that OUt of rbem,

and Ihe primitive fuodamental colour )Vhite, aU ·!lnt

great variety whieh we Cee iD dyed nds dOlh .ariCe.

That fewof the colouriogmaterfals, as eochineal,

foot, wood-wax, woad,

ó e.

are in.Iheir outward aad

firfl appearaoce of the Came colour, ",hich by the

flightell difl'empm 'and folutiool in the wealtell .níen.

IIrua; they dye upon cloth, filk,

be.

3. Tirar roaoy ollhero will not yield tbcir colours

without much griodiog, lIeeping, boiling and ferment–

íng, or corroGon by pOlVerful menflrua, as red.wood,

weld, woad, arOOIlO,

be,

4.That many of the,mwill of themfelves gi.e no

colouriog at

al~

as éoppms or g11k', or ",ilb much

difadvamage, uolefs the c10th orother nuf'lo be dyed

be as it were 6rfl covered, or iocruflated Wilb fome o–

ther mmer, though coloudefs aforehaod, as madder,

weld, brazil, with alum.

That Come of mem, by Ihe,help of other cólour–

.Iefs ingrediente, do ltrike different colours from wha¡

tbey would of tbemCelves, as eochioeal, braiil,

be.

6. That fome colours, as madder, iodigo, and woad,

byreiterated tioélures, will at lan become black.

7,That although 'greeo be the mofl frequeot aod

the mofl common of natural

~olours,

yel there is DO

fimple ingredient )lOW ufed alone tO dye greeo with

upoo any mnterial; fap.greenbeing the.ñearell, which

.>jj,

üred by eouotry people.

B. There i6 00 black thing io uCe which dyes black,

',lIough both the coal and Coot of mofl things burnt

or fcorched be

that eolour, and the blaeker, by how

muen the maner before bciog burot was whiter, as in

¡vory bJack.

9.'The

tinaur~

of.fome dyeing lIufl's \ViII fRde even

witn Iying, or with the ail, or will flainwitn watet

ooly, hut 'Very mueh Wilh urine, . ioegar,

!/Je.

10.

Some o( the dyeiog material. ar,e ufed-Io bincf

and /lreogthen a colour: fome to brighten

i~;

fome to

,give luflre to the lIuff; fome to difc_barge aRd tak.e

off

,.the 'colaur, either io

whol~

or ,io par!; aod .fome out

of,fraud,

made tlje material dyed, if.coflly, hu.–

vier.

I't. That Come dyeiog ingrellients,

odlrug!,

bjr1he

coarfenefs of their bodie!; make the thread of the dyed

¡¡ufF feem eoarfer; aod !bme, by fhrinkiog thétil,

Imaller

aod Come, by fmootbiog tbem, 60Cf,

t~.z

¡a.