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e n. o 295 e R o
Jrie.11, ~nd has five teeth; the eorolla h2s nve petals ;
and Ihe lI,mina are (10m ro to t 5. The ealix o( the
(em, l, eonlills of many leaves; it h~s no eorolla; btlt
ha, three bifid fiyli; and the e3p(ule has three eells,
and eontains one fced. Thcre are 2 t (peeies, oone o(
Ihem n31ivcs o( Bri"lin.
CROTOY, a !Own o( F ranee, fi",ated in lile prooml>! of
y, al the OIouth of the river Somme : E. long.
1° ~o', and N. lat. íO· IS'.
CROll P DI. hor¡_. in lhe mcnage, lheextremity of lhe
relOs abo,'e lhe hips.
CROUPADE, in the menage, a Ie2p, in whieh the horfe
plllls up his hind legs, as if he drew tbem up 10 his
belly.
CROW, or CAaRION 'CR OW, in ornithology. See
CORVUS.
j(,):fion CR OW. Sec CORV US .
CR OW, in meehanics, a kind of iron lever, Wilh a c1aw
at one end, and a Ibarp point at Ihe olher ; ufed for
hcaving or purchafing great weights.
CROW'S BILL, among lurgeoos, a kind of (oreers, for
dr.wing bullets and other foreigo bod,C! OUl of
" ounds.
CRO\l"FLOWEaS, io bOlany. See L VCHNI!
e ROW'S FEET, in themilitaryart, maehinesofiron., ha·
"ing (ou r pOiOlS, caeh about time or four ioches long,
fo made, lhat whatever way they fall, thefe is fiill a
POiOl up: Ihey are thrown upon breaehes, or in palres
where the tJlemy's eavalry are 10 m"rch, proving very
troublefome by running iOlOlhe hor!'e's feet and laming
lhem.
e ROW'S rEET, in aIbip, fmalllines or ropes, fomelimes
eighl or ten, reeved tllloughlhe deadmens eyes; 3nd
fearee of any other ufe Ihan 10 make a Ibew of fm,1I
rigging. They are ufually placed al lhe botlolll of
the back.fiays of Ihe fore'lop.maH, mizen' lOp·maH,
and gallant'lop-mall.
eROW'S rOÓT, in botany. See RA NUNCU LUS.
CRQWL.AND, a markeHowo of Lincolnlbire: W.
long. lO', aod N.lat. 51.40'.
CROWN, an ornamenl \Vorn on Ihe head by kings, fo·
meign princes, aod noblemen, as amark of lheir dig–
ni,y.
Infcriplure Ihere IS frequent mention of erowns,
and the ufe of them fe ems to hayc been very common
among IheH,brews. The high priell IVore a crown,
whieh was a fillet of gold pl.ced upon Ihe forehead,
and lied with a ribbon of h\3cimh colour, or azure
blue. lt feems al(o as if prime prielts, and <ven
ComOlon IfraelÍtes, w ..re alfo a fort of crown, finee
Cod commaods Elekiel not 10 take off his erOll/n,
nor .trume Ihe m3rks of one in mOllrniog. TIIIS
crown II/a. no more Ihan R ribbon or (¡lit" wllh whieh
tite J"'I and f~veral people io tite c~O girt Iheir
And In¿ced the (¡di elOIVOS wcrc 00 mure lhao ¡\ ban–
delel drawo rOllnd lite he"l, aod neo h"hiod, ns \Ve
nill fee il rrpldeoted round ,he neaJs u( Ju·
plter, Ihe I'lolemies, and kio~s 01' S)'..... A(tl'r·
WdfO. Ihey lonfill,d o( twu h."ddCl!: hy d~~rees
lhey look brandlcs of Irces o( dIvas kinds ; al Icngdl
"itey addco RU\I'm, iofumoch IIt.t U.udius Salllloi·
VOL. II. NO' 4 I ,
nus fay" thrre \Vas nOI any plant whereof eroll'ns had
not beco mlde. The woods ano ~roves IVere (e;\IcbcJ
to lind ditrerent erowns fo r the lereral deilies; and
,hey were ufed not only on Ihe Oatues and images of
the gods, by Ihe priells in faeriliclng, and by king'
Rnd emperors, bm alfo on altar!, ,cmples, deors of
hUllfcs, faered vtlrels, vi8ims, nlips, ce.
Thc ROMan emperors had four kinds o( erOlVAS,
fiill feen on lIledals, oiz. a crown of laurel, a "d,,1
nI' raoialing crOIVn, a erOwn adol ned IVilh pearl. ar· 1
preeious Itones, and the fOllnh a kiod 01' bonoet or
c. p, fUlllelhing like Ihe monier.
The Ron,"os h.d .1(0 various kind, of erowns,
whieh theydiOribUled as rewards of m:litary atehie"e–
meots; as, l. 'fhe oval crowo, made of m)'rtle. and
bellowcd upon generals, who w"e emitled to Ihe bo·
nours 01' the letra trillmph, called o",tion. 2. The
nav.1or roltral erown, compofed o( a eirele of gold,
wilh ornaments reprefc/Hing beaks of nlips, and gi. eo
to the eaptainwho firn grappled, or Ihe Joldier who
Grfi boarded, an enemy's Ibip. 3. The erown called
in Lalin vallari., or eaOrenfi" a cirele of gold rai–
fed wilh jewels' or palifades; ,he reward o( him who
firn (oreed the enemy's entrenehmems. 4' The muo
ral erowo, a eirde of eold indeoted and embattled ;
given to him who firfl mounted the wall of a betiegerl
place, 3nd there lodged ~. lIandard. 5. The cirie
crown, made of Ihe branehof a greeo oak, and gil'en
himwho had faved lhe life of a eiliun. 6. The tri·
umpbal crown, eonfiiling at lidl of I'Irmh, of laurel,
but aftcflvards made of gold ; proper tO fueh generals
as had lhe honourof a trium~l. 7. The crOlVll call–
ed obfidionalrJ, or graminea, made of grafs growing
on the place; Ihe relVard of a general who had de·
livered a Roman arlOy frolO a liege. 8. The eroll'n
of laurel. given by the Greeks 10 Iheir athlela:; and
by the Romans 10 thofe who h.d negoeiat,d or con·
lirmed a peaee with an enemy: Ihis was Ihe lea!! ho·
nourable of all. \Vemeet allo wilh the COrona aure..
o(ten befiowed 00 foldiers, withom anyolheradelition.u
te! m; theradial erown, gi"en 10 prinees at their tranf–
I"ion amoog the gnds; alhiede Clown" and crOIVIlS
of laurel, dcllined 10 erowllritltms al the publl~ gam",
pom, o"tors, &e. AlIlhcfe erOIVns were m3\ks ot'
nobility 10 Ihe IVearers; and upon compellllons wilh
rivals for rank anel dignilies. oflcn delcrmined the
preferenee in tI,eir (al'ollr. See Plale LXV!. lig. S.
nO. 1. 2. 3. &e.
'Th( ¡/IIpmal CROW~ is a bonoel or , with a femi.
circl~ of told, fllpponing a globe 11'111, a er~(s at /el'.
Sec PI... l.lig. 9. nO. l.
n, I1riliJh CROWN is adorneu wilh (ollr crolb, be.
t"'ern'."hieh Ihere are f,It" Ikllrs de 1,,: il is e'"a,.1
" ilh fOllr diadcllls, wh,ch :nt'el .t :1 hllle globc lul"
porllng a elnl~. Ibid. n'.~ .
'TI., F"ud, CROlVN, is a <i rde o( ,'i,:hl Ilellrs ,!,' Ii"
enrolOpan.." IVllh fix diJdellls . he<rillg JI "'1' .1 d,\Uhlo
"""5 de lis, whkh is the crdl ..f Fran,·e. Itl.!. O" . ;.
'7,,, ,lp,III'J'h CROWN IS .Idorned with 1.\I~e In,leo/,·.1
Il.lvest ílUrl ('(Hered wlth \li.ldCll1s tc.:rnun,Hill& 10 ,l
gl,,"~, (1IlIlIollnleu widl .1 ,·r~(s. JI,..!. n' . 4.
t ·1 F TI,·