1000000030

·CRoprFR . in

ornitllnlo~y .

See COLlIMRA.

CltDS IER . or CR07 IfR, a Olepherd's crollk; a

Cym–

[,01oi' p.llJoral aUlhorilY, eonlilJingof a

~old

or filve r

n,n·. cnloked al Ihe 10p.

ird

oer~fioo,lIy

bdore

l"II",l's .10.1

~¡'GOIS.

antl hdJ in Ihe ha"d \Vhen Ihey

~i\'c

lhc fi,lcmll

hco~diélions.

Thc cuntlm of

bl'~ring

1'.1110,.,11 liAR'

bcrCllc

hilh0l's i, reryanciel\!. Rlgular

nhhOls

<fe

all"IVcd lOotficiale IVilh.' mitre and crofia.

Am,,"~

Ihe

Gr~cks

none hUI a patriareh ha,1a riShl

Ih~

(Iofier.

'CRO! I

R, in . Ihonom)'. COll r

11m

in lhe foulhern he–

milrher~,

in Ihe for",

a croC,, C<rl'ing IhoCe \Vho

CJil in (oulh I.lIilurles lOfind Ihe anear{lic pole.

CROSLET, in hcrAldry, is IVhcn a crofs is crofl'eo a·

~ain

a Cmal!

din.,nc~

fromcach

tI\e ends. Uplon

(.'ys il is nJI to of,cn borne byi!Celf in arms, as olher

cror,~s

are, bUI of,en in diminuli"es, Ih'l is, in Cmall

cron~ls

Cea!tmd aboul Ihe lidd. See

PI.le

Vi.

Gg.

'CROSS, in anliqoily, a

Cpeei~s

puniOlOlenl, or ralher

Ihe inOrumenl whmlVilh il II'JS inOi{leo, confiRins

of , "Opiec.; uf wooo crolling edrh olher.

This punilhmenl IVas only inH:tt :J on maltCarlors

and n.lleS, AnJ Ihencc eallccl

(rvii<

IUNI,cill'".

The

mollnfu.1I mctho.1'm 'o nail Ihe cnnunal's h.nJs and

feel lO Ihis machine, in an m{l ponnre ; Ihongh Ihere

are innances of cmninals lo n.,¡led wilh ,hei r head

clolVnlV.trd.

¡I/L'<n/ion ef

/h,

CROSS. a fcniv,l obCaved on May

1,)' Ihe Lalin church, in memory uC Ihe empreCs He–

I:nú (Ihe mOlheroC Conflantine)

no~iog

Ihetrile cro(s

of Chrin on moun, C.lvarl', \Vhere O,e caufed ere{l a

chllrch for lh: preC.rration of il.

E.«

II.oi

",/ if /ht

CKOSS, a grand fenival Colemoized on

Seplembcr 14. in cnmmemoration

Heraclius's re–

Iloring lO0I0Un! Calv"l' Ihe true crofs, lhal ha" been

carried off

Cofroes

~ins

of Perfia, upon lakins lhe

tÍlyof jerufalem.

Orda

/he

CR OS!, an order of ladies ioniluled in

1668. by Ihe emprefs Eleanora de Gonugua, \Vife of

the emperor Leopohl, on occafion of Iht OIi,,!Culou,

recover)' of a li!tlc

g.lld~n

crofs, whmio \Vere inclllfed

I\VO piem of Ihe true crofs. Out of Ihe alhes

a pan

lhe palace lhal

ha~

been burol down: though lhe

(lfe burnl Ihe eafe \'Iherein il was

encloCe~. an~

me"e"

the crrllal. il appms Ibal Ihe wood h.d nOI rrcmed

lhe Itan u¡ma;".

Cl OIS, rn hmldry. ao ordinuy eompofed

fourfold

lints, \Vhereof 1\'10 are perpendiculJr, and Ihe olher

IWO mnC\'lrCe; for fo we mun eonceive of Ihem ,

though

tI~er

al e

~Ol

cltAwn Ihroughoul, bUI meel, by

courles, In four nghl aoglcs, near about lhe fefl'e.poin!

uf ehe efcutcheon. The conteol of a crofs is nO! al.

\Vays Ihe fame; for \Vhen il is nOI chargeel. il has only

lhe 6flh pan of Ihe fidd; bUI if il be clldrseJ,

tI.en

il mull conlain Ihe Ihird pan lhereor.

This bming

lOAS

b,fio...eel

fuch as had perform–

ed, or al k.n unrlcn.lkco fome fmice for CI"ill

30d II,e Chnnlan pu'(dli,.n; anel,s Iherefore held by

fove,,1 autllo:s Ihe 01,,11

l.on

"urJble charge in a1l11e–

raldr)'. What brouillu

iolOfu h fre

ULnt

uft \ ¡S

the aneient "pedieioo! into lhe holy land, ehe crol.

beinS ,he enligol or lh" w¡r.

IhcC~

IV"',

Ihe Seols carried SI Andre",'s crofs;

the F,ench. a erels argenl ; Ihe Englilh, a Cl O(S or;

Ihe (;ennans, C.ble; lhe 1I,lians, azure; Ihe Spa–

niuds. gules.

CROSS II AR-SltOT, a bullee wilh an iron-bar pafling

Ihrough il , and II;IIld,ngfix or cighl inchel OUI "ho'h

(¡de, : il is ufed al fea, for dellroyinS ,he enemy'!

risging.

CRO SS oILL, in ornitllology. See LOXI A.

(' ROSS 'WOR T, in hotany. See VALhNTIA .

CROSSELET, a li!tle or diminulive crofs, ufed in he-

ral~1

y. IVhere Ihe Ihieid is frequently Ceen comed

wilh crofl'clels; alCo fefl'es aod olher honourable ordi–

nanes, clwged or accompanierl wilh crofl'dm. Crurres

fre94ently I(rmin.lle in crofii:lm. See Pble

LXVI.

Gg.

CROTALARIA, in bOlany, a gen\l.l of ,he

~iadtlpl'¡a

decandri cI. Cs. The pud is fwollen, in"atet!, and

pedicell.lleJ. There are elevcn Cpeeies, noneof Ihem

nalives of Brilain.

CRO i'ALUPHO!WS, in looloSY' See CROTA-

LUS.

CR OT.~ LUS,

or RATTL E-s

H l,

looloSY,

a ge–

nus bclonging to Ihe order of amphibia fcrpenles, Ihe

chara{lers of "IIIch are IheCe: The belly is fUI nilhed

"ilh Ccula. anrl Iheeail h,s bOlh Ccma and fcales; bUI

Ihe principal chm{leriflic of Ihis senus, is Ihe ranle

al Ihe end of Ihe tail. The rmles co0611

feveral

articulAlld cru llaceous, or mher horny bass, "hich

make a conficlerable ranling noife wken Ihe crcalure

move!, and fen'e,

waro people of Iheir approacJl.

There are fi"e

Cp~cies.

and lhe bi te of cvery

o.ne

Ihem is fo hiShly poiConous, Ihal il gener.,lIy kills rn

a Ihon limc.

l .

Tbe horridns, or Americao ralllc–

Cnake, has t67 Ceuta, and

~-U\ell:c.

¡,

is seomUy

of an

or~nge,

lawny, or blackin, colour on Ihe b¡ck,

and Ihe bclly is anl coloured: lheyare f,om four lO

fix inchesin

Icn~lh;

fume are as Ihick as a m

to'S

I.g:

Dr T)fondifl'c8cd one which was four feel five Inches

Illn~,

anJ

lh~

body fix and a half incite! in dia,"eler.

They de"our hirds, fquimls, hares,

Oc.

The

miliaris has

Ceula, and

l f' UltU:!:. h

arh-c,o–

loured, inlelfperfed .'ilhbl,ck fpOIS, 3nd is anaure of

('arollOa.

The dryinas has 165 fcuta, and

3°

fcmel!:r. h is \\'hililh, wilh a felV yellow fpotl, and

i. a nalire of !\mcrica.

~ .

The durirrus has

1)2

fcula,

anel

fculell:c.

is vanegmo "ilh "hile aod yello

colonrs, aDd js likewife found in America. 5. TIte

mUlus has

l7 fema, aod 34 fculellx.

1m a chaio

rlromboidll blaek fpol! on Ihe !tack, a blAck IIOc

L.hin.! Ihe el' s, ano ,; , nalire of urioam.

C'IWTCHET, in muGc. une of Ihe nOles or chm{lcn

of !!Iue, marhd Ihu!

cqu¡1 lO half a mIOUOl, aod

,I.l\:ble of a

(' ROTCHET! 2'rt alfo mlrk or chmélm, fwing lO 10-

r!ofe a \\'oro (.r fenlence whieh is dininguilheel from Ihe

r n. 1"'11\': g_nmll)

lhis fOlm

[J,

or Ihls ().

ro ,

bJlan)', a r.eou, of rl¡nl$of lile. mooDC–

cia pol¡andriJ c1afs_ Tire CJlix of lite ruJie

c~II"'J

drt ,