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CUSTOM, a vcry compr(}lcnfive term, denoting the
maoners, ceremonies and fanlioos of a people, which
haviog tu roed iOlOa habil, aoel palftd inlo llCe, oblains
the force of I.IIOS; io which CenCe it implies Cuch uCa.
gel, as, though voluntary at ~rH, are yct, by praélice,
become neccflary .
Cuflomis hence, both by Jawym ami civilians, de·
fio ed /'X IIPII ((ripia, a laIV, or righl. nOl wrinen,
enablinled·by long uCage, aod the conCenl of ou r ano
cenors: in which CenCe il nands oppoCed to the /<x
¡rl'ipltl, or lhe wriuen law.
CUSTom, in commcrce, lhe lribule or toll. paid by
m~rchants 10 lhe king, for goods exponed or impon .
ed : they are oth erwiCe called dmics. See Dun .
CUSTOM HO USE , an offi ce ellablinled by lhc king's au·
lhorilYin the marilime citi~s, or pOIHownl, for the
receipl and managemenl of the cuHollls and duucs of
impurtalion anJ exportalion, iml'0Ccd 011 mérehanJiCes ,
aod rcgulateJ by books of rale!
CUS'fOS bnviu/n, lhc pnncipal c1erk hdunging to lhe
court of common picas, whoCe bu~ncCs il is 10 receive
and keep all the writs ftlUrn.I{,le in lhal cou n,
Ciliog every relurn by itCelf; and, al the end of each
tenn, 10 rcceive of lhe prolhonolaries all lhe records
of Ihe nir. prius, called the polleas.
CUHOS rolu/.r/llll, an olficer who has lhe cnnoJy of lhe
rolls and records of th: Ceffinos of peAce, and alCo of
the commiffion of the peace ilfd f.
He ufllally is Come perCon of quality, and always a
junice of the peace, of the quorum, in the county
whm he is appointed.
Cu no sfplrilua/iuln, he that exerciCes the Cpiritual ju.
"fdié\ion of a diocefe, d4ring lhe facancy of any ICe,
"'hich, by the cano~ law. b~longs to thc dcan and
chapter ; bu t at preCenl, in England, to the archbifhop
o( lhe pro.ince, by preCcriptioo.
CI'S TOSlell/p"o/il/," "'as thc perfon to wholll a vacant
Cee or abbey \Vas gillen by lhe king, as Cuprelne lord.
H,s officc lI'as, as neward of the goods and profits, 10
~Ive an account tOthe eC,heator, \Vho Jid the likc to
lhe c~ch<qucr.
U'fAMHU LI . cenain IYorms, cilher under lhe O(in,
or . pon 11, which, by lhcir cre<plOg, cduCe an uoe. .ry
CeoCJlion. lt is alCo applicd 10 IVdodcliog Ccorbutic
pltlll!.
CUT.A.FEATHER, in lbe Cea language. Ir a Olip
has too ~ro¡d d bulV, il is comnllJo 10 CJY, ./1. e ,",11
n,1 cut a/'"t~rr; lhat is, !he will nol p.,CS lbrough
lhe 1·.ler (¡, flOlfl. as 10 nukc il foam or frolh.
UTA , EOU , in general••n al'pdlJtion ((o
wh4t<ver btlon~s tO the cutis or fkin.
(V I I ' LE, inan.llomy. See Vol. l. p.28r.
CUTlt UL \R Ihe (dl1l~ IlI th eutancous.
l'L'T!~. the S~I/1, 10 JOHtOIllV. Sec \" ,1. J. p. 1;4'
'L'T I'I::R el t~( I.,'/in • •n oÓicer of lhe exchequ 'r,
"'ho e bJlmcCs IS tu pro.,,1 \I\KIJ fur the t.tllies, ((o
cUI or notd, ti:' fu:n pald upon t!:em i aotl lheo 10
Clil lo,m Inl~C"UII , lo, be IVrtltCll upon. SecTALL\'.
L'lI'L: .· FlSI I. Sec, lrl A
ZT, ti,"mull o PIO\!O'" oC the kio¡:rlOOl uf Fe:,
IU Ar".•.
CYANUS , in botany. See CEHAVRIA .
CYATHUS, in Roman antiquity, a liquid IOcaCprc.
containiog four ligulas, Or half a pint En¡;li!h \Vloe·
mea(ure, beiog 469+ folid ioches.
CYCLAMEN, or SOW'B RHO, in botany, a gentls of
the pentanelria monogyoia claCs. The corolla is rota·
ted aoJ reneéled ; the tube is very Olon, Wilh B p'ro·
minent faux i and the berry is covered with a capfule.
'fhere are t\Vo fpccies, none of them nati"es of Dri·
tain. 'fhe root is a powerful aperient and abfllfgeot.
CYCLE. See Vol. 1. p. 49 t.
CYCLEo( Ihe InOM. See Vol. 1. p. 49 1.
CY CLE of t~t ROlnon irrdi{/ioll. See Vol. !. p. 49t.
CYCLlSCUS, in furgery, ao innmment in the farOl of
a half moon, uled io feraping the Olull, io caCe of
fraélures of thal part o
CYCLOID. a curve onwhich the dcélrioe of pendultlm~ '
aod lime meaCuring ionruments io a great me,fure de·
pend; Mr Ii uygens dcmonflratcd , that fromwhateve!
point or height a h~avy body, oCciJluing 00 a fi xed
centre, begios to deCcend, while it contioues to mOYe
in ,cyeluiJ, lhe time of its falls or oCcilldlions \1ill
be equal to each other. It is JikcwiCe demoon rable,
that il is the curve of quicken deCccnt, i. e. ¡ bOlly
falling in it, fromany given POiOl auoye, to anolher
oOt ~xaél ly under il, lVill come tOthis point in a leC~
time thao in arry olher cUrve palline through thofe til'O
pOiOlS.
CYCLOMETRY, a term fometimes ufed for the meno
Curalioo of ci rcles.
CYCLOPAi:DI A, or ENCYCLOP A;OI A, denotes the
cirele or compafs of arts and fcienm. Acycl~p ,
fay the aUlhors of the Freoeh Encyclopredia, ough¡
to expl.lin, as much as polliblc, the order and coo·
ncélion of human knolVl~dge. See D,eTl o NARY.
CYCLOPTERUS, th~ L V~I P-F1SH, i~ icbthyalogy, a
genus bdonging 10 the order of amphibi1 o"nles. 'rhe
head is obruCe, alld furninl~d Wilh f.w leeth ; lh" c
are four ra)'s in lhe gill, ; alld the bcJl y· fins are C0n.
ncéled IOgelhtr in an orbicular form o There alC¡llIce
fptries.
CYDER, an excell, Ol orink made 01 the JUI':': of apples.
lt conduces grCdlly 10 the goodoeCs of the cyder. tO let
lhe apples hc a lVeek or t\Vo in heap', before lhey are
p' elf<d. Afler flra",ing the li'luor th rou~h a ~ ve, lel it
nano aday or til'O in an opeo turo, COI " erl only lVilh a
clOlh, or I>o«d, to keep out lhe dull, !1m Ihe more
groCs parll may fublide. T hen draw il ofi' io p.ils in.
tO,,¡rels, wherelo it is intenJed 10 be kepr. obCw'ioo
tO1~3ve .n ciRllth part oflh~m empty. Sl't Ihtfe "cr.
tls in )'our coh\dl cellars, wllh the bunR open. Or
rOI'CreJ only with a looCe C"Vtr, bu h that Ih~ r<llJ¡il:
fh:.lms lItay hale Iltc rent, aoó Ihat lhe mun lita)' ¡'e
kl pt coul. olhul'l,fe it " "PI to fermem tC0 m~ch .
Hnl'lng ('·I'III. '" lhi< 1O.:nncr for fifl.:en or t'.\'eo:y
da)l, lhl' n·lf~ ll1I. 7 be flurrrllup liJf, ; .111,1. in t\l<l
or Ihle, IIIln lh~ lllne, lhc e)',I.. "ill b! Jit for Jrlll!:.
ing. Hltt If you expeé\ cyJ<r In r"f,,'lton. CO~! 1
Oow"r 111 lhe ~IAfs, 11 mul! be ;:ilt,,1 as Ihe)' ,'JII i, .
anrl .lr311'0 off tllttl hJtdcs, af" , It h.s b~:n a Ih", t
tlllle in th cdl:,: tllIS il don: l'~' I''''I' '''¡; i,!!.' el hl' f·
, .
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