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e H
Ihe worJ comes from Ihe P,rfiao trh,Me /II;1I4r, Ihal
is 10 c.'y, forr y lo"'<,rs.
n on Garws ,le Silv., Figuero~, l'imo dell~ Vnlle,
Sir Jolln Char.!,n, ami Le llrun, ha!"e been ver)" p.\!.
lieular in dcfcribiog Ih& ruios.
There appear, f~y Ihey, Ihe remaios oC oenr four·
feore eolumns , Ihe fragmenls of whieh are al lean lix
{eel high; bUI Ihere nre onll' nineleen can be cnlled
eOlire, wilh nnolher delaehed from Ihe ren, aboul an
hundred and fifly pms : a rock oC hard blaek Olarble
ferres as a fon odaliun 10 Ihe edifiee: Ihe firn pl.n of
Ihe houCe is aCeended 10 by nioely.five lIeps, all eUI in
Ihe ruá; Ihe gale of lhe is aboul lweoly {eet
wide, wilh the ligure oC ao dephaot 00 one fide, aod
Ihal of a rhiooeeros on the other, thirty feel high, and
bUlh of poliOled marble: nm Ihefe animals Ihm are
twO eolumns, and not far from thenee the figure of a
pC~.ICUS. After paffiog this nale, are found fragments
of ma~oifie(n! eolumns io white marble, the flOalldt
of which are fiCteen eubits high, the largen eigh leeo,
ha"iog lorty fiutiogs three full ioches wide each; from
wheoee Ive may judge of their thiekoeCs aod olher pro·
ponions. Nm Ihe fale is Ceeo an infcriplioo 00 a
{quare pieee of black marble, coolaioing about tweh'e
Iines; the charallers are of an cxtraordioary figure,
r&Olbliog tri.ogles, or pyramids : befides this, Ihere
are olher inCeriplions, the eharafters of I'Ihich refcm·
ble Ihe Hebrew, Chaldaie, or Syriac; olhers the A·
rabic or Perfian; aod othen, io fine, the Greek eha·
rallm. Dr Hyde, who hath explained the Greek
inCcription, by fupplying fome words that m effoted,
obCerres, that the inCeriptioos are engraved very ne·
gligeotly, and perhaps by fome Coldiers; oro if Ihey
are Ihe work of an engraver, he Ihiok, Ihal he was
from Palmyra, aod conCequeotly Ihat Ihey are io Ihe
Phrenieian tongue : he adds, Ihat as they are in praiCe
of Alexaoder, Ihey were probably done in the lime of
Ihat eonqueror.
CHILTERN, a chaio of chalky hills, ruooing from ean
to wen through Buckiogharl!fhire.
CHIMJERA, in geography, a port·town of Turky in
Eurore, filualed at the 'entrance of Ihe gulph of Ve·
niee, io the provinee of Epirus, about Ihirty.two
rliles ourth of Ihe cily Corfu, near which arc the
mouotaios of Chimzra, which divide Epirus from
Thclfaly: E. long. 20· 40" and N. lat. 40° 20'.
CHIMAY, Ihe name oC a great lake, Iying in Ihe pro·
rioee of Acham, between the Eafl·lodie! ~nd Chioa.
CHIMERA, a fabulous monfler, whieh Ihe poetS feign
to have Ihe head of a lion, Ihe body of a goat, and
the tail of a oragon; and add, that Ihisodd bean was
kill~d by Bellerophoo. The fouo,lation of Ihe fable
was, that in Lyeia Ihere was a burniog , or
vulcaoo, of Ihis name: Ihal Ihe top of Ihis mouolain
II'as Ccldom wilhoullion!, nor the mirldle, whieh had
very good Cr:.rs, witholft goals; Ihal ferpentl bred al
Ihe hOllom, whieh \Vas marlhy; and that Bclbophon
rendered the mountain habilable.
By a chimera, among the philoCophCf!, is under·
fI~od a roere crcature of Ihe imagination, eompoCcd of
e H
fueh eontradillioos and abfurdilies as eannol poffibly
auy "I,cre lxiOhllt in IIl!>ugh l.
CHI MI·.S ".fp e/oll, a kin,j uf a periudical mufie, pro.
cluced at e~lIal iOlerval! uf lime, by meaos of i pmi.
eul~r apparatus added to a dock.
CH IMNE. Y, in archile~lure, a particular part of a houfe,
where Ihe firc is made, having a tube Or fuood to caro
ry aw.y the CllIoke. S~e AkcHITECTuRE.
CHI NA, including ChineCe T.rtary, a large empire, fi· .
Imued belween 95° and 135° E. long. and belween
21Q and 55° N. lal. beiog aceounled two IhouCand
miles in lenglh, ano one thouC.,orl he Iounónd in
bre.dth; it is bounded by RuOian Tartary 00 Ihe
north, by the Pacific oe~ao 00 Ihe eafl and foutlo,
and by Tonquin, T ibel, and the twilories of Ruffia
on Ihe \Vefl. lt is ufually divided iOlo fixteen pro·
vinees, whieh will be deferihtd in Iheir alphabellcal
order. In theCe provinees there are compuled 10 be
ooe hundred and fi(ty.r."e capital eilies, ooe thoufaou
Ihree hundred and t\Velve of the fecond rank, IWO
Ihollfan.! dtree hundlen and lifly feveo fort ilied I~wns,
aod upwards of len millions of families, which maya·
mouol to aboul fifly millions of people.
'fhe principal eommodilies of thi~ eouotry are filk,
lea, China warc, Japan.ware, 2nd gold dllfl i of all
whieh Ihe mari'.ime flales of Europe import great
quanlilies, feodiog Ihem (ilver in reluro.
CHIN A·roof, in pharmaey, a medicinal root, brodght bOlh
from Ihe Ean and \Yel! Indies, Iheoce dillinguifhed
into orienlaland occidenlal i it is Ihe rOOI of a fpeeie.
of fnlilax. See S~"L.\ .
CHI NA ·'Ware. See PO RCHAIN .
CHINCA, a pon·lOwo of Peru, io South Amerita, fi–
luated in ao eXleofivc falley, 00 a ri"r of Ihe fame
name, ahollt fixly miles fOUlh of Lima: W.loog.
76·, and S. lal. 13 °.
CHIN CDUCH, a eonvlllfi"e kind of eough, which
children m chieAy fubjea 10. See MEDICINE.
CHINESE, in general, deootes any Ihillg belonging to
China. See CHINA .
lt is obCerved by fome, Ihat Ihe ChineCe laoguage
has 00 analo.~y with aoy olher Iaoguage io the ,,"orld :
il only confins of three hundred and Ihirty words,
whieh are all moooCyllables, al bn they are pro·
nounced fo fhort that !here is no diflinguifhing above
one fyllable or found in Ihem¡ Qul the fame \Vord, a.
prononneed wilh flronger or weaktr tone, has dilfe·
rco! fignificalions; accordingly, ",hen Ihe lao&ua~c is
aecurately Cpoke, it makes a Cort of mufie whi~h ha.
a real mdody, Ihal eonnitules the elfenee aod diflin·
guifhing chamaer of Ihr Chioefe longue.
As to the CiJineCe charallcrs, Ihey are as fiogular
as Ihe language; the Chioefe hav~ not, lik. us, any
alphabet, coolaining the elemenls, or, as it "'ere; Ihe
principies of their \Vords: inHeaJ of an al phabet they
ufe a kind of hicroglyphics, \Vhereof they have abol'e
eiglny thouCand.
As the Chin& prmnd 10 RO anliquity both wilh
regard tO their nalion ~nn arlS, f~r bel'0nd that of any
otller DalioD, il \ViII nUI perhaps be unaeeeplable to
tiTe