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e H 188 e H
that we may judge of a reign uy Ihe dances IVhieh are
uf.d in il.
T J;e 21fI ~nd b,l k:"g of Ihe 91h periud is named V.u·
hoai·chi; bUI Ihey rd:lle nUlhina 01 tlm prinee wllleh IS
wonhv nf nOliee.
2 . '1his IS .Blhal Ihef~blllous limes eonlain. If Ihefe
timel CJnnot enable us 10 fix Ihe re:! cpoeha uf vJrious
¡nventinns, (aJ Ihe Chin& ~re fo full 01 eontrod,tl,ons
¡ boUI the time of Ihefe di!!'"enl d,f.:ovenes), IVe fóe al
le.11 from Ihem, that the origin of arlS l\Js beell mueh
th~ fame ' mong Ihem as ¡mong other nJtlons. We are
nolV eo"·, clolVn 10 Fou·hi, IVho is eonfiJered by Ihe
C'hineV: lo !lorians ,IS Ihe foun/ler of their mon.rehy.
W h~1 Ihe)' f,y of Ihis prinee ano IIIS Cueeefi'ors, has fome
more loliolty in il th~n IVh.n IVe have hithe'rto feen.
FO U H /.
T he Ouai ki, quoteo in Ihe Chinefe annals, Ihns de·
fcribes the manners oC mankind in theCe "In Ihe
beginning, men difl'tred nOlhin~ IrolO ot:'er aninMls m
their way of lile •'s they wanoer~d op and down In the
wonds, and wOI"en were in common, it h.ppened that
ehildrcnnever kntIV Iheir father!, hut only thei, mothers.
Thi y abandoneo Ihtmfelves lO luf! \Vuhout !halOe, and
had nut Ihe Icall iJea oí Ihe lalVs of dmney. '1h.y
thou~hl of nothing bUI Oeepillg and Cnoring. ~nd then
gelllng up and yalVning. Wh¡n hunger prefi'.d Ihem,
they Coc'ght Cor fomelhing to <dI; and when Ihey lVere
gluncd, Ihey thlew the refl a\Vay. They e~1 the very
{ealhen and hair of animals. and their blooo.
They clothed Ihemfclves with Ikins quile hairy. The
emperor Fou·hi be¡:,n by leaehing them to make lines
for cmhing fiOt• •nJ fnares for t,king btrds. . lt IV.S
for Ihis, Ih.1 Ihis prinee IVas named FOil hi·chi. He
!aught Ihem fllrlher 10 feed domellie animals, and lO
fauln them fo'r Oaughler; for which Ihey gavc him Ihe
fi rn:omc 01 Pon·hi·ehl,"
li feems lvidenl , Ihat Ihe aneient C'hinefe load al fi,f1
no olher habitation than eavrs, the hollows of rocks, aod
o~lural uens. 1 hey wm theo. infetleo wilh a kind of
¡nCetl .)r rrplile call,d iang; and when Iltey mel they
alked ooe anolher, Are you "oublcd wilh ial//I'? To
litis oay Ihey make IIfe of litis expreOion, in aOting afl.r
any perCoo's heAhh; C1 "K? Whal difeafe have
you ? Howdo you do ? Vou·i IIIg . I am IVilhoul ial/g;
tltal 's to Cay, I am hemy, in perfea heahh, IVitllOUt
anyailmenl:
h would be fuperAuous to relale hm, \Vhat Ihe Chi·
nef,: I.y. in Iheir anoals. of Ih . invenlien oC cllalaétm,
and of eoua, afler IVhal halh bcro CJ,d by F. COIIl'Iel
and fo many olhers IIn Ihal fubjctl We Ih.tll only add,
th,t Ih~ m alife H,,'¡u bears. Ihal, at Ihe brgilln,ng
oalions were gore' neOby OIeans of errtain knols whieh
thcy made on Oender eorcb: Ih~t .fler\Varrls Ihe CJinl io·
trnrlueed IVriling in their place, 10 alún Ihe manda·
rio! in performing all Iheir oOices, and Ihe peo"l, in ex·
aminin~ Iheir eondlltl; and tltal it was by Ihe Cym.
bol == Kouai, thal he eooduaed hilllfclf in the ex·
ccuti-;o of his IVork.
Lopi. whom \Ve have (., afIen qllote" already, Cays,
thal fou ':1I cXlr.,c!." hoOl Ihe fymhol 01' li~ I,oes evay
~ Ihal eoncerned gooJ gorernmult. for exalllplc,
.. Li gave him Ihe hint of making lines for hunting
ao~ li!h'ng, and theCe lioes \Vere a OCIV oee,fion of in·
venllllg IIlIlTs for garmenls Lopl ~dJs, is a mif·
loke 10 imJgine, that. i" the IlIlles ul rou·hi, they 11011
ul,d co,Js lIed and knol1ed, and Ih41 books II'cre oot
intr.¡dlle,d till under HII4I1g'li.
Fou·hi taughl Oleo 10 rear Ihe fix dOlllcflic animals,
nOI only for food, but all~ for V,allllS, iD Ihe facrifi;,s
wllleh Ihey ofl'eród 10 Ch,n<. and lO Ili. They prelend
thal 1"011 hl regulaled Ihe riles f,,·,ao·cf.,nr.
FOJ·hi airo inlbluteo llIarmge: befole Ihis Ihe ioter·
eourCe of Ihe Cexcs w.,s inJir:rilllinalC; he lel1led Ihe
ecrcnlonies wilh which marn'gcs II'cre to be eontr.c1co,
in IIrd~r 10 renJer tllIS greal [ouodalioo of fueielY re–
Cpe,q.ule. He cOOlmaodcd Ihe 1I'0mCII 10 \Vear a diffa ·
elll d..,rs Crom Ihal oí Ih~ men. ¡nd prohibilerl a man's
marrring a IVoman of Ihe rame nante, whelher ~ relalion
or not, a law whieh is atlually lIillln force.
fou·hi ¡ppoinled fev".1 mlnlllcrs and offieers to allifl
hi~l In Ihe govcl mm nI of Ihe empirt.
Onc01 Ih, C< otneers m.lde the letlers, anolher dre\V "p
Ihe calendar, a 1Imu budt Ihe houles, a foul1h pratlt¡'~d
medic,ne, a tiflh ellltivall!d Ihe ground, ~ tixli, was Ihe
maller of Ih~ woods and w.l<rs.
Thcy prmod Ihal applied himCelf very mucb
to anronomy. The Teheou.pi.fouaoe Cays, Ih" he di·
vid,d Ihe hCdvens 1010 d<grecs. Lopi I.kes notice. Ihat
plOperly Ihe heavens have 00 degrees, bU( Ihal IIIIS1,lIn
is ul~d lVilh rel~lioll lO the palh of Ihe CIIO in the eourre
of a yeac.
The period of fixly years is reckoned due lOFou·hi.
The Tfiene.piene f.,ys plainly, Ihal Ihii princt madc ~
calendar lO lix Ihe year, and Ih" he is the aUlhor of
Kia·ICe. The SJoe·fene fays Ihe Came ¡hing; allJ Ihe
Hane·li·tchi f'ays, Ihat Fou·hi made the Iirn C:llcndar by
Ihe KiHfc; hUI Ihe Chi.pene alcribes Ihis to HO'lng' li.
This is one of Ihefe eOlllradiaions fo eommoo in Ihe Chi·
nele IlIflOI ¡ans.
The faOlI! Fou hi, they fay, acms, and ordained
punilhmcll1s. '1heCe arms IVere uf ~'llIld, Ihole 01 ('hin·
nong were of f1one, and Tehi.yeou made (ome oí n:,I. I.
drainedoff Ihe IVarers, and lurrouOlled Ihe ei·
lies wilh lValls. In Ihe mean lime. as Chin.n ..ng 's e·
lIeemeJ the firll who made IV¡IIs of flonr, IVe ,)mll fup·
pnfe IhJl Ihofe raiCed by Fou·hi ~ ele unly of eanh or
briek.
VOlí·hi ,ules lO lOufie. ThoCe who afcrihe Ihis
fine an lO Hoang'li are declil'cd (Ul' viel' !'f' /a.) ·If·
ter Fon·hi had IOvcnled lir,tiog, h" nla<:" • fong fal' Ihe
fiOlers. lt \Vas from his example Ih.1I Chlll nung maJe
00l· for Ihe lahonrers. .
Fou· hi look of Ihe IVood of Tong ; he ')tade il hol·
101V; . nu 01' il lI¡¿de a ~int (.1Iyre, 01' \\'h.11 ) '11 plt-tfe
10 tr.•"n.lle il) feven feel t\Vo inell" hlOg; Ih, ilrings
IVer. uf lilk, lO Ihe number of ~ 7; he cú,' Ihis
¡nflmmcol to be nameo Lj. Others fay 11 had blll Zí
IInll&s.