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As to Ihe'Ír difpofirioo

the board; the white kiog

is ro be placed on the founh black houfe from rhe

corner

me board, io ¡he fi rn aod \ower rank; aod

the bl.ckkiogis to be placed

the founh whire houfe

the oppofile or adverfary's end of the board. The

qu~ns

ate tO be placed next tO rhe kings, on houfes of

fheir OIVO colour. Next to the kiog aod queeo, on

fach hand, place tbe twO bifhops; oext

lhem,

lh~

lhe lWO koig/m; and lan of all, on the corners of

lhe board, lhe lWO roob. As

lhe pawr.s, lheyare

placed wilhout diruoaioo,

lhe fecond raok of lhe

houfe, one before each of me digoified pieces.

Having lhus difpofed lhe men, the onfel is com–

mQnly beguo by lhe l'awDs, which march (lraighl for–

ward io lheir oWo

61~,

one houfe al a lime, excepl

¡he 6rn move, when il can

advao~

two houfes, but

never

mo.es

backwatds: the manner of lheir taking

~he

adverfary's men, is rtde-ways, In the next

houf~

forwards; wbere having caplivated lhe erJemy, lhey

move forward as before. Tbe rook goes forward or

crofs-ways Ihrongh [he whole 61e, and back agaio .

The k"ight lkips backward aod' forwa(d [O Ihe next

ho'ufe, fave one,

a diJferenl colour, IVi[h a fidliog

march, or a Oope, aod Ihus kjlls his enemies that fall

io bis way,

01'

guards his frieod! Ihat may be expofed

on lha¡ fide o The blfhop walks

alw.ys

io lhe fame

colour of lbe 6eld lhal he is placed in al firn. forward

-and ,backward, aOope,

(JI'

diagonally, as far as he

tin".

THe

q~een's

w.lk

is more univerfal, as fhe

takes all the !teps' of

béfore·meotiooed pieces, ex–

cepÍtDg lhal of thé koighl ; and as lO the king's mo–

tion, il

ooe hoofe al a time, and lhat eilber for–

ward, backward, Ooping, or fide.ways.

'As

the valúe of lhe dilTereol pieces, next

lhe

king is lhe queen, after her lhe rooks, theo the bi–

fhops, and lail of lhedigAi6ed pieces comes lb!! knight.

The differeRce of lhe \W)r(h

pawos, is nOl fo greal

as thal of nobleOlen; ooly, il mun be obferved, lhat

lh~

kioe's bilbop's pawn is lhe befl in lh«' field, and

merefore lhe Olilful gatpe(ler will be c:li eful of him.

ought alfo to be obferfed, lhat whereas any rilan

may

t>ú<en, when he f. lIs wilhin lhe reach of aoy

of Ihe adverfary's piem, il is olherwife Wilh lhe king,

who, io fuch a cafe, is ooly

be faluled Wilh lhe

word

chec~,

warning him of his danger, OUl of whicb

il,is aqfolulely necelfary tbat he move; and, if il fo

happen

hal'he canoot

mov~

wilhool e¡(poGng hiOlfelf

lO the like 'inconveniency, it is check-mate, :ind lhe

~ame

is lofl.

CHEST, in commerce, a kind of meafu re, conlaining

uncertain quanlily of feveral commodilies.

A che(! of fugar,

V. l .

contains from ten

Hleen

hnpdred weighl; a che(l of glafs, from lWO hundr.d

lhree hundred feet ; of Callile foap, from lWO and

an balf

Ibree hundred weighl; of iodigo, from

one ¡nd ao halr

lWO huodréd lVeighl, five fcore lO

lhe huno'red.

CHEST, or T HORAX, in analOOly. See p. 277.

CHESTER, me carital cily of Chefhite, fil ualed Gx–

leen miles faUlh of Liverpool : W.

I~ng,

3·,

bt.

SSO IS', It is a hifhop's fee, aod gives lhe title

earllo lhe prioce of Wales.

NMII,CHESTE,R, lhe capilal of a county of Ihe fame

name in PenGlvania, io NOtlh America, filUmd on Ihe

river Del.war, fOUlh of Philadelphia : W. long. 740,

N. lal,

40° 1

s':

!ts harbonr is fioe and capacious,

admil1ing velfels of any burden.

CHESTERFIELD, a market-town of Derbyfhire, /if–

leen miles nonh ofDerby, W. long.

1°

2S',

N.lar.

53o

20'.

gil'CS the title of mi ro a braocb of lhe

Doble family of Slanhope.

CHEVALER, in lhe meoage, is faid of a horfe when

in palfaging upon a walk or trOl, his off

fore-Ie~

crolfes or overlaps !he near fore-Ieg every fecond mo–

tion ,

CHEVALIER, io a general fenfe, Ggni6el a knight,

or horfeman.

CHEVAUX DE FRISE, in fortificalion; alarge joill,

or piece of ümber, about a fOOI in diameler, 'apd len

or tweJve io lenglh, ioto lhe fides whereof are driveo

a greal number of wooden pins, aboul fix foot long,

anned with iron pOiOlS, and croffing one another. See

FORTIF ICAT ION.

CHEVERON, in heraldry. See CHiVRO.N.

CHEVIL. See KEV IL.

CHEVIOT, orT,vlOT-HILLS, run from nonh to Cóuth

mrough Cumberland, and were for;nerlv the borders

or boundaries belween Ellgland and Scotland, wberl

many a bloody ballle has beeo CQught belween the two

oalioos, one of wbieh is reeorded io the ballad

01'

Chevy.chafe.

CHEVISAN,CE, in law, lIenotes an agreement or com–

pofilion, as an end or order fel dolfa between a credi–

tor aod his debilor,

&e.

In our (lalules, lhis word is mo(l commonly ufed

fo( an uolawfúl bargáin, or COntraa.

CHEVRON, or

CHl.'v~RON,

io heraldry, one of the

honour;¡ble ordinarÍ\!s of a fhield, reprefentiog two

TaflerS of an houCe, joined logemer as Ihey ough¡ ro

lIand; il was anciently the form of the prienelfes head

mire : fome fay, il is a Cymbol of proleélion; omers,

of coollaocy; olbers, lbal it reprereolsknighls fpears,

&c.

conlains Ihe 6flh pan of lbe 6e1d, and is

fi–

gured as in Plale LV. 6g. 3.

A'chel'ron is Caid

beabaCed, when its point does

nOl approach lbe head of the cbief, Dor reach farthu

than lhe middle of lhe coal; mutilaled, when it does

nOl loud\ me extremes of lhe coat; c1oven, wben

ti\<!

uyper pieces are lal én off,

lhal lhe pieces only

tOl1ch al one

lhe angles; broken, when one'braneh

is feparmd ioto IWO pieces ; couched, wben lhe point

is lurned lowards one fide of lhe ercUlcheon; divlded,

when lhe branches are of Ceveral melals, Or when me–

tal is oppofed

colour ; inverled, when the point is

turned IOwards lhe poinl of Ihe coal, and ilS branches

towaras lhe chief.

CH EVRO N, in heraldry, is when lbe /itld is divided

ooly by IWO fingle lines, rifing from

lh~

tIVO !>afe

pOiOlS, .and meeling in the poi

n¡

above, as lhe chevron

does.

CHEVRONED,