1000000030

li9

COD~n!

of four IV.IBs buil! io

qllaJ ranglll, r formo T he o( Ihe l1I, mrs rhal. exh:dc

burniog; Or rllal, being

111'0 t'wnt·IV.lls .ll'e

I~n, ~nd

Ihe fi,b nillc fool Ion" : dceol1ll" .fed by Ihe

I'rokor~

o/ Ihe cOIl1!;I,(lion, li Satin

bot they are all 1;l'e fool high, . nJ len inches

Illi~k. ~I.unc

"les w"h

th·~

otl,cr prin< irles .hove m"ollooen.

Wilhin Ihe qU:hlrangle forme,1 by Ihefe IV,llIs, Ihrl'e

1,lIIer

fee~"s

rrcb hle COUII1:h : fur Iho\l::h in lite

arches run lenglhlV,l;' frol1l end tOcnd lhtreo(, al Ihe eOl1lml'" operarlOosof eh(miJlry tb<

ba r~

ful":. 01fi re doth

dril. nce 01' teo ioches afu nder. The moulh of Ihiti fu r oOI.'cem (

Illlieieot.to

dccompo!e fca·(,dr ; )er

ti·

e •

., m~l~

n<ce rs ro the midJle uf one o( its fronts, aod of an or le,:pl.lnt!, wllleh, before bll1 ning, eont,in lhis (. It in

0;',1(orm; 111'0 foot four indles high, and h leen inebes .hU"":l1lCC, and ",hofe a/he! eont., n fcaree aoy at all,

",ide,

bUI ..lfc r,:plele Wilh its lixed pan, that is, with its al•

.. The h,lIoos lie in Ihe fpaees betwecn the arehes of kahne ha!I!, ftems 10 proye, Ihal, when this falt is inri.

the furoaee, w!:ich (en'e inllead of a grale to fupport rnatcly nllxed with inHammable marrers, it may be de.

them. four of themare ufually plaeed in eaeh inter· Hro)'ed by hllrr.ing; fo that its acid Olall defert its hafi!

val; whieh make! fixteen (or one furnaee, They are aod Ily

01T

wilh Ihe fool.

fel at thedillacee o( aholl! half

fuot from eaeh olher,

Belore the. exatl method of proeuring fal ammoni,e

and

f~eured

in Ihd r plm s IVith briek and earrh. But was

koo\~n,

lVa~

generally im'gincd Ihat Ihe manufae.

they leave abouI four ioehes on the upper pan of the lurers OlI KCd (ea·J. Il, and even urine, lVith Ihe fool;

ballon uncol'ered, IVilh a vielV lO promole the fublima· beeaufe thde IIVO fubllances eonrain the principies of

tion, as Ihey alfo do fix inehes o( Ihe inferior part, t1m which this. falr eonfiUs. llUI, befides Ihat rhe: eonlrary

the heat may thebener atl on Ihe maners to be (ublimed.

MIV

eerratnly appears from Ihe above rueot;cJOed m¡:.

Things being thus prepared, they 6rll

m.ke

a 6re wilh muir!, il halh Otcn Ihell'n hy Mr Duhamd, \Vho bath

firiw, Ivhic:, Ihey conlinue for an hour. Aflerward! puhll/hed

re~'ml

memoirs and experinlenls cOlleeroing

they throw in eo·.\ 's·dn ng made up in fquare eakes like ' the. eompofiuon and deeompofition of fal

~mmoniae,

from

bricks, (The want of wood in this eountry is Ihe reafon wllleh. we

~ave ~artly

t¡¡J(e,

wh~1

we have already f.,id

Ihal they genm lly make ufe of Ihis fueL) Thefe eakes on Ihl.Sfub;ctl ;

harh heen /hewn, in Ihe firll of rhefe

of dung add

Ihe riolenee of the fire, whieh Ihey con· me?,otrS, th. t Ihe aJditioll of lea·f.11to the foot, frolll

linue inthis

maAr.er

for ninclcen hour!; a(ler whieh Ihey whleh fal amrnoniae :s

extra~ted , eo"rih~tes

oo·

inereafe it eonfiderably (or fi (teen hours more; and Ihen thing 10 its produélion, and eannol inerea(e its 'Inanlit)'.

Ihey Oacken it by linle and lillle.

!hat alone, therefore, which "'as originally eontained

.. When the matter eonlaioed in the ve/fels begins 10

Ihe maners Ihat produeed Ihe fOOI, enters ' s a pria.

grow hot, that is, a(ter fix or feven hours baking, il e· clple Into Ihe eompofition of fal amOloniae.

mil! a very Ihiek and ill·feenled fmoke, whieh eontinues

Sal .ammoniae is fomelimes found 'perf:tl/y formed in

for fifleen hours . four hours a(ler Ih.t, Ihe fal amOlO· the nerghbourhood o( vnleanos. This f.1r is

pl ob~bly

oiae is ohferved tOrife in while ROIVers, whieh adhere 10 produeed from Ihe (uliginofilie! of vegetable 01' animl1

Ihe in{ide of the neek of the ve/fe! ; and thofe who have mallers eonfumed by Ihe fire of Ihe vulcano,

Ihe ¿ireélibn of Iheoperalion takeeare from time tO time

Sa~

a",lmoni•.e is .o(ten impure, beedufe il earries up

10 pafs an iron rod iOlo Ihe neek of Ihe hallon, in order \Vlth

It~

fu blrmauon, fome of Ihe blaek eh. rred mat-

10 preferve a pa/fage through Ihe f, lioe vauh, for giving ter

~h.,eh

onght

he left at the bonom 01' Ihe

Ydre! ,

vent to fome blueilh vapours, whieh eonllantly ilTueOUt

b~t

It IS

.ca~ly

punfied. For this purpofe-you neeJ only

of the velTcI during the wholeoperalion,"

dl/fulve

water, filter Ihe folutioo, Ihen evaDOrate

rolO Ihis billory o( the preparalion of fa l ammoniae

an~

eryltallize; hy whieh means you will have

I'ery

appears, thal foot. ar,d particularly the foot of animal whlte and

~ery

pure (,,1 ammuniae, You may if you

malter!, eirher eontains ahundance of Ihis fall perfcélly pleafe, fubhme It again in a cueurbit and hlind head;

formed , and waiting only for fublimalion to feparale it wilh

fi re

no~

100 briOL Some of it willl'ife in the form

Iherefrom, or

lean thal it eonlain! the proper Ola· of a ht hl whlle powdor, ealled

f1c1uerr

{a l

ol/1mMi·

leriah for forming il; and Ihat during the operarion,

pC'.

Thefe lIowers are nootber than true (al ammoniae,

whleh is • kind of diHillatiDn of foot, thefe material! whleh halh fu[ered no deeompofirion ; becaufe Ihe bare

combine tocether and fublime.

aétion of Jire is not capablé of feparaling the aeid anO tbe

\Ve Ihewed, in our analyfis of foot, thar Ihis fi!bnanee

1'0Ia~i1e

alkali, o( whieh Ihis neutral f;¡JIeonfins, \Vheo

)icldsby dinillalion a great deal uf voblile alkali; and you

1Ole.nd

10 deeoOlpofe it, rou mun ufe the me¡ns

this is an ingredienl which makrs at lean one half of fal be menlloned herea(ter.

ammoniae. As 10 Ilre olher principIe o( Ihis fah, Ihe

T hongh fal Ammoniae he only femi·"olalile, and re·

marine aeid, Ihis alfo mun needs e"in in fuot : but il is quires a eonfiderable heat tO fuhlil1le

ir,

yel it huth tbe

001fo cafy 10 eoneei"e holV it /hould come Ihere.

property of earrying up wilh it mllters th.: . re veryfixed

II is very

tru~

lhar "egctable aotl anilO,1 fllbnanees, and ponderou! ; fueh as mm me fubllanees, and fome

Ihe oQlyones thdt prctduee foot in

hurnin~,

eontain fome kinds of earth!. For mediein:d u(('s

lVe

fubli,nc Ihere·

portllln of fea·

f.lt

: Lut II!en Ihis f./t is very fixed, wilh iron, lapis h'tmatites, the co/,per in blue vitriol,

aod (eems unfil tO nfe wilh Ih: aeid, Ihe oil, and Ihe &c. and Ihen il rakes difl'crent mun(s, as

,n2rti.1

(I.-w.

fuulIle (arrh,

whieh the yol'lile ,1I;ali is (olmed.

¡'r!

olllmon;ac, (//1

t',mrÍl,

and olher fu(h de·

T herc(ure

~'c

mu(l fuppufe eilher tl,al itl elevation is nomin,llion.s, whieh il borrows from Ihe malter! fubli.

proeurtd by tltc f.¡ree o( Ihe firc, aidcd hy the I'olalilily med wilh ir.

VU L, ll. 110, 3].

S.I