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ph-
th -
chh -
kh-
qh-
14
clusters of two identicel stops together, written by two letters,
(e.g. ftakJ<
ate.na/11
tokak
11 ) .
If
these clusters are not written with
a hyphen there would be Sinbigt'it:v between the double letters
~epre
senting double sounds and dou·Ji.e let ters repre•enting singl e
glottalized stops. Even with a hyphen separating the double
l~ ' "~:·s,
the Aymara situation would remain confusing to the native beceuse
the strong pattern of the language includcs tmny
grou.psof two
consonant stops together (like apta). This would exert constant
psychological pressure on the interpretetion of ftt/ and
fppf
as
clusters of stops rather than ao single stops glottalized. In the
Chanka dialect of Quechua, the glottalized stops do not occur, but
clusters of two stops do appsar as in Aymara (e.g. /haykaptaqf
11
when
11 ).
Inasmuch as the Chanka dialect is geographically adjacent
to the Cuzco dialect and is sufficiently similar in its grammar,
phonetics and vocabulary for some readers to pass over the dialect
boundaries, it would be advantegeous to introduce no symbclizations
in Cuzco which would hinder this partial interchange of literatura.
In the reading tests wi th persone who read Spanish, i t is found that
neither the apostrophe nor the doubling led to consistently correct
reading, but that both could be frequently guessed.
On
the other
hand, the apostrophe allowed the reader to continua hia pronuociations
as if the accompanying stop wsre a single consonant, which could later
be corrected, whereas the doubling sometimes stopped them so com–
pletely that they did not even try to guess. On this point , one
observes tbat a guess, even
if
incorrect, i e better than complete
balking and refusal to continua reading, inasmuch as an approximate
guess ean more easily be straightensd out by the following ccntext.
llith these features in mind, the Conference preferred to use the
apostrophe for glottalization.
11
bilabial a§Eirated
stOJ2S
dental
alveo-ll!!latal
~
back-velar
Upon the rendering of theae Dr. Pike reportad as follows: "Aepirated
stops occur in Aymara and the
~echua
dialects of Bolivia, the
Peruvian dialect of Cuzco and the Ecuadorean dialect of Agato and
Celta. They should be watched for in the Ecuadorean dialects of the
Oriente and Cuence and in the north Peruvian dialects.
"For the aepirated stops there is much evidence that they must be
dietinguished from the glottalized and unaepirated etops.
"The advantage of using
11
h
11
for aepiration is that
it
avoids using
some letter which is not in Spanish type even though l'h" my have
considerable usage in other phonemic and phonetic alphabets. To some
extent it has an advantage similar to that which the apostrophe
poesessed for glottalization, namely, that
it
does not induce an
incorrect pronunciation (beceuee the
11
h
11
is silent in Spanish).