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x y s ( 950 ) x y S
(econd qffieer, and the gymnafiareha the Grll¡ the forlller
wa$ his .od p"C,ded oyer the two xyCli, aod
,11 exercifes of .he athlet.. therein.
XYSTUS, ¡mong the Greek" lilas a loog portieo. opeo
or eovered at the top, where tbe atbleta: praélifed wrellliog
and runoiog: the gladiato.., who pradifed thereio, we~
e.lled xyflici.
Among the Romao., the xynus was only ao alley. or
double row of trees, meetiog like aD .rbuur, and formio,
a Ib.ele to walk uoder.
y.
y A W
Y ACHT, or YATC H, a ve/fel \Vith ooe detk, .arryiog
from fout' lO twel ve guas. See SH 1'P.
YARO. a meafure of length ufed iD Brila;D and Spain,
eonfitlingorthree fee.,eHitOy to meafurecloth, tluffs, &••
YARD. in ao••omy. S¿e ANATOMY P.270.
YA~o S., a ¡b¡p. are .hofe long pieee, of .imber whieh are
made a Jiule tapering at each cod, and are fitted athwart
its proper , Vli.h .he f.d. fan '0 them. fo as
to be hoified up, or lowerea down, as aec.dioo ferves.
They have .beir o.mes from the • .U'oto which they
belong.
YARD· ARM is that of the y..d th.t is 00 eiilter fide of
the when it lies athwart the Ibip.
YAkOS alfo deoote b<looging. to the oavy, where
the Ibip' of war, á •. are laid up io h. rbour There
are, belongiog to his majefiy's navy, lix great yards, viz.
Chatham, O ep.ford, Woolwich, POrtfmouth, Sheorner.,
.od Plymouth : theCe y.. ds are fitted with Ceve,,1 dock.,
wharfs, lanches, and graving places for ,he buildIng, re·
pairing, and c1raning of his m;.jcfiy's lhips; and (herein
art: looged great qUclDtities of timber, matls, planks aD"
chors, and other materials: there are alfo COQveOleot
fiore4houfes io e3eh yard, in which are h!.id tlp van quan·
t i.ies of ..bies, riggiog, f.ils, blocks, aod aH other fort.
ofllores needrul for the royal navy.
y ARE, among Cailors, implies r..dy or quick: as, líe yare
at the helm ; that ¡s, be quick, ready•.md expeditious at
the helm. lt is romelimes alfo ured for bright by fea·
meo : as, to keep his arOlS yare j tbat ¡s, to keep them
clcao aod bright.
y ARE, a river of Norfolk . which runs from weft to eaO,
Ihrough that counory, p. lIing by , and falling
ioto the German fca at Yarmouth.
YARMOUTH, a borough and port.town of Norfolk, fi·
U¡,Hcd on the Gt'rman.fea. at lhe mouth of the river
Yar!", twenty miles of Norwich. lt fends two m~m4
bers tO p:nltament. ,
y AR"OUT H 'is airo a borough,'olVn of the lOe of Wight,
in ¡'hmpllllre, Gtuated on the nonh·wef't coaR of the
lOando fix miles wefl ofNewport. lt fend, two members
10 pilfliament.
y ARN. wool or O. x rpun ioto thread, of which Ihey
weave cloth. 3te CLvTH.
'y ARUM, a Olarket. town o( the north riding of York.
Ibire. fituat,d 00 the river T«., Ihirty miJe. north of
York
-YA WNINO, .ao iovoluotary opeoing of the rnoutb, o~ca·
y E O
/ioned by a vapour or veo.oGty eodeavouring to eTclpe.
and generally wl,tnelling an irklomc wealluds, or ~an 10':'
cliniltlon ro f1~ep. Yawniog' aceurdlDg tO Hoerhaave, il
perCormed by expandlOg at onl! aod lhe Jame time all (he
muteles capable of jpontaneous mptlvn; by gre"tly exteod ..
iog the lung. ; by ID gr.duaHy ar.o Oowlya large
qu.ntity of alr; .nd gr.dually and Oowly b....hlDg i~
out, aftu it has bee;n retlilOed for fome time, acd rari..
6ed; and then rdlonng lhe muteles to thc:ir oatural ftate.
Hence the dFec1 of yawning is to move.. accelaatf~, and
equally difln bute, .n the humours through .11 <he veC.
fels 01 the body, aod coorequeotly tO qualily the muf.
.cles and organs of fenfauoo for (belc vanous fnOalOnS.
S.néloflus·obterves, that • great deal is IDCenlibly diC.
chHg~d. wheo nature endeavours to get· rid of the re"
tained perCplrable maner, by yawmng and (hc:tching of
the timbs. ro theCe a perron is mott indined juft alter
Oc:ep, becaufe, a gre;uerqaolntity gving off QY lhe: pores
of lhe lkin than at other limes, whcoroever a pedon
wakes, Ihe increafed contraélton lIlat tben bappeos doCes
a.great desloE lhe.peICplrablc: maller in the cutan~ous paC~
fages, whlch will contiouaJl"y glve fuch irrit<luoos as
excite yawolng and Itretchio.g ; and tuch mvuoos, by
lh.king lhe membranes of lhe whole body, and fui fll ng
the contads of their Gbres, and the ¡neloled mliht:r, by
dc:grees throw it off. Heoce we fee the reafon why
he.loh(ul llroog people are moCl locllned tO lueh 100·
tioos, becaute lhey perfplre moll in time of flc:ep. lind
thereforc have more oE the perCplrable molttc:r tO lodg..: ID
rhe pares, and greater ¡rrhalions thereunto.
Y:l:WS, in the Ce.langu'ge Albip. 1S C ..dto ~aws..
when lhe daes not fteer fieady, bUl goes in and out wheo.
th<fe is ~ !bfF
YA-\V s . a dlllernper endemial tO Guioea aod the honer .eli·
mates In A/rtca Sec:: MEDICINE, p. 137.
YEAR. $"e ASTR'oNOM\", P'489 '
YEAR Qf/d Da) In S ~OIS lil\V. S~t: LAW, Tit.vi.21,2lo
Y·I:.LLOW, one 01 lhe ortg...1colours 01 hght.
YELLOWS , a dlCeate in a horfe . nlUch the f.n.¡e Wilh that
callc::d the j ,undice In mano St'e FARI. 'lEIlY p. s6i.
YELLO\V4HAMMER, 100rni1hoJogy . S..:t: t'RINGILLA.
YIo.OMAN. the 6,11 or hlg'ldl degrce.rnong lhe pleu"....
01 ElIg)and .. neXl in ordl!r to the &c:nlry .
Tht YcomeO are properly lúthold.,s, who havlng
laod of theír own, Jive 0 0 good hulb.ndry .
YECMAN i. alCo a mle or'office In the k,ng's houCeh .1.1. of
a rn!ddle place or rank b« ulb« aod a groom.
YEOMA'"