1000000031

854 / 868

x 'y 1. 919 x y S
lil, two hundrerl mil., wefl of Rio Janeiro: W . long.
50°, S. lar. 24°.
XEN SI • pro.inee of Chin., bounded by ,he ~r." w.1I
on the nonh, by lhe provincc of Xanfi on lhe can, by
th. provlnee of Suehueo on the routb, aDd by T ibe' 0 0
the ",len.
XERANTHE MUM, in bOlanr, a genu. of ,he (
p" lygamia luperftua dars. T he recepude is paleaceous;
l he p"ppus is (et"ceous j and the calix lS imbricated, and
radiaten. T hcre are clc:nD rpCCICS, none of them na–
tivts or Rrhain.
XERO PH AGIA, in ehureh_hiOory, ,he eatine of dri.d
{oods : fo lhe ancicnl Chrif1ians callc::d ccru in (an: d ..ys.
on whieh they eal nO'hing hut bre.d and (, it, and dn nk
only wilter : romctimts tht'Y Added pulfc. herbs, "nd (rui,s.
T hi, Con of fafling w.. o~Cerv.d ehiefl y in ,he hoJy.w«k,
out " r devotion. and nOI by obligation.
XICH U• • eity of Ch 'n., in lhe provinee of Hugu.m: E.
lon~. 1,,°. N lat. ' 7° .
XIN YAN, a eily of Afi., io ,be provioee of Lac:uog : E.
. long. 120°, N 1 .. 3,°.
XIPHI AS , in iehlhyolo, y, a ,enus belonging 'o ,he order
of apodes. The uppcr jaw terminates in a long rword–
_fh 'ped ronrum : from whieh il is eall.d lhe fword_filh :
th ere ue no t~et h in the moulh ; the gill.membraoc has
• ighl ray.: .nd lhe b'4dy is Comewhat cylindriell. T h..e
is bU I I')(\C rpuies, found io che E uropedo occaD.
XlPHO ID ES, in . natomy. S<t A NAT" MY, p. 175.
XYLO ..AL OES, or A LOE-W OOD. in pharm. ey. Sec
AL " ' .
T his drug is ditlin~uinled ioto thrce ron s, che calam–
bac, the common lignum <tloes, and cab,mbour,
T he c;¡l ..m"otc, or finen alocs.woocJ , cotlled hy iiluthors
lignum alo~, prreflantiflimum, and hy che Chinc(c tuk
hiang. is (he moU re(jnaus of .dl the wood, we ..re 3C·
C')ulinted with: ic is of a ligh l rpongy t{"Xlure. yt:ry po'
rous. ano its porc! fo filled up w;,h ~ rof, 04nd (ragrant
n(jn. lhíll ,he u·hole m;ty bt" p:dr..d ;tnd dt.-nltd by Ihe
fi nl't:rs Jlkc WílX, or moulr1 ~d about hy chewlog 10 the
moulh, io (he mí4nner o( ma icho This kiAd. lald 00
t he- fl re, me"s In grC"3t protns likc rdin. and bUlOS away
in " feUl momcnts. \vi'h a briJ!ht ti .me and perfunled
fm,·1I I,s fcent, whll·: in thc marso is vcry fr"Rrílnt and
agree ..ble : aod iu lafl e ílerid and binerifh . but very ¡HG·
m.uic and agrecdhle: il is fo v;Hiablt' In its cotour. that
fonle h.,\,e divitled ,{ into ,hree kinds, Ihe (me variegílted
with hh.-k and pLlfplt' . Ihe rc:conel, .wilh the fame bla~k,
bUI wirh vellow"h Innead o ( pu rple: ílnrl the third . ycl
low . Ione hke ,he y.,lk of an tJ!g: ,hlS 1.11 is ,he I•• ft
fcr nteri ()f (he .hree che fu',llance however , in IhetD
211. i- the (~mc ir. r'\'ery re(peét , except their co)our Ir
is brou~ht from Cnclunchin-a .
1 h.. I,~num 04loes \ ulJ!:He is tht> fecond in value T his
is of a more d,.nre-and compaét fCXlu re. and confcqueod y
lers refincu~ thao .he othcr; there IS fome of it , howe·
ver, th·u i. fpongy , ano h2s {he holes fillt'd up with lhe
ri~ht rdinotls matter : :md all of it, when good. has
" ,"ins of Ihe rarne fefin in ;t. We mret wírh it io fin:¡!1
f rAgmcnts. whieh have beco CUI aod fplie (rom l.trf!t'f :
lhere :He of a tolrrablv deofe texlUre io the more (nlid
pi"ces, and of a dl'llky hro.t·n colou r, va ricf!A ted wilh re–
finous bl:.¡ck veins le is in th is (tate vcry he;",y. :\nd
;cr, fra grant Ih, n iD ,hore pieees whieh rncw a mul,i,ude
of liul. bole., f,U.d up wi,h ,he C. me l>laekifh m'''e.
lhat forms .the veins in otheu. The woody part o( (here
1<10 rleces 1S fornewhat G"rkcr than the ot her, and i,.not
unfr<quently purphlh, or eveo l>laekilh. Tilo rm"l of
the Common aloe.wood ¡. very a¡:rec:able, but OOt fo
fhongly pc:rrumt=d as the (ormer. In t.. ne is romewhat
biner and acrid, but very aromatie. Thj, ... oud IS 21ro
brought from CochiDchin<l, ¡¡¡nd fO'f,t:times from Sum ...:r...
The ealambour, or, as fome Wrttc: It, c.d.uubtluc ji
.Ifo eall.d ag.llochum fylvenre, .nd lIgnum aloe, m<xi–
canum . 1( i5 a "ght and fflable wood, of a dutky ótnJ.
often mottled colour, becween a duCky grecn black. and
a deep " ro,:",n. lts rmeJl IS fragralH ¡ nd agreeable, bu.t
much lers Iweel tha:J th",t o( ei,hef of (he Othen ' anJ ltS
u fte bitteflfh. but DOI fo much acria or arom .:ie as ei.
ther of che .two former. We ·neet wltb thi, very fn:.
quent, and In hrge logs ; and thef( fomeumes entirr,
~omet1mes oDly.the heart of Ihe [rC"e, lhe torue.l pan be.
Ing fepuatcd _ ThlS 15 broug:'lt from lhe iOand of Ti–
mor, and is the aJoe·wuod u1cJ by lhe c"blncl.m"ker•
and Inlayers.
T he Indians ure ,he calambac bv way of incenfe. buro.
inR fm ...1I pleCC5 01 it in the temples 01 lh.:u gods : and
rometlmcs their great people buro It In the" lioures, in
t imes of fcalltng. lt is c{lc:emed a cordial, t.tken inw..rd .
Iy i flnd they fomelimes givc it In dlÍt>rders oflhe. Humach
and bowels. ..n::t 10 dt!ttruy worrns. A very fragrJOl oil
m;ty b pr'lcured fr 1m 11, by d;íl.J1ation; wblch i~ rt:com·
mended 10 potr ..dylle c.tles, 11'011' five tO ¡ih een drops . le
is ar prefent hl)w~ver, bu, lutle u(ed j and wouJJ fcaree
be me' wi th 040)' .'herc: 10 ,he Chops, but that It 15 .. O lO.
nt In tomo oEthe ulc\ l'ornr0(i(.ons
XYL LS:\M UM , " n me wh,ch n.turalill, gi ve 'o
che \Vootl o; d'le Iree whil'h yidds lhat precious gum
I-::no' n tO the L i tlns by th~ of ",mum, rotDd
10 us by hé u,,1111 vf GiJcad. Set l.h. LS AM
W e ',..ve branches 01 thls treC" brouJht us rromCairo:
rhe)' are very liran . bnuJe. unc'1ual. otnd full of knots;
thc.'i r bark reddllh Wil hoUl, and greenifh wuh lO . 'r he
X \ 10·bal{,iOlUm IS rtputed guod 'o tir( ogthen the braia
and (fomach, aod to expel poiroo.
XYLOCAS IA, in the OIo\ten¿ medica, lhe r...me \Vith ,he
C'.dli .. l¡gna . 5c:e C.i 5SIA.
XYLON, Ihe PklC ItL V CQ TT ON TR E l, in bonoy. a ge·
nus of 1he PolYAodria mOf.oHYO\~ cI,ds o plaots, the: co.
rolla when of eonfi(}s of a (ingle pet.~J. dlvujed into tive
oval, hollow p...tent fegments : lhe fruit is a I,uge, ob;
long. lurblOated caplI.tJc. fo· med o( li'Ve woody \'al vcl ,
and conraininlZ 6ve celh; ,he leed:l are roundllh, ílnd 6".
ed to a columnar pentagonal receptaclc, and ba,-e a quan.
t'1Yof fine down, or cuuon, adhtnng to Ihem.
XYNOECIA. io Greciíln :lOtiquity, aro annivcrfary feaH,
ob(erved by lhe AtheOlilns. in hOllour of l\-ltnc:rvJ, upCln
the f'ixlcenth of 1(ce310mba:on.:- in memory Ih04t. by the
perfuafinn of T hcfcus, they leEr thetr country feats, in
whieh the'Yhy d,rperfed here aod there in ,l 1t1ca, and u...
nilen tOflt:thcr in on.e booy.
XYRIS, in botany, re genns o( the Iriflnd ria monogrni¿
clars. The cor'lll., conri¡h of lhree equaJ cr<"p:u(',j pt"_
tals; and lhe gluma coolifls of 1\YO valvl!s. Thcre is but
Ofie fpecies, a nati\'e of I ndia .
XYSTARC J-I A, in an"'lui,y, ,he m.ncr or di reaor of, he
xyllu.. In ,he Greek symnafiultl, ,he xyllareh , was lhe'
rceor.,1