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sc"rrvl~l al:o d.:r.otcs :l timbcr-work rair~d in lhe
l111nncr uf :Hl amphilhc:\trt:, ror ,lIe more co:nm ...Ji(j~ls
vil.!winn illly (h~w or cercmony: it is alf() llf..::d ("r a ¡¡[de
fb:!<!. rai:~d in folU:! Pllblic pla.:e, \'Il1cr~oll lO u;,.I! ; ..d
cll:llin:lls.
SC.-\.GEN, il proOlontory of orth JllIl.lnd, :\t the ~nlrancc
of Ihe ScaCt'1rtl.c I~ a, or palr.lge OU t Qf tbe o~cJ.n inlO
th. UJI:ie fea : :: Ion. tOO, N . IJt. 58° .
SCA LADO. or SC.\L AOE , in ,he arl of war, a fnrious
arrault nl2dc on lhe \Val! or rampart of a city, or ot her
fon ili.:d pLlce, by means of Ltddcrs, withoul carrying on
\Vorks in form tO (ecuTe the meno
SC:\LE, a m,lthcl11atical inílrumtnt, confiAing of fever3 1
J:ncs drawn on \VooJ, brafs, (jlver, ere. and viHiouny
Gi\'ided , :\ccording tO lhe purpores it is inlcnded tO (cTve;
\Vh~nce it acquires voHious denoRlinations, :\s the pl:\in
fcale, di.,cona1 fCJlc:, ploning fcale. See GEOM E T R Y.
S CAL E, in nl,J(ick. is a t1c:nomination gi\'en to the arrdnge·
ment oC th( fix fyll.lbles i nv~n{ed by Guido Aret:ne. uf,
re, 1I,i. (" fo l, IJ, e.JleJ alfo gantmul. Se< MUSlcK.
SCALENE, 01' S CA LE NOUS TlllA t-IG LE, jcalt nufJI, in
gcometry. a tri.lngle whofe lides anJ angles are .
S~eGF.OME T R Y.
SCA LE 'US, in.natomy. See AN AT OMV , p. 2'4.
SC.-\LP EL, in furgery, a kind ofknife ured in anatomical
di(ft:éli\)ns and operations io furgery.
SC .~ LPE R, or SCA L PIN G. I RO~, a furgeoo's in(lrument
ufed fo r feraping (oul eariou. bones.
SC!\ LPRA U EN l ' AL' A, innrlllUents ufed by'the furgeons tO
take off thof~ bl..lck, ¡ivld, or yellow cru(1s , which infen
the teeth, and n~:H only loofen and denray lhem, but taint
the bre.lth .
SCAM ~lO:--! Y, a eonereted vegetable juiee o( a fpeeies of
convolvulus, partly of the relio, aod p'\I dy of the gum·
I:i:d.
T he Alepro feammony is of a fpongy texture, ligh'
and (riable : it is óf a fain' difagreeai>le fmell, and its
uHe is bltterifh, ve ry oaufeous, and acrimonious . The
Symrn. f«mptony is eonfiderably hard ano heavy, o( a
bl,tek eolou r, 0(. mueh ¡¡ronger flneJl and talt. than the
former, otherwi re it much refC:Olblcs it.
S~ammooy is in great erteem :\od frequcnt ufe. h
is an ingredi..:nt in nuoy cOOlpofitions of (he lhops; and
th'de are pre[l:rib<;u, wilh other cathartics, for purging
off fero\1s humou rs . It is io general, however, a belter
purge fOf robua peoplc foc ¡hofe of more ddicate
cOi fhtUlions; thotlSh. with Ihe correéllves with which
ít is jOlncd, it is givl:!n with fafety and (ucce(s to ehil·
dreno
SC.\ NDALU'l\1 f'.1,\GNA T UM , io law, is a dcfamatory
fp::ech or wfltlng tO the injury of a pel'fon of dignilYi fo c
which a writ th•.t bcars the r.UIlC oaOle is grantt:d fur the
rccovcry of ddOlelgc:S.
SC:\:--!DEItOON, a P0rt·t own o( Al eppo, in Afi.tliek
T urk y. li:lI.tled on thceo. n of the Ldrcr Alia: E. 10llg.
,6°, N. 1. 1. 37° t S'.
SC.~N DIN,\V I A, 1 I.rgeeollntrywhieh eonfiltedo( Swe·
den, J) :..nm.lIk. and I orway, \Vhich \Vere rometimcs \10 -
der lhe govcrnmc:nt of onr prince. but is nuw under lhe
domi nioo ('If SWt:(h:n and Dc:nm;¡rk.
SCANDIK, in i>o,. ny, a genus o(th~ pentandri, oigyni.
CI.1(S . Tlle corolla is of, an irrczu Ltc litare ; the fcui l is
!ui>ulated ; ,he p. tals are cn,iro; anu the Hofeules oC the
s e A
difc are g:ocrall}r males. There are eigot f; _.:·e.s, twoor
lhel':' :vc.;s 01 Brit ..io, viz. lht' pcacn, fh q ·¡ ..:rJs neeLlIe,
or venus's comb; anu the onthn(cus, or hemlock
nl CI\'11 1.
SC.\ NNl NG , in poetry, the me.furing ofa .erfe by feet,
in orJcr tO fee whCther or no che qU.lOuttes be: duly ob·
fen·ed.
The term is ehitRy ufed in regard tothe G re,k and La–
tin verCes. 'fh tls élO Itexamelcr verfe is fcanntd, by re.
folving it into {i" feet; a pentameter, by refolviOg tt imo
~vt! (eet, 6'c.
SCA PE'G OAT , in JcwiRl antiquity, the goa' whieh was f"
at Itbl!ny un the Crc:\t day ot t,xpiatioo.
Spcn.:er is o( opioion, th3t the fcape.goat wa! called
AZ;'izd , bccaul'eil \\las Cenl tO Azazcl , i. ~. [he devilj lhe
reafllns o( which cercmooy, he takes tObe {heCt: 1 . That
the goat, lo;¡ded wilh the (ios of the people, and (en l tO
AZd'l.~I , m'ght denote the miferabie coodltion of the (in·
ners. :l . T he goal \113S (cnl thus loaded 10 lhe dre;l1oos,
to fhew Ih;¡t Ihey were impure, and to deler lhe people
from wodhipping them . 3. T hat the goat fem lO Az¡zel
futiieiently CKl'iating the fins o( the lfraelites, they migh t
the more will,ogly abltdin froOl the expialOry f"cril:ccs of
the heathens.
SCAPHOl DES, or os navieulare. See ¡l.NATOMV , p. 186.
SCA PULA, in anawmy. SeeANAToMV, p. 176 .
SC :~PULAR, io ana.umy, a name g;vcn lO tWO pair of
alIen es and as maoy veio, . Sec ANA T OMY, Part IIl.
and IV .
S CAPU L AR , or SCAPULARY, a partorthe habitoffeveral
religious ordc:rs 10 Ihe church of R vme, woro over the
go·,vn. as a badge of peculiar veoeralioo for Ihe blefTcd
Virgio. It conli~ts of [wo narr'ow breadths Or fli ps o( c1oth,
co\erin¡; the back aod the breaH, aod haogiog down to
the (teL
Tilo d«otecs of the feapul~ry eelebrate its fenival On
the 16th o( J uly.
SC"IRAI3JEUS, the aEETLE, in zoology, a genus oC in–
feél:s, o( the coleopterd order: thcdntennx of the beetles
are o( a eJa.ated figu re, .od fiffile logitudtnally, and their
legs are frequentl )' dentated. Tilere are 87 Ipeoies.
SCARBOROUG H, a borougha nd POrt tOW" o(Yorklhir~,
lhiny . f~veo miles nonh.ealt of York.
Ir fends tWO members 10 parli",meot, aod is faÓlous for
a mediein.1 Ipring , wil,eh has becn the fubjeél of gt ea,
eOntenS .nd Jtfputes among ,he phylieal peopl<; .11 allow–
ing it conGdcrdble Vlrtu~s , but lome :lltTlUUtlog Ihem lO
on~ ,ngl'cdil!nt. others tO"oother.
SCAR lflCATlO , in furgery, ti", operation ofm,king
fc:ver:\l lIIedions in Ih~ lkio by means or l.tncels, or ot~er
inHruments, particuhlrly the cupplOg lO(1rum~n(. S.:e
SUR G ERY.
SC.~RLET, • bcautiful bright red e,lour.
In Pdinling in w,uer·coh)urs, mlOlUOl mixed with a lit·
tlt.: vc::rmdioo produces a gl)od fC.trl~[: bUl if a Rower in
a print IS tO lJe r .li nted ol' a rc,nlt , the "ghts as
w~1I as the fll.ldl's llwuld be co\'t~reli wilh nnnium, anJ
the Ih tJl.1 P,II ts iiOllht'd \\'lt h carmille, \\·hh:h will pro·
duc~ ao admlr..lbl~ f..:.ulet.
se.-\ R¡>, in fortlli~.Hlon, is lhe {he interior tdlus, or l10pe
of [he dlleh Ot.'XI lhe pl~ce, iH lhe (001 oC thr. .
SC'¡\RI', in hcral\lry, lhe f';.lff whidl military C011l11lclnJas
Wl:.If fu r OInaU1:.'Ot.
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