1000000031

S E A

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S E A

the more will they be bent from thci r fi rr¡ di«flinn :

0 '1

both the(e accouOts the:

appearance5

ot'

thlllgs

rem'lte, "nd

tue:

fc:a,

will

fomewhal

abo

ve rile

honzon, and

lhe

mOle fa tlS Ih ....

are

lhe

more rt mote.

\Vlth r<gdfd tO the d. plh or profunJilYof the (ea, V•.

reoius

~ffirlns.

tllat

in fome places

unftlthonl.lbJe ,

and

o';\cr places very

vanuu, .

belng

in certain plotces

-.h;.

j.'T

'1S " r:s-

2T'l~ 4~

Englifh mdc:s .

Other

pl.,c~,

dtet'er , í\nJ

muchlcfs to bays

lhm

in occ.tns. In gener,d.

the dep, hs of the f« be.. , greal ¡¡n.logy to the height

of mountalns on

lhe

land.

fa r as 15

hiu\erto

dircovered.

There .He

lWQ

prinCl pal

rearaD, why

lhe fea dot h not

incre;:¡,(e

m!.!aos of

nvers,

oc.

falllOg evcry wherc

loto

it.

The

IiTli

¡s.

b~CclUr~

'VdterS

returo (rvm lhe fea

fU~lerrdn:an

C¡"ll ies

and aqu!!,i:Jfts,

thro~'eh

various pan,

or the ean h. Secondly .

be..:aufc

the quantity Orl/apOUrS

"i(ed from ,he (ca . and

f.II

,ng on Ihe

I.nd

, ooly e.ufe a

circulation ,

b UI

no int:redfe

water.

hath beeo feund

c~l~ulation,

thó\t in

fu.nmer's day there m..ty be raifed

in vapours, fro ro lhe lvio:dit(:rranean fCol,

529('0000130

tuns

of water; and yet thlS {ea n:ceivc!th not, (rom all

nine great n vers . above

1927000000

luns per day,

which

bUI a third pan of

Wh .lt IS

exhaufied in v.lpour5.

W ith

r~gHd

tO the fahoefs of the fea-\Vó\h:r.

is very

ntionally judged tO

.t rlfe

Irom gn:at multitudes

b.ah

miAes and mountains of fa h . cHfperfed here and there

the depths of Ihc fea,. D r H .lley fuppo(es that il is pro–

b. ble Ihe gre>tell part of ,he (eo falt, . nd of al) I,h

I.ke

. ,

as the Cafpian fea . Ibe D ead fea, the lake o( Mcxieo.

and the Tltico1Ca in P: ru, 15 deri, ed from the wat+::r of

the rtven which they receivc:, : aod

Cince

lhlS fo:

OfldXCS

h as no exit or diCcharge, bUI

the exhaladon of

va·

poors ; and <tICo fince (hefe vapours are el1lÍlely frefu, Or

devoid of Jueh púticles;

is ce n aio lhe: f..hnefs of lhe

fea and fueh litkes mult , from lime tu time inereare, and

then: fo re the lahoefs at this

time

is greater lhan al any

time hcrclOfore,

He:!

rurther ...dds, that

i(,

CXpt rt.

ments

mítdl! in

dilTerent

ag~s,

we eould

find

the

Eldr

!rcnt

q u:¡ntlty of falt whieh

(he

fíl.me

quantity ofWaltr (titken

up iR the f..

m'!

pl .tee, and

all ot her the

(Anle

elrcuOl~

i1.nee.)

wo.ld

, ffJrd, it ",ould be eofy from tRence, by

rules of propo" ion, tO fi nd the age of the ",orln very

ne:rrly. or 'he lime whertln

has beco aeqJiring

pre·

fent (;,hnef• .

With regard to the ufe of this fah propcny of fea_

water, it is obfcrvcd,

lh¡u

the (dllnefs of the fe

"relerves

its

watl'"rs pu re

,mci

C,,·eet. whieh

olh~rwifc

woul·1eorrupt

and

~ín\c.

I:ke

ril.hy

Llke, aod con(c:qw>ntly

,hAI

none

of my-Iac..ls of ("r,,::nure rhal

now

live tl,e,e n CJ uld ,hen

bave

a bc:ing.

"1m ,henee alfo Ihe fc>a-w .te!,'

b~eU:11eS

muC'h

hc~Yit'r.

:!.od

th~r"'! forc fhip~

of gre.t1er

.~7.":

"nd

qu ln1:i,y I1Itty be u(ed tIlerton.

S .h

\\Iith. r

~Ifo

cillln

nOl

{re('Lo; fJ foon tts. fr·. lh \V lrer. wht nce :11::: fe,.s

~rc

.. mure

free for níl.vig:,uion .

W·:.

h Ive

l.nd

had p IbhOh:d a

d ífferr;u·on . by D r RuO·,'I, ..:o

lecrn, n~

1he!

(I)~Jícal

uf.:s of

fel . Witter 'n

díf~.lcs

of th )!.1 .. nJs .

&c.

'h~ltjn

Ihe .talhor

p re:'l1ifc:s

ft,m ..: "lbf-:rv.wuntt ur

J:l

' h

l"I"tur,~ ,.,r

f\",-,

\V.I

er.

confid, red as iOl on:gnttclI w,lh

pH;,clec:

\lf :.lll :hr.: bn lie s

Pd(f,-S

(Jv 'r,

fu ch

fub:'luin,"

pl-tnts,

ti(h

CdtS.

tnl nt~

rals,

b e

And farllr;ui'd ·.IIu h (hl:' r(,'ycl,d effi tlY ':I. lo t'nlir h

¡t, ... ,)(1k"cp

I{ frN n

¡JII1nf:léi

011 •

h!;l\ec: '1115

Au:d ·)

fup'

pCI(O:'!"O r:',nlca-tl

(o¡¡pIIH;f

s. .•nd he " hrd",

coll~' ··H"' .

h¡-'Inr,

perv.~ed

uy the fulphurcous

lIe.,,1S

pr.fling thl'ougl, i"

con'¡;tute

wh~t

wc caH fCíl·watcr,

ttf~ cl}nft.n~J

díain.

gu .flung eh

tra~tcflnies

of which are f..!tucfs, biunnefs ,

nll,o:ity , ano

unaUO~ty:

whenee

tht!

author concl udes ,

th" it nldy be

jUllly

expcélcd to eonll ibule fignally to Ihe

imp, ov~OJenl

phy~e

'fhe cares in which our ;:Iuthor

in furm~

llS

we.

are lO cxpcet advanlage fro01 fea·water,

are,

I n ó\1I recent obHrlléllons of (he gl,¡ ncls of the

inrefbn:s ant.l mcftO lery.

2 . •

.t\1J

reeent obfiruélions of

the pul monary

~I~ncis,

and ,hoCe of the vjfcera, whieh

frequcntly produce eonfum p,ions. 3 . A Il rceent glao–

dular fwell ,ngs of Ihe ncek, or olher p.m. 4 . R ecent

lumours of the j oints , if lhey are not ruppurat\!d, or be·

conte felrchous, or caneerous, and

hav~

not carious bone5

(or their caufe.

R cet'nt defiuébons upon tl:e gland,

of Ihe ey" lids . 6. AII dcf",d.,ion, of Ihe /km, f,om an

eryfipel.s,

10 •

lepra. 7. D ,feafcs of Ihe glands of the

nofe. wlth their ufu;!;1 compdnioo a thlcknefs of lhe

lip.

Obfiruélions of lhe' kidneys, where (here is no .in..

Bllmmation. ¡¡nd the (lone

nOI

Jarge.

9. In

reeeo~

ob..

firuélions

[he liver this method will be proper, .....

her~

il preven

, onlbp:!.tions of

lhe

belly and

affi fls

other me.

dieines

diretted

in ¡éterie edCes. The Carne remedy i5

{.ud ro

be! of lign,,! (ervlee

I)-Ie

bron 'hoetle; and is líke..

wire reeommeq.lcd fOf lhe prevenlion of thofe bilious eo.

lies [har fo freque01ly

afFt8:

our m:.uiners.

T o m, ke fea-water frelh is a Ihong long .n¡l mue"

wanted, for the advanlage of otlvigatlon and eommerce

a mClhod for doing which has becn long ago iovcnled by

M r H . u,on, .ntl thc fecre< publolhed in the P hilor.

Tr3nfd

tL h

is performed by precipallng the water with

oilof tartar, aod thcn dilblling il. But M r Appleby'.

protef., whieh

WdS

referred by the lords of the admiraltyto

tbe eoIlege of

phyf1cians.

and co;,nrnunieated to the royal

foeiety, \Yith fome ex perimeDts therewith. on

Feb. ~,

1753.

appears

be more fu ccefs ful, and is performed thus : InlQ

twenty gallons of

rea~waler

pUl

fix

ounees.of

a .fixed

al-–

kaJi pri('la red with quiek !tOle

Itrong as lapis ¡ofernatís,

and

fix

ounces of bones c.l!elned tO

whitenefs, and

firrel y powdered; wilh

now 6re. draw off, in

common

11,11, fifteen gallons.. Mr Appleby eoneeivcs that Ihc al·

kali here employed is the bell adapted to prevenl the bi–

tuminolls matter in fea-water from Tifing by h eat in

dilldlation .

In ,he year

'75),

a method of proeuring . oy quantilY

of frelh w.ter

foa ",as publ,lh..d by Dr Iluda; toge_

ther wHh a m<: lhod airo of prtCerving frd h water entirely

pure, fweet. and wholefome

during 1he longen voyage•.

and

Ihe warmd l clima les. The meth"1rl more exprefs_

ly reeommenoed by the doélor for making fe. -\Vaterfrelh

PU [

rnt:.tfurcd wioc.q uart of the Hrongefi foap

ley!

tO ,ilo« n g, lIons of fea·w.,er; wb,eh being dinilled, hc

a!Tures u•. \Vdl gencrally yield l\Velve gallons of frelh

water:

Tilo

above quantlty of foa p

I~ys.

we are lold,

will .Iear a repctition of lhe Came quanlity of water fou r

five

time:s.

T his melhod of Dr B urler \Va, tricd, by order of \he

lords ofthe

admir.lh

y, at the fame time with Mr Applc ...

by's: bu' the laller, being (ound 10 be perfo rmed with

a It:fs

qu~nti ly

of fud, was preft: rred .

In arder

kcep frelh waler fwcet. Dr Dutlcr direfu

t~ke

of fine, clcar, white pcarl ·afhcs, a

qU2.rter

of a

r Ollnd avoirdupolfe and pUl into one hUlldrcJ gallons of

frelh water; obfel'ving this proponion

a grealer or

l.rs

<).':lanuty,.