201 / 868
180
1\1
E T A
1~
II Y S
e s.
Each diff'crent
dijlou.:t
is a di fFerent
11l0di~c.ttiun
01'
fl>.le,," ; and
c.~ch id~.'l
of any dlfTc rent fpace is a
j;:»/,I.:
Moje
of ¡his
¡den .
Such are
.10
inch,
p ,or,
)'Iud,.
&c.
'Vhcn
thc(~
idr..aJ
are n",de fami liar to mens
IhouglHS,
thc:y C:1.0, In
eheir 1l,inds
repeal
them
as oflcn as (hey \ViII,
without
jUlning 10
thcm lhe
íd,: a
o f bod y, and frame to
themkl ves lhe
i..'r:."/
of fCct, yards, or tathoms. bt.:yond
the "tl\1ol1 bounds o( . 11 bod;cs ; and , byad It ng thel"
IEII
one::
10
~l nolha.
c::nl.t rge
thc:ir
j,üa
of
(pace
liS m leh
as
they ple.lre..
From
this
po\Ver
of
repl.!:lt1og
any
¡,lea
of
diUant.:e. withom beiog
t \'er
able ca come
tO
ao end, we
come
by
lhe
¡'Ü ,?
of inlmt:nfity .
Anotller modifi c?tioR of
[pace
is taken from
lhe
re/a·
lion
of lhe parts of
rhe
termin,u ion of
eXlen~on
or ci r–
cumfc ribed (pace amongfl the!mfel ves; and lhis is
what
we eall
f?"re.
ThlS the
/olle/'
di(co,·e" ;n fenoble bo–
dies, who[e extremlties come wil hin our reach
j
and lhe
e)'e
ukes b,o[h from bodies and colours, ""hofe boundar;es
are within its view
j
lJ.·here obferving how [he e?C u emities
ter 'nate either in !lr.iight lines, which mcel al difccrni–
ble
angles. or
in
crooked lines. wherein no angles can he
perceived
~
by conridering thefe as they relate
to
one ano –
ther in all pans of the ex trtmities of any body or fpa ce,
i, has ,h'at idea we ca))
¡gllre
:
whieh alfords 'o the n,;nd
infinite variety.
Another
mod.
belong to this head, is that of
place.
Our idea of
place
is nbthing but the relative pofit ion o(
sny thlOg w;th re(erenee to
i ts
diUance
(10m
fome Gxed
and certain poiots. \Vhence we fay, that a thi ng has
or has oot changed
p/nc:.
when irs di(hnce either is or
is no' altered w;th refpea to tho(e bod;es which which
we.
have occarion tO compa re it. That this ís fo, we may
cafily gather from hence, that we can have no idea of Ihe
place o( the
univ<rf',
though we cao of a)) its parts . To
(ay that the world is
flll;:'lJJhere,
means no more than th at
i,does
exiJI The word plac<
i. (omet;mec túe to fi gn; fy
tha,
IP"c<
wh;eh any body takes up; and fo tbe un;verfe
may be conceived iD
a
place.
Of
duralion, aud ill
jiJlJple modu.
TH-E
R E
is another fort o(
diJIance,
,he
id",
o( whieh
\Ve get (rom the fl eet;ng and perpetually per;(h; og parts
of fu cceffion, which we call
durf7/ion.
T he
fimpJ~
modes
of
it are any different lengths of it whe'reof we have di·
Oína
id~aJ;
as
hourl, da)'!,
.lean,
&c.
lime,
and
(/~r·
ni/),.
The
idea
of
(f/eufliQn
;s got by reOd\;ng on tha, train
of
i,f(al
which conftam ly follow one another in our minds
as long
AS
w'! ;:tre aW<tke. The d iftance between any
parts of th is
Jí{C('(f!i~1'J,
is what we call
dura/ion;
and the
continuation of the exiflence of ourfelves, or any thing
elfe,
cOIJIIJlenfura/~
to Ihe fuecefTion of any
ideal
in
our
minds. is what
we
call our
o'Wn dura/ion,
or
Ihal
of ano–
ther thing cu-ex.ifling with our thinking. T hat this is fo,
appe<trs fron! hence, thA{ \Ve have no
p~erception
of fuc–
ceOlon or Gunuion, when lhat fucccnlon of our
id~aJ
ceafes, as io
Jl~ep.'
the mOOlcnt that we Oeep, aod
3-
wake. how diffaPt foever, fcems to he joined ílnd coonee–
t ed . And poffibly ;t would be fo
10 3
wak;ng lOan, cou ld
he fix. upOO one
hita
witllt>ut
variation and the rllcct!f–
liQQ
of o,hers. And we ree lh.. they whofe thou¡;hts are
\1:,:1')'
il\tCOl Ilpnn one thing,
)I!{
Otp out of tht:ir aeeount
3.
p"CJuu
p(1, rt
of
lh.lld.'lra /um,
and thlilk that ti nte lhon er
than it ¡s. But if a man, dlln ng his
flc:cp.
r/rt:.J.n,
dnd
a varicty of
idenl
make thcmCelvt:s f'erCl'pohle in hls nllod
One af¡cr anotha, he hath tht:n. duriug
(ll~h
d reamlOg,
a lenle
o(
du ra/ion,
and of the lenglh of
It.
A
nldn having once
gor
this
id~a
uf duration, ean
ap·
ply
it to things \I,,'hich exi H whde he does not thlnk: and
thus
Wc
Illf!:t (u re the time of our fl t!ep, as well as that
whcrein we are awake.
D uralion,
as
mal ked by certa;n periods and meafu re"
is whac
we
mo(~
properly caH
lime ;
whicR we
m':,l:ur~
by Ihe diurnal and annual
reuollltionl
of the (un, as bell1g
conltanr,
regul.ir,and univerfaJly oblervable
byall man..
kino, and ruppored equal to one anolher.
T he mind h<tving once gOl fuch a me:tfure of
lim~.
as
the ;m nual rcvolution of the fun,
C.iOeafily apply it to
duration, wherein that meafure ¡tfelf did not exitt
j
and
che
idea
of
i ilralion
equal ro an
annual rt:1Joluliol/ oflhe
Jun,
is as eafil y applicable
in
our Ihoughts to d uratíon
where no
filO
nor motion was, as lhe
id~f7
of a
flt¡1
or
.lnrd
to diChmces beyond the confines of the worJd .
B y lhe fame means, aod from the f"me original
that
we come to llave lhe
üüa
of time. w"e nave alfo lhat
idea
whicb we caJl
elernilJ .'
for having gOl the Ideas of cer–
tain lengths of duration, we can in our thoughts add
them tO one another as Off as we pleafe, without ever
eoming to an cod.
And thus ;t ;s pl. in, that (rom the
' '.VO
foont.ins of.1I
knowJedge be(ore mentioned.
viz . { alja/ion
and
refl« –
lion,
we get the ideas of auration, and (he feveral mea–
Cures of
it.
Of >lumkerJ.
TH
E
complex
ideal
of
>lumba
are formed by .dding
feveral
unill
together.
ThejillJp/~
modo
of
It
are each
fevera: combinations, as
Irt.uo,. Ihru ,
&:c. Thefe are of
a)) othelS
IliOn
d;U;na, the nearell be;ng a, c1carly d;f–
ferent from each other
as
Ihe moll remote:
l<wo
being
:as dilli nél. (rom
one,
as two hu nd red . Hu t it is hard tO
form di Clina
ideaJ
of every the lean excefs in extenfion.
H ence! deOlonlhations in numbers are more gener<tJ
in
thei r ure, and more determinate in their applicatioo, lhan
thofe of
eXlcn~on .
Simple
1I/Odrl
of numhers being in Ollr mind, hut fo
many
combioations of units, whieh have no variety but
1lI1)re
or
Icfi ;
ntl1!Jel
for eaeh dift inét combi nation [eem
more necefTary than io any ot her fon of
idlOJ.'
F
ur with·
OUt
a
lIn/Jlc,
or
marl ,
to dillinguifh that p!t:cife eollee–
tion, ;,
w;))
hardly be ' kept (rom be;ng a heap o( eon(u–
fion . H ence fome
Am~riconl
have no diHinél
idea
of any
number beyond twenty; fo that when they are d;f–
courfed with of greater
number~,
they
fh ew
the! hai rs of
theoir he:td . So that tO reckoo righ t, two {hings Olre
re·
quircd :
Firjl,
T hat , he mind d;rt;ngu;n, e"e(u))y
' \VO
id:al
which are different one
from
ctnOther only by (he
addi–
tion or fubfir.létion of one unir.
S ec!)ndly,
That it retain in memory the names or
mark,
of
the
fL\'Cral cOlllbinations, fronl ao unil
10
that number;
and tha< in
ex.lIorder, as l hey roJlolV on••oother. ln
eit)¡c:r