1000000030

ta\e~

in is difchargeu by fl ool as it is

fl'Jall~weJ,

very

liul~

altcrcd either in colour or {uuHanee.

S~e

!lI EolcINE .

Ll EUTENANT, an ollicer who fUPFlies the place and

difchargcs the office of a fuperio r in his abfenee. Of

thefe, fome are ci,il, as thc

I~rds·lieuteoants

of king–

doms, and the lord·lieuten.msof countie,; and othe,s

are mil itary, as the lieutenant gencral, lieutenant'ge–

oeral of the artilJe,y, licutenam eolonel, lieutenant of

the anillery of the tower, litutenants of borfe, foot,

íhips of IVar,

&c.

L~rd

LIEUTENANT

o[ ¡re/and,

is properlya vieeroy,

and has all the flate and grandeur of a king of EDg–

land, except being ferved upon the knee. He has the

power of making war and peace, of beflowing all the

offices under the gomnment, of dubbing knights , and

of pardoning all crimes exeept high m afon; he alfo

calls and prorogues the parliament, bllt no bill can pafs

without the royal afrento He is

affifl~d

in his govern–

ment by a priry.counfel; and, on bis leaving the kiog–

dom, he appoints tbe lord, of the legency, who go-'

vern in his abfence.

Lord,

LIEU TENANTS

eoun/io,

are ollieers, \Vho, up–

on any invafion or Icbellion, have power to raife the

militia, and tO give eommiffions to eolonels and other

oflieers, to arm and form them into regimems, troops

and eompanies. Under the lords·lieutenaots, are de–

puty.lietenants, who have the fame power; thefe ..e

ehofen by the lords·lieutenants out of the plineipal

gentlemen of eaeh eounty, and prefemed to the king

for his approbation .

L IEu TENANT' GENERA L, is an offieer oext ia rank to

the general: in bmle, he eommands one of the IVings ;

in a march, a detaehment, or a fiying eamp; alfo a

quarter, at a fiege, 01one of the attaeki, whea it is

his day of duty.

LIFE, is peculiarly ufed to deaote the animated flate of

living crmures, or the lime that the uaion of tbeir

foul and body lafls.

LIFERENT, inSeols law. Whenthe ufe or enjoyment

of a fubjea is given to a perfon duriog his life, it is

faid to belong tO him in lifereot. See LAw, Tit.

xvi . 2t .

LIGAMENT, in aoalomy, a flrong eOmpla fubllaoce,

ferv ing to joio 111'0 bones togelber. See ANATOMY .

LIGATURE, infurgery, is a ebord, b,nd, or Ilriog ; 01

the biodiog any parl of the body Wilb

ehord, baod,

fillel,

Ó(.

whether of leather, Jinnen,

&e.

Ligatures are ufed to extend aod replaee bones Ihat

are broken or diOomed; to lie Ihe palienls dowo in

lilholomy aod amputatioos; to tie upon the nios io

pblebolomy, 01 lhearteries inampl1!alions, or iDlarge

wouods; 10

fe~ure

Ihe CpJiots that are applied 10 frae–

tUTeS; to tie up Ihe proeelres

the peritoo::um, wilb

the fperroatie véfrels in ea(lration; and, lafl ly, in ta–

kiog off warts or other exerefceoees by ligalur•.

LIGHT, io phyfiology, eerlain fubtile partidcs of mat–

ter, eap. ble of exciting in us Ihe CeoCatioll of eolours.

See OPTICS.

LIGHTENING , Ihe burfling of firc from

c1ol1d or

Ihe canh, See ELfCTRI CtTY ..

LIGHTER , in 11nl achitrélure, a large k;nd

bOH

l1fed in the ,i" cr

01'

T bames for earryin

hc¿ry

oods ,

as co:\ls, tim:'cr,

&c.

LlGN lCENS1S

Im a,

inthe maleria mcdiea, Ihe name

of a fine ydlow hole, dl1g in many pans of Germaoy,

panieularl y about Emerie io the eircJe of Weltphalia,

and ufed in cordial and aflriogeot eompofilions.

LIGULATED, anlOng uotani(ls, anappellation given 10

eh flofeules as have a Uraight end turned downwards,

",ith time iodentures, but not divided ioto fegmenl!.

LIGUSTICUM, LOVACE, in botaoy,

genus of the

pemandria digynia clafs. Thefruit isoblong, with five

furrows 00 eaeh fideo There are fix rpeeies, two of

them oalives of Hrilain,

viz .

the fconieum, or SeoniO¡

fea.parfiey; and Ihe eoroubienCe, or Cornwal faxifrage.

LlGUSTRUM, PRIVET, in botaDy, a geou! of trees

bdonging

the diaodria mooogyoia clafs. The eo–

rolla eonfifls of four Cegmeots ; and Ihe berry has four

feeds. There is but ooe Cpeeies,

viz.

Ihe vulgare or

privet, a native of Britain.

LlLIADEOUS, ao appellatioo given to fueh BowCll as

reCemble that of the lily.

LlLlUM, in botany, a genus of Ihe hexandria mono–

gynia clafs. T he eorolla is bell.fhaped, aod eonfifls

of fix pelals, wilh a longitudinal nellariferous line; aod

the valves of the'capCule are conneéled wilh a lauiee;

work of hair. T here are nioe Cpecies, oooe of Ibem

natives of Britaio. The root of the while lily is ree–

kooed emollient aod Cuppuralive.

LIMA, a provioee of Peru, in Soulh Ameriea ; Ihe capi–

tal of whieh, ealled ,Ifo Lima, \Vasalmofl enlirely de–

Ilroyed by an earthquake iD t

146: W.

long.

76°,

aod S. lal. 12°

30/.

LIMAX, io 70010gy, a geous of infeéls

belooging.lo

Ihe

order of vermes mollufca

Ibeeharallers of which are

Ihefe: The body is oblong, 61ted for erawling, with

kind of mufeular eoat 00 the upper pan ; , nd Ihe belly

isplain: Ihey Ime a rouodiíh hole io the fide, oear the

oeek, whieh ferves the purpoCes of genitals, aod for

voidiog their exeremeots: they have likelVife four

tenlaeula or horns, fituale aboye Ihe moulh, whieh tbey

eXleDd or relra{l at pleafure. There are eighl fpeeies,

diflinguifhed eOlirelyby Iheircolqur, as Iheblaek fnail ;

the white foail; Ihe reddiíh fnail; the aOl·eoloulcd

foail

6&.

Soails are raid 10 be hermaphlodites, aod

mUlUally imrregnale eaeh other.

LIMB, in a general fenfe, deooles the border or edge

of a thing : thus, we fay, the limb of

quadraot, of

the fun, of a leaf,

&c.

LI MB, in aoatomy, an appellation given to the eXllemilies

of Ihe body, as the arms aod legs.

LI ~tB,

/imh'Il,

io Ihe ehur ch of Rome, is uCed in tIVO

dilfereot fenfes.

l .

The limb of the patriarehs is faid

to be Ihe place wbere the pmiarehs IVaited Ihe le–

dem?tioo of OIankind: io tbis place, Ihey fuppore our

Sal'iour's loul eomioued from the lime of his dealh 10

his refurreélion.

2'.

Tbe liOlb of infaDls, dying with–

Otlt

bapli COI ;

place fuppefed 10 be dillinCt bóth from

heaven and heJl; fi nee, r. y lhey, ehildren dying in–

ooeeol of anyaélualfin do not dcrcrvchell, and by rea–

fúoof Ihdroriginal fio cannol be

~dmitted

iOlo

h~aven.

LlMI3URG,