1000000030

( '977

L O C'

LIrFl1ntA,

in natural hinory, the

n~me

of a lugeclafs

of :Jllils, inclrJiñg Ihe fi int and pebble kinJs,

The lilhidia

are

defineJ to be (Iones of a

d~bafcd

cry–

nalline matle! , covercd by, and

furround~d

with, ao

op.ke

crun. and frequently of grcat beauty. and con–

liomble brightnefs within, though of but a flight de–

grc( of tranfrneoey,

~pproachiog

10 Ihe nature of the

femi pellucid geml, and like them fouod in not ,ery

lu~e

malfe!,

LITHOGINESIA, a term ufed by fome authors for

the fornul ion of (Iones, See STOH,

l.ITHOMARGA,

S,on, .m.,Ie,

a name given by fome

aUlhors to a fparry fubUlnce highly debafed by eanh,

,,'hieh il (ound in g'eat plenly in the cavel of the

H.n·s foren in Germany, and ufed there,

LtTHONTRIPTlCS, medicineswhich either break, or

~re

fup?ofed to Ime lhe virtue of breaking, (looel in

the urinary pa!fages, See MEDICINE,

LITHOPHYTA. the Dame of Linnzus's third order of

Yermes, See NATUUL,HISTORY ,

LlTHOSPERMUM, GROMWELL, in botany, a genus

of the penlandria mllnbgynia clafs, Tue corolla is

fonncl,/haped, wilh

naked perforaled faux; and Ihe

ealix conG(ls of fin fegments, There are fix fpecies,

Ihree of themoalives of Britain

,iz, lbe oflicinale, 01'

gromwell

the purporo'C:Eruleum, 01' le!fer creeping

gromwell; and Ihe ¡rvenfe. or banard ¡Ikanet. The

feeds of the oRicinale are accounted diuretie.

LITHOSTROTION, in natural hinory,

Dame of a

fpeeiu of foffil coral, eompofed of a greal number of

long and flendercolumns, fometimes rouDd, fomelimes

angular, joined nicely to one anolher, lI1d of a narry

or radiated furfaee at Iheir tops. Thefe are fouod in

coofidmbk quantilies in tbenonhern and wellern parls

of this kingdom, fomelimes iD fiogle, fomeúmes iD

eomplex fpeeimeos.

LITHOTOMY, iD furgery, cuuing for the llone. See

SU~G!RY.

L1THOZUGIA. in natural hifior¡, a genos of foflils,

eompofed

a Gmple fiony mauer, making a kind

cement, ¡nd holding firmly together fmall pebbles

cre.

embooied in it.

LITHUANIA, a provinee of 'Poland, bounded by Sa–

mogilia, Livonia, and pan

Ruffia, on the north

by aoother part

Ruflia, on the ean

by Volhinia

~nd

Polefia, on the fouth; and

Pruffia and, Pola·

chi~,

on Ihe wen.

LITlSCONTESTATlON, in SCOIS law. See LAw,

Tit, xxx,

33'

LITURGY, a name given 10 Iltofe fel forms of prayer

which have been geoeraUy ufed inIheChriflianchurch.

Of thefe there are nOI a fewafcribed to the aponIes

and falhm. DUt they are almoll univerfaUy allolVed

to be fpurious.

LITUUS. in Roman anliquily,

Olort firaight rod, on–

benJing a liule al one rnd, ufed by Ihe augurs.

See AUOUk.

LIV!\DIA, Ihe eapilal of

prol·ince ofEuropeaa Tur–

ky.

the aneienl Achaia. (,Iuaced on Ihe nonh Gde of

the gulrh of Lcpamo :

10Rg.

~3°

15',

lat.

,,' 3

0 •

Vo ~ .

II. No. 67.

LlVER. in analomy. Sec AHATOMY, p, ,64,

LIV ER 'WORT. in bOlany. See LleHEN.

LIVERPOOl" or LlVERPOOL, a pOli townof L,n-

eafilire, Gflern miles nO!lh of

Ch~fier,

which fcad,

IIVO membcrs to parliament.

LlVERYMEN

D¡

London

3re a number of men cho–

fen fromamong Ihe freemen of each company,

01(1

of this body tbe eommon council, /heriff, and atherfupe–

rior aRiem for Ihe government of Ihe eily are elcéted,

and Ihey alone have Ibe privilcge of giving rheir vOles

for members of parliameot

from which Ihe ren of Ihe

citizens are exduded,

LIVONIA. a provinee of Rullia,

160

miles long, aad

1'0

broaJed; boundtd bythegulph of Finland, onthe

nonb; by Ingria and greal Novogorod, on lbe ean

Lilhuania and Cou'r1and, on the foulh ; and by lhe

Bahic,

tbe wen : its cltieflown! are Nuva, ReveJ,

and Riga.

LIVONICA TERRA, a kind of fine bole ufed in Ihe

lbops of Germaoy aod Italy. Thefe earths are bOlh

dug OUl of Ihe fame pit, in Ibe place from whencc

th~y

have their aame, aod in fome olher pans of me world.

They are generally brought to us

m.de

up into liule

eakes. and reaJed wirh the impreffioo of a rourch and

~feutcheoo

witb tWO croCs keys. In Spain and

Portugal Ihey are o!Uch ufed, fometimes fingly. fome ..

times mixed logether, and are good

fever! aod in

fluxes of all kinds.

LlVRE, a Freoch money of accouol, eoolaioing tweolV

fols.

LIXIVIOUS. ao appellation. given to fahs obtamed

fromburnt vegmbles by lotioo.

LIXIVIUM, in pharmacy,

cre.

a ley, obtained by

pouring fome liquor upon the a/hes of plants : which is

more 01'

Id!

powerful,

il has imbibed lhe 6xed falls

contained in the a/hes.

LIZZARD, iDzoology. See LAeuu.

LIZZARD. iogcography, a cape, orpromontoryofCorn–

wall, fifreeo miles foulb of'Falmouth: W.Jong.

5·

47',

N. lat.

so'.

LOACH, in ichlhyology. See CODITIS.

LOADSTONE. See MACNET.

LOAMS, in natural hifiory, are defined lo be emh!

compofed of diflimilar particles, hard, flifF,denfe, Ind

hard and rough to the touch

001 eaGly duétile while

moin, readily difFufible in waler, and eompofed of

rand and a tough vifcid clay. Of Ihefe loams, fome

are whili/h, and olbm browo or yellow.

LOBE, in analomy, any Be/hy proluberant part, as tlle

lob~!

of the lungs,

lob~s

of Ihe em,

Oc.

LOBELlA, in borany, a genus of the

fyng~neGa

mono–

Bynia clafs. The ealix eonfills of hve

f~gmenrs.

aDd

Ihe corolla of one irregular pelal: and Ihe capfule has

two and

fomerim~s

lime celJ.. There are

fp.cics.

only one of them

nalive af Britain,

~;z.

Ihe doni–

nanna. or waler gladiale.

LOCAL, in law,

fom~rlting fix~d

10 Ihe freehold, or

li.d 10 a

c~min

place: Ihus real aétions are local,

Gnce Ihey mun be brought in Ihe country where Ihey

Jie : and local cunoms are Ihofe peculiar to cenaio

eounu ies ano

pl~ces.

Lo cA~