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iafe the energy of this exprellion into any language whofe

verbs are regulady infteéled.

In the fame manner we might go through all the other

tenfes, aod fuew that the fame fuperiority is to be found

in mh - Thus in the

P' rf'{/

t,nft

of the Latins, in·

lIead of the fimple AMAVI , we fay,

HAVE LOVEO;

¡nd by the libeny we have of putting tbe emphalis upon

any of. the 1V0rds which

~olilpofe

th,s

.p'h~afe,

·we. can in

¡he moll accume manner fix the:preclfe Idea whrch we

mean to excite: for if we fay

[ hao, lood ,

with the

emphafis upon the word

it at ooce poiots out the pero

foo as the prihcipal objeél in that phrafe, and makes us

batorally look for a contrall in fome other perfon, aod

tbe. otber pans of the phrafe become fubordioate lO

Ít ;-"

h~1

IDoedlhee

much, but

hao, loved

thee in·

linilely more

f'_

The Latins too, as they were nor pro'·

l1ibited from joining the pronoun with their verb, were

alfo acquaimed with Ihis excellence, which Virgil has

btautifully ufed in Ihis veIfe:

___ o

Nos

patriamlugimul;

Tu,

'fyter"

IMtiJ in

u",6;.,

&c.

But

'\11,

are not only eoabled thus lO dillinguifu the

perfon io as powerful a manner

r.le

Latlns, bUI canal(o

with rhe fame facililY poinr out any of Ihe other circum·

Ilanc~s

as principals ¡ for if we fay, withthe emphafis up·

onthe word

" 1

/DoM,"

ir as oaturiJly points

out the time as theprincipal objeél, and makes us look for

conmé! io that peculiarity,

HAVE: " I

hav,

loved

indeed ¡-my imagination

hal

béen led allray-my reafon

pOI

beeo perve.ned :- but:.

no",:

Ihat

~irbe p~"Op~ned

eyes, I caD fmtle al thofe

ImaglD~ry

Mlreíl'es whlch once

perplexed me."-In ¡he (ame nlanoc"r

can 'pUt the em·

pha6s upon tbeomer wotd'ohhe phrafe

lovd,-"

hav,

LOv &o."-Here tbe pallioo is exhibited as thepnncip:H

circumllance; and as

this

can never be excited withDut

fomeobjeél, we Qaturally wifu'o kaow the

o~jeél

of that

pafion _" Who! wbat have

y~u

looed?" Are

the natural

quemons we ,would pll! in hiscafe.

~' I

have LOVE!>

__Eliza."_ ·_ Io this manner weare,

all

occaúons,

<cnabled to exprefs, wlth tbe utmoll predúon, that par·

ticular idea which lI'e wonld wifu to excite', fo as to

give an energy and perfpicnity to the

langu~ge,

which

caD aever be mained by lhofe languages whofe wbs are

conjugared by inaeélion¡ and if tOthis we add theincon·

convenience which a1l inBeéled languages are fubjeéled to,

by having toOfmall a number of teofes, fd as tO be como

pelled tOmake one word on maby occaúons fupply the

place of two, three, or evenfour, the baJaoce is turced lliU

more in oor favours.-

Thus.in

Latio, thefame word

AMA'

110

Ilands for

/hall

'\IIill

love. fo that the reader is left

lO guefs (rom th: context which of tbe two meanings it

was mol! likely Ihe writer had io view.- In the fame

manner,

may

can

love are expÍell"ed by the fame word

M ;

as is aJfo'

tnighl.could,

'IJJ~uld,

/hould

love, by

tbe úngle word

MAREM, as we bave alre"ady obferved ¡

fo tbal rne reader is left tO guefs wbich of thefe four mean·

ings the writer inteoded tO exprefs¡ which occafions

pero

plexity very difreceot from that

clm

precifioo "hich our

language allows of, by not ollly poíotingout the different

words, bel

alfo

by allowing as 10

pUl

empb~s

upon

any of them we pitare, which fupmdds energyand force

to the precifion

would have had witbout that of allill'.

ance.

Upon lhe whole, thercfore, after the moll candid exa.

minalioo, we mul! condude, thal the methodof coojuga.

ling mus by

injl'{/'DR

isinferiorlolhat which is perform.

ed by the helpof

auxiliariu

¡-becaureit daes not afrord

fucn a diverúlY of founds,-nor allow fuch variety in the

arrangement of exprellion for tbe fame thougbl,-nor

give fo muchdifiibélion and precifion inthe meaning.-–

JI il, however, a!tended with oneconfiderable advantage

above the other melhod : for as the words of which it is

fotmed are necell"ITily of greater length, and more fono.

rous, tban io the analogous laoguages, it admilS of a more

Ilowiog harmOny of e.xpreflión ¡ for Ihe number of mono.

fyll ables in rhis lall greatly checks tbat pompous digoity

whleh natu'rally reftil!s from longer words. Wbether

this fioglc advaouge is fuflicient lO counterbalance all tbe

other defeéls with which it is a((ended; .is left tO'lhe

judgment of \he reader to determine :-but we may

~e.

mark, before'we quit the fubjeél, Ihat even this excel·

lence is atten'ded with fome peculiar inconveniences, which

Ihall be more particulady poioted OUI

io·t~e·feqoel.

But perha?,

miglt~

fiill be objeéled, that the como

parifon

U'C

have made above., ahhough it may be fair,

and the conclu600 jull 'with regard 10 'the LatÍn and

Englilb laoguages ¡ yet

doe! not appear

clear',

that

00 that aCCOQnt the method of coojugaíiog verbs by

,in·

jMl!M

i"firi.r

to th:n ·by

auxiliari",'

f6r'althdug~

allowed, rhat

t~e

Latio language is defeélive·.in

point of tenfC$ ¡ yet if a laoguage

we~

formed \Vhicn

ha<!

fuJlicient numbtr of i08eéled teores to an{wer ever.y

purpofe ¡ if it had, fbr

~aoce,

-a

word propedy formed

for ever¡ variatioo of (ach .Ieafe:;. ene for

1 ¡.VI•

i.n·

orner for

d. love ;

one for

I /hall,

aoother for

'lJJiIIloV(

;

one for

mighl,

another for

could,

aod

'\II,"¡d,

and

foou ld

love ¡ aod fo 00 througb all the other tenfes ;

tbat this landuage \Vould not be liable to the objeélions

we 'bave brought againll the ioBe.!1ion of veJbs ¡

an¡I

tbat of courfe, d,e objeélions \Ve have brought are onJ.y

valid againa thofe languages whicb'have followéd lhat

mode aod executed it imperreélly.--We

anfwer,lb~t

altbough this would in

fomem~rure

remedy tbe evil, yét

it ",ould bOl removeil entirely. For in thcfirll place,

UQ·

lers every verb, or a very fmall number of verbs, wis

conjugared in cine way, hav,og the found of ¡he words

each teofe, aod divifionsof tepfes,

we may fay, diUereol

from all the otber conjugations,-it would aJways occa·

úon a fameoefs of fouod; which would in fome mearurc

preveot that variety of founds fo proper for a language.

And eveo if this could be effeéled, it would not give fucb

a latitude to tbe expreffion as auxiliaries allow: far al·

though there fuould be twO words, ooe for

Inighl,

and

another for

COI/Id

love ¡ yet as (hefe are úngle wordl,

they caoool be varied ¡ whereas, by auxilañes, ·eimer of

thefc cao be

v~ried

Iwenly.four dlffmnt \Vays, as has

'been fuewn abore.-In the lan place, no fingle word

can ever exprefs an that variety of meaniog which we

cao do by !he help of our auxilaries aod the emphaGs.

have looeJ,

ir exprell"ed by aoy one word, could onlr

denote at anlimes one

dilliDa

meaning; fo lbat, lO give

ít