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L A N
",hieh lhe anal(lgolll l~ng\la~e! acquire by pU llin~ lhe ae
eenlllpon Ihe nOlln, or ill p"'pofadon (wloen in ao 00·
lique "Ce) , accordiog as lhe fnhje,~ may require, 10 ex·
pr~fs which vHialion of meaniop, no parlleolar v"ielYof
\\'ord. hare been iovenled io aoy inOcéled IdO¡~U.I&e, Ihey
are nOI n'en complete in olher rerpc,~s.-T hc Lalio, in
pmicul,lf, is in manyc:¡fes dcfeélil'c, Ihefame Icrmioalioo
~cillg el1lployed in m.loy inO~nees fur JifrcrtOl e.res of
Ihe r.,me nOIlO - Thus lhe geoilive anrl rlali,. faoglllar,
and nominad,'c aocl "omive plural, of Ihe lirO "celen·
fion, are all cxaélly alike, and can only be (Iilliogllilll~d
from one anolher by Ihe rorOl~linn of Ihe fenlenees ¡–
as are alfo Ihe nomindli'e, voealive and ablalive fao·
guiar, and lhe dali"c and ahlalive plural. ¡1I1he feeond,
lhc genilive fanglllar, anJ nominalive:md voealive plural,
are Ihe fame ¡ as are alfo lhed'li'e anel ablalivc lingular,
and dalive and ablali"e plurali execpl lhofe in uM, whofc
nominali,'e, accufalive, and vocalive fanglllnr, and nomina·
l ive, aceufalive and voeali"e plural, arealike. The olher
time declenfaons agree in as many of Iheir caf" as Ihefe
do ¡ whieh evidently lends 10 perplex Ihe m ..niog, un ·
lefs lhe hearer is panieularly ntI~nlive lO, aod well ae·
qnainled Wilh, lhe pmieular eoollruélion of Ihe olher
of lhe fenlcnec ¡ all of whieh is 10lally removed,
and Ihe clearell eertaiOlY exhibiled. al once, by Ihe hdp
of prepolilions in Ihe an~logous langlnges.
11 IVill hardly be necefrary 10 enler inlo fueh a minule
exaOlinalion of lhe advanlages ordifadvanl3ges aneoJing
lhe ,arialion ofodjtfliofJ: as il will appear evidenl, from
\Vhal h.s beco alreadyfaid, IhallheendolV'ng Ihem with
terminalions famitar la, and eorrefponding wilh Ihe nouns,
mul! leOllllill more and more 10 incre~fc Ihe familarilY
of founds in any t.lOguage. lhan any of Ihofe particular!
\Ve have already !akcn nOliee of: and IVere il nOl for Ihe
liberty whieh Ihey have, in tranrpofalive languages. of
feparaling Ihe adjeéli.e from Ihe noun. Ihis mult have
1JCe~faoned fudl a jingle of familar founds as bchoved 10
havebeen mull difguning 10 Ihe tu: bUI as il IVould have
been impollible in OIany cafes, in Ihofe languages whm
Ihe ver!js and nouns are inRelled, 10 have pronouneed Ihe
,"ords whieh oughllo have folln\Ved eaeh olher, unlef,
lheir adjeéli,'(S eould have been reparaled froOl Ihe nouns ¡
lherefore, 10 remedy lhis inconvenienee, Ihey were foro
eed 10 dCfife lhis uonalUral melhod of infieéling Ihem
olfo i by ",hieh meaos il is eafy 10 r.eognize 10 ívh~1 ooun
Any adjeélive has a rd«enee, in wlmever pan oF Ihe
feutenee il nuy be plaeed.-II Ihefe laoguages. Ihere·
fore, Ihis inRcélion, bOlh al 10 gender, nUlllber. and e..fe,
Ileeomes a~loluldy : ando by ,he diverfalY ..hieh
jI admimd in Ihearrangiog Ih~ w",ds of Ihe feveral phra–
fes, mighl eounlerb.lance Ihc jingle of fimila r founlls
\Vhieh il iOlroduecd iOlo Ihe 1.lnguaGe .-Rul II'hal Olall
we f..y uf Ihofe Europe~n nalioos, \Vho, a"hough pollef.
fed of" bnAuage in every rcfpc'~ d;fr~renl from Ihe mnf·
poljtive idiom, have ne':rlhdefs au"plerllhe v..,i.lion$ of
lhClr lojeélives in lhe f..llen f, ofe 1 1m he' e Ihey
nothin~ la (e Ihi. rlif:lgrec~:,I~ jingle of fami·
1" fo, , fo d.llruéllve of ~II rullwmnny.-Iu Ihe
day\ of m'¡c4illt .snor Ince. whtll ti,., cun~lo W,I! prn"~.
bl y intrudu,td, Ihe d.IIIIII': .,f lVur.!, lIIilh I'nc auolher
nli~bl be c!kelll,d 'o "ro 1.• 1' al ; bUI no\\' Ih.l ruaok 111
1. A N
have amined a h·r.I,n f".re or harmony ar..1p,opliel)'.
\\'e In I! ril~i" may fcl lei lall' IIlIrf, Ives lO fi nd. Ih" nur lao.
w"ge I ..s tf(¡pcd Ih:s mark 01 harU.¡rilY, whie:1 fo m3ny
o;hers >re now fllhj céled 10.
Havinr. IhuI e~¡mined lhe mon fi, iki nr. pa"ielllar~ in
which' Ihe lIanrpofillve aod an. .\ogous Idnl:lI~ges dlfrcr,
and endeavoulCll to 0101V Ihe general "ndeney of cvery
one of Ihe panieul... fepml ely. il wOllld nOI ue f.i r lO
difmifs Ihe fubjctl IV Ihout eonlideriog eaeh of Ihefe as a
whole. and puinling OUl Ihei r general lendeney in Ihat
lighl: for lVe all koow. Ihal il ufren happcns in human
iOl'enlions. Ih,tI evel y pan whieh compoles a whule, la–
ken fcpmld y. m¡y appear eXlremcly line ¡ and yel,
when all lhefe pans >re pUllor,elher, Ihey nuy nOI ap,ree,
bUI prodllee a jarring and eunfllfauo very dilferenl from
whar we O1iglll have expeiled. \Ve Iherefore imagioe 3
felll remarks upoo Ihegcnius of eaeh of Ihefe lWO diltinll
ID IOMS of language eonfadered as a whole will nOl be
dcem,d ufelefs .
Ahhough all tanguagcs agree In Ihis rerpeél. lhal Ihey,
are Ihe means of eooveylOg Ihe ideas of ooe man lO aoo–
lh" i yel as Ihere are an iuGnile variety of ways in whieh
we mighl wiOI 10 eonvey lhefe irlel!, fUmelilll(s by Ihe
eafy anrl f.uuiliar mode 01' convelC"ioo. and al olher limes
bymOre folemn addrefres to Ihe ulIJerltanding, by pom–
pous deelamalion, &e. il may fa happen, Ihal lhe genius
of ooe langl,"ge maybe more properly adapled 10 Ihe ooe
of Ihefe Ihan Ihe olher, while anolher language may
excel in lheoppofale particular. This is exaélly Ihe eafe
in Ihe IwO gener~1 ID10M s of which we nolV Irell.-E–
very particular in a Iran/rnjilio, Jaoguage, is peeuliarly
ealculaled for Ihal folemn dignilY which is neecfrary foc
pompous oralioos. Long founding words, formed by
Ihe inOellion of lhe dill'ereot panl of fpcech,-llolYing
periods, io whieh lhe aIt~ntion is kepl awake by Ihe har–
mony of lhe founds, and an expellalioo of Ihal word
IIIhieh is 10 unrave! Ihe whole,-if eompofed hy a lkilful
artill, are admirably fuileo 10 Ihal folemo dignity and
awful g"ee whieh eoollilule Ihe errenee of a publie ha–
rangue. On lheeontrary, in eonverf,tlion, where
Ihe mind wilh.. 10 unbeod ilfelf IVilh eafe, Ihefe become
fo many cJoggl whieh encuoluer and perplex. Al thefe
momenls we wilh 10 Iransfufc our Ihough" wilh eafe
anrl faeilily-we are I"'eu wilh (very fyllable
-and wilh 10 he freed of Ihe Irouble of aucolionas mueh
'as may be. Lik~ ~ur liare·robe., we would wilh 10 lay
.fade our pnmpous I.logllage, aod cnjoy uurfdves al hom~
wilh freeooO! anJ e&. Here Ihe folemnilYaod wind–
ings of I~. Iron/pifilio, language are burdenfume¡ while
Ihe facililY wilh which ~ fenl.mtnl can be expreO"d in Ihe
lhe •••hJoUJ lallgu~~e is Ihe Ihiog Ihal we w"h 10 ae–
quilC.- In Ihis 11I10l~le, Ihough moO cng.lging fphtre,
Iheanllogous language mo,'es unnval'ld :-111 Ihis il wilhes
10ir,dlllge, aOlI n':'cr lires. BUI il ir, vainallemplS 10 rival
Ihe Ir "#1'io, in dignilV aod pOOlp: Th~ "umber 01'
IOnnofyllal,les in'crrupllhe Oow ef h.rrOlOOYi and altho'
Ihry Ol~y giv~ a l~reatCr valiely 01' foun"s, yel Ihcy do
OOt nmtrally poll'cf, Ih~1 di&Ollicd gr.lvily ",hieh fuils
Ihe olha lao~lI1ge. This, Iheo, Olult be eonfidered .9
Ihe Itrik.n~ ".lftieular in Ihe ~"nins of Ihefe I\YOJifer–
COI rul OH I, w"ie" $ l",ir d,"Jll~rs.