1000000030

810

IIYDllOSTA T

e s.

barrel BC

g~t

abor: it wh:J it is d, prelfed to B, nllfl

lhe vah'e

(I/ltidl rtle hy the nfeent of the

1V.\tI"

tltrnup,h

lhe

wlten tite r1ulIf,r r

I'I.'S

tlrnwo nI' )

f.dl

s ,iowlI

2no flops tite hole in

1[,

Ihe IIwmcnl Ihal lite

pluo~er

raifedln il;

r.rc

~ldl h~ighl.

T hol'f.>re,

Ihe W:ller

b~l\\'CCO

lhe plungcr

antl bo:,

eJn ocilhcr

~ell!trour.h

Ihe pluoger upon

lIS

ekfeenl, Mr baek agaio iOlo Ihe

lowcr par! of Ihe pump

L _,

hUI

I,,~

a free pJfr.lge "7 lhe

ea,ity arollod

inlO Ihe pipe

M ~I ,

whie l, opcns iOlo Ihe

ail 'vclfe!

KIC

1';

lhe waler is fora d lhrough lhe pipe

by rhe defeenl of Ihe pllloger. antl dril'en into Ihe

air.vertd; aod io lunning up Ihrough rlte pipe al

(lpeos Ihe ..Ive

n ;

whleh fhu ls al rhe momenr rlte

plunger bcgins lO be raifed, bmufc lhe aftion of Ihe

warer againfllhe lindel' fide oulte valve Ihen e"fcs.

The WJlcr, being Ihus foreed inro lhe air·\'eOel

by repealed flrokcs of Ihe plunger, gels above lite 10IVer

cnd of lhe pipe

CH!,

and Ihen begins 10 eoodenfe Ihe

.ir io Ihe velfel

KK.

For, as rhe pipe

is fixed . ir–

tight inlo lhe velfel belo",

aoolhe .ir 1m 00

~'ay

get our of rhe .drel bUl Ihrollgl\ rhe moulh 01' the pipe

and eannol get out ...hen rhe mOUth I is eovered

with waler, ano is more ano more

enndenf,~1

as lhe

waler rifes upon Ihe pipe, Ihe air Ihen begios ro aft for–

cibly by ils fpriog'agaiofl lhe furfaee of Ihe waler, ar

H :

and Ihis aftillo drives Ihe warer up Ihrough Ihe pipe

GF,

from whenee ir fpours io ajel S ro a greal heighr;

a1ld il fupplied by alternalcly raifing Aod depreffing 01' Ihe

plunLer

",hieh eooHanrly forees lhe water lhar il rai–

(es Ihrough the valve

aloos Ihe pipe MM, into Ihe

air-verrcl

KK.

'fhe higher Ihat lhe fu.faee of Ihewater

is raired io

rh~

air·verre/, lh. lefs fpm willlhe air be eondenfed io·

lO, whid, oefore filb l rhal veffd; aod Iherefore lhe

force of ilS fpriog 'will be fo mueh rhe flrooeer upoo lbe

waler, antlwill drive il \Vilh Ihe grealer force Ihrough

the pipe al

and as Ihe fpriog of Ihe air eontinues

whilfllhe pluoeer

rifio~,

Ihe tlreamor j:l S will oe

uniform, as loog as rhe aftlon of Ihe pluoger eoorioues:

3011

\Iheo Ihe . alve

f¡

opeos, ro lel Ihe w' ler follow Ihe

plunger upward.. lhe

val~'e

fhUlI,.IOhinoer. rhe warer,

whieh:s foreed '010 lhe aH·velfcl , froOl runnlog baek by

¡he pipe

ioto rhe bar"l of lhe pump.

If rhere \Val

air·vdíd 10 Ihis eogioe, Ihe pipe

GH[

would

joineu ro Ihe pipe

MMN

and ¡heo

the JCI

would flop every rime Ihe plunger is raifeJ,

and run or,ly wheo Ihe plunser is deprerrcd

MI'

Ne~

fh,m's waler·rngine . forexringuifhing

6re,

con–

r.lls of r\\'o foreing pumps, whieh ahernarely drive wa–

I!r iOlo a

cl~fe

velfe! of

atr;

and by foreiog rhe waler io–

to th,r veffcl. Ihe air io ir is IherebyeondellfeJ, and eom–

F clfcs Ihe waler fo flrooSly. rhal .il rufhe.! OUI lVilh

gr~al

in,peluofiryand force

th~ough

a pIpe lhar eOOles down

10'

10 ir; ,nd m,kes a eonltould umform flream

Ihe con–

deoration of rhe air upon ils fUlfaee io Ihe ,errd.

Hv means of foreiog plllnps, water maybe raifed 10 a–

h~ióhl

ahoye Ihe.levcl of a river 01' fprins;

~nd

ma–

chioes I"ay be

eontrt.cl

! 10 work Ihefe pumps, ellher by

ruoniog flream, , fa!

ware~,

or by horfes . An

ioflaoee in faeh fOil

\VIII

oc fuffieleol to

O'CW

Ihe me–

Ih~d.

Firfl, by a ruonios Ore'm. Or afall of w,ler . Lel AA

(fiJ:.

5·)

he a IVhecl lurnen by the

r,1l

of water

na ·

and

ha"c JOy o"moer nf cranl,s (filppofe ti>:) as

G. H,

no ils

ay.I~.

aceordin¡: IIllhc

Hr~r.grll

drhe f.1I of

waler, and Ihe h:ighl

whieh rhe l'Ialer is iOlended ro

be raifed by lhe englne. As lhe wheclruros round. thefc

~n.ks

movc

Ih~

levers

g, .h,

up an.! down, hy

Ihe Iroo rods "

/, "',

n, o;

whleh allcrnalely

raif~

and deprefs Ihe pillons hy Ihe olher

iron

rods

'W.

x,,r,

in l"'elve pumps ; nine II'hereof, as

!I[,

N, O,

Q¿

appear io rhe plm ; rhe olher

Ihree being h,o oehind rhe ...011: al

And as rires may

go from all

Ihef~

purups, ro eoovey rhe waler (drawn up

by Ihe01 to a fmaJl heighl) ioto a clofe cillero, f,om

",hich Ihe maio pipe pro,eeds, rhe waler \ViII be foreed

inlo lhis eiflero by Ihe defeenl of Ihe piflons. And as

eaeh pipe, going from ils refpeélive pump ioro lhe cillern,

has a valve at irs eod io rhe cifiero. Ihefe ,>alves will

hinder Ihe returo of rhe water by Ibe pipes; ano there.

fore, \Vhen Ihe ciHern is ooce full, eaeh pifloo UpOll ill

dcreen! \ViII force rhe waler (eonfeyed ioro the ciflern oy

a former firoke) up Ihe maio

~pe,

ro Ibe heighr the eo–

sioe lVas iOler.dcd 10 raife il: "bich heighr depeods up–

on the

quant~ry

raifed, and Ibe po",er ¡har IUros tbe whell.

Wheo Ihe power UpOD Ihe whoel is lelfeoed by aoy de–

feft of Ihe quanliry of water ruroing il, a proponioo•.

ble oumberof ¡he pumps may be laid afine, by difeo–

S'giog Iheir rods fro", lhe vibrariog levers.

This figure is a reprefenlarioo of ¡be en[.ine tre,qed

at Blenheim for the Ouke of Marlborough , by lhe lare

ingeniou! Mr Alderfea. The wmr·whee! is

diameler, accordiog ro Mr Swilzer's aeeounl in his Hy–

draulics.

Wheo fueh

machioe is plaeed in 2 flream lhal ruol

upon a fmall declivilY. rhe mOlioo of rhe levérs aod ac·

tion of Ihe pumps will be bUI Oow; fince the wheel mull

go ooce round for eaeh flroke of the pumpI. BUI, wheo

there is a large body of 0011' running waler, a eog 01'

fpnr.wheel may be plaeed upoo eaeh fide

the waler–

whecl AA, upon us axis, to rul'o a trunale upon mh

fide; rhe moks beiog upon rheaxis of Ibe trundle. Ano

by proponiooiog Ihe eog.wheels 10 the Iluodlel, rhe

tilO–

lion of the pump' may

made quicker, aecordiog ro

rhe qu, nlily aod flreogrh of Ihe waler upoo the 6rfl

wheel; which may be as gre' l as Ihe workmao pleafes,

aeeordiog to the leoglh aod breadth of rhe floar-boudl

or wings of Ihe whee!. In rhi, manner, rhe engioe (or

raifing water at Loodoo·Bridge is eonflruélcd; in lI'hi,h

rhe wat.,-wheel is

fm diameler, aod Ihe flol!

fm loog.

A quadruple pump·millf.¡r raiji"g 'Il.'a/tr.

TR¡ en gioe is repre(eoled io PIare

99.

fit

l .

whieh ARCO is a whee!, rumed by warer accoruiog 10

rhe order of rhe lerrer!.

rhe horizoolal

a~i!

arefour

fmall wheels, roorhed almofl hal( round: and Ihe pans

of their edges on whieh rhere are no reelh are cut down

fo as 10 be el'eo lI'ilh the bOlloms of Ihe leetn where

they flaod.

Tl:~

lmh of lhefe four wheels take aheromly inlo

Ihe