1000000030

G U N

»cCs of Ihe metal round the chamber is 6 inches. The

lourillons are, fromone end

the other,

inches long,

and 7 inches of Ji.mctcr; and Ihe momr is in all 3fool

inches high.

Ihrows abomb

inches

lines of diammr, which

ineh

lines Ihick evely where, excrpt at ils cullol,

which has

inch 8 Iincs.

The aperlure of ils louch·hole oUlfide and infide, is

16lines.

The bomb conlains

pounós of powder, aod weighl

13°·

The mortar, which has a eooeave ehamber conlaining

pounds of powder, mull Ihrow

bomb of

inches

lines. lISdiam' ler is of

12-}

inches ; ils bore

inc,hes

long; ils

l~ickneCs

al rhe ehaCe

ioehes; ils reinforeed

ring

ioehes long, and

inehes Ihiek; ils eooeave cham·

ber

inches

lincs long, and

inehes in diameler; Ihe

miekoefs of Ihemelal round il

inches; ils lourillons

iDehes long from One end

the other, and

ioehes io

diameter. The concave chaOlbn contains

pounds

powder, and Ihrows a bomb as above.

The ordiDary mortar, which Ihrows a bomb of

inehes

lines, has a bore of

ioehes Jiameter, and

long; its thiekners at Ihe oeek

ioehes ; at il! reio–

{oreed ring 2.} inches; its

chamb~r

9{-

inches in lenglh,

ils diammr of

inches, the Ihicknefs of the metal

round the ehambel

iDehes, which ehamJer eontaios

pounds of powder; Ihe tourillons have ia length, from one

cad

the orher,

ioehes, and

inehes of di.meter.

The mOrtar, which throws a bomb

inehes, has

¡be bOle

inehes long, and

inches

lines in diame–

ter; ils Ihieknefs

ioeh 41ioes

Ihe cbaCe; its reio'

forced riogs

inches

Iioes long, and

inch

liOC!

Ihiek; its ch.mber

inches loog, aod

inches

lines

of diameler ; its tourilloos 18 ioches 8 lioes iD length,

aad

inches

lines

diameter. The bomb of

inches

diameter is

Iines thick every where, excep! at Ihe

cullot, which is

13,

and ils louch,hole

ioch of diame–

ter infide and outfide. The chamber conlaios

pouods

powder, and Ihe bomb weighs

pounds.

Thebore of Ihe mortar, which is to Ihrow

bomb of

ioches, is of 6¡ inches of diameler, and

inches

long; its Ihiekners at Ihe chafe I ioch; ils reioforeed

riog I! ineh Ihiek, and

31'

inches loog ; ils chamber

41'

inches long,

~nd

ioches of diameter; Ihe IhickneCs

me metal

inches, and from Ihe bOllolO of Ihe chamber

behind Ihe recoil of Ihe morcar 4 ioches Ihick.

Common monars are very good for rhe bOOlbardment

pbce, when Ihey cao be earried

oe~r

rhe place;

Ihrowing Ihe bomb

45 degrees of elevalioo, aod

700

Calhoms diOance: Ihe chamber is charged wilh

pound!

powder, whieh is Ihe grealdl charge, aod car–

ries fanher: thenearer a place a morcar is mounted, the

I~fs

powder is waoled for ils charge, The mortars, wilh

a concave chamber of Ihe r,m: di,meter,

ami

; 2{,

inches, poioled al 45 degrecs, aro pruper tO bom–

bard place! afar off; Ihoy carry Iheir bombs from

1200

1800

falhoms. Thofe whofe chamber coolaios

p,ound, of powder, Ihrow Ihe

bom~

1200

falhoms,

aod weigh

1000

lb. ¡hofe of

pOlllld, of powder will

G U N

cmy Iheir bombs to

'400

falhom" and weigh' Zíoorb.

ThuCe of

pouo¡ls of powdcr will carry

1800

CathoI!lS,

and weigh

5000

lb,

The

rarria~e

for a momr of

inches oí diameler

muO be (, COOI long, lhe i1.flrs

inches long and

IRiek., The trunnions are placed in Ihe middle

Ihe

carriage.

The carriage of

mull be

COOt loog; and the nallo

l inches high, and

Ihiek.

To mounl Ihe monars

oew inveolioo, Ihey uCe ear–

riages of

edil

iron,

In Germany,

mOllnl momrs from 8 ta 9 inehes,

and cart y them into Ihe field, and execule Ihemhori.

zonlally as a piece of cannon, rhey make IIfe of a piece

of wood

feet

inches long, wilh a hole io Ihe middle

lodge the body o'f Ihe mortar and ils trunnionsas fae

as Iheir h. lf diammr, and mounlcd

two whetl, four

feet high, to which Ihey join a vantraio proporuoned

il, and made like Ihoie which Cerve tO Ibe earriage6of

caoooos.

H~ving

mounled Ihe morlar on

lIS

c~rriage,

the neKt

thing is

c.lIber Ihe bomb, by means

a great ca·

liber, the IWO branche, whereoC

em~race

Ihe whole

circumference of Ihe bomb : Ihefe I\VO branehcl

i.le

broughl on

rule \Vhere Ihe di{fmnt ealibers are malk–

ed, among which Ihat of Ihe' bomb is found.

bomb is a hollo\V iron ball, or Ihell, 611ed wilh gua–

powder, and furnilhed wilh a venl for a fufee or wondeo

lube filJed \Vilh combullible maner

be Ihrowo ou'c

from

mortar. The melhod

01'

preparing

bomb is a6

folJow,:

hollow irQn glube is caa prcttl' Iliick, har

ving a round apenure by which il ma)' be lilled and lighr–

ed; anJ circular anfx for lhe commodioufiy punitig it

ioto Ihe monar. To pron ll'h-th:r ir be Ilauoch, afler

hwing il red hOI on Ihe coals, it is expofed to Ihe air

fo as il may cool gendy ; for, fi nee fire dilal(s iron, iC

there be any hidden chinks or perforatioDs, they ",il!

thus be opeaed and eolarged, aod Ihe ratber becauCe of

the Cpriog of the includetl air conlinually ading from

wilhio. This done, Ihe caviry of Ihe

glob~

is úJl.d lVith

hot

W~ler,

and Ihe aperture weJl OoppeJ, aod Ibe

o~t~r

[urface walhed wilh cold waler aod foap;

Ihu iC

I~e['e

be Ihe Cmalldl I..

Ihe airo rarified by

I~e h~¡t,

w:ll

now perfpire aod form bubbles

Ihe furfaee.

no dered be found in Ihe: bomb, ils CJl'ily is fiUrd,

by mean! of a funoel, wilh whole: gun'powder; a lillle

fpace or libeny is lefl, Ihal \Vhenafufce or wooden IlIbe,

01'

Ihe figure

a Iruocate:d cone, is driveo Ihrough rhe

apellure, (",ilh a wooden mallel, OOt an iroo ooe, for

Cear of ",cidenl), aod f¡flcned \\ilh a cemenl made of

quick,lime, afiles,

brick,du{~,

and necl

~Iings

workcd

logelher in a glulinous waler, or of four pans of pilCh,

t\Vo

colophony, one of

lurp~nline. ~nd

one

e,f

WJX

Ihe powJer may [loe be bruifed. ¡his lube is 611cd wilh

acombuOible mamr, made of

1"'0

oUllees of nilre, one of

fulphur, and Ihrer of gun'powder,dufl well momró.

This fufce fel

lire, burns nuwly lil! il reaehes Ihe

r,un powder. whieh

gil"

off al once, burlling Ihe Ih<ll

pieees ",ilh incredi!>le v'ol..nce, Speci.t! cm, howe–

I'er, mul! be I¡ken, Ihat the !'ufcc be fo proponioncd,

tha'