766 / 1042
G U N
( 75 6 )
G U N
long,
r~r
lhe pieees from twelve 10 'hirty tllree pouod–
~rs;
and ten for the eight and four pounders; whi,h
f~rve
to drive home
th~
powner aod
b~1J
tO the brmh,
The fpunge,
(ibid.)
whieh is a long IIJff or rammer,
\Vilh a rieee of fheep or Iaolb íkin wound aboul ill eoJ,
lOferoe for feouring the eJonon ",heo difeharged, before
jt be eharged with frelh pOIVder; to prevent any fpark
of 6re from remaining in her, \Vhieh would eodanger the
lifeof him who fhould load her again .
W¡d-(erew,
(ibid.)
"hieh 'are
t\Vo
poinlS of iron
(urned ferpent.",ife, 10 extraét Ihe wad out of the pieee.,
wheo ooe waots 10 unload tbem, or the dirt whieh fiad
(haneed to enter into it.
The botefeux,
(ibid)
which are (lieks IWO or three
feel long, and an ineh Ihick, fplit al one end, 10 hold an
end of Ihe match twi(led ronod il. to 6re Ihe eannon.
Thepriming iroo,
(ibid.)
",hieh is a pointed iron rod,
to clear the loueh·hole of Ihe pieces of powder or dirt;
and alfo
to
peiree the e.u-tridge, that it may
fooo~r
lake
~ re.
The primer,
(i6id.)
IObieh mu(l eootaio a pound
oC
powder at lea(l, to prime the pieees.
The quoio of mire, .whieh ore pieees of wood wilh
a
noteh
00
the fide to put the fingers on, to dra"
Ihem baek or pulh them forward, when Ihegunner poin!!
bis pieee. They are plaeed O." the fole of the earriage.
Le,den plates, whieh are ufed to eover the toueh·hole,
when the pieee is eharged, le(l fome dirt /bould enter it
aod Itopil.
Before you eharge the pieee, fpunge ilwell,
10
clean
ít of al! fi lth aod di,t withio·fide ; then Ihe proper weighl
of gunpowder, whieh po,vder
drive
in and ram down
j
taking care that the powder be not bruifed in ramming,
"'hieh weakens ils cffeCt
j
ron over it a linle quanlily
oC
paper, hay, or lhe like ; and then lhrow in Ihe ball.
1'0 poinl, level, or direCt the pieee, fo as tO play a–
gainfi any eertain poinr, is done by Ihe help of a qua–
drant with a plummel ; whieh quadranl eonfi(ls of IWD
branehes made of brars
~r
wood
j
oae about a foot long,
eight lines broad, and one line in Ihieknefs ; the olher
four inches long. and Ihe fame thieknefs and breadlh as
lhe former. Helween thefe branehes is a quadJanl, di·
vided inlo 90 degrees, beginning from the fhorter braoeh,
and furnifhed wilh thread and plurnmet.
Place Ihe longelt braneh of Ihis in(lrumenl in Ihe ean–
Don's mculh, and e1evale or lower il liJl Ihe Ihread euts
the degree neeelrary to hil Ibe propofed objea. Whieh
Gane, prime Ihe eannon, and Ihen fet fire
10
il.
1'0
POinl a eannon ",ell , fo as lOdo Ihe exwttion pro–
pofed, we mult know the path of a buJlft, or the line it
deferibes, from Ihe mOUlh of the pieee la Ihe poiot where
ir
Jodg~s.
whieh path is eommonly eaJled range.
•
If
Ihe rim be laicJ in a line paralld tO Ihe horizon, ,t
~s
eaJled Ihe right or level range; and ií it be Olounled
10 .15
d~grtes,
the baJl is raid lO have the <Imo(l range,
and fo p-oporrionably ;
"JI
others bet\Veen 00 degrees and
~
¡,
bring ",lid intermrcliarc ranges.
A fhol made ",hen Ihe muzzle of a eannon il! raifed
~.
hoveIhe horizonlalline, and is not defigned tOIbeol
di–
m'lIy or poiol blank,
i~
ealled random-fhot.
The UIOJOl! randomof any
pi~ee
is about ten limes as
fH as Ihe bul1<:t \ViII go poiot blanl:; aod the buJlct
..
iU
go farrhelt when the pi",e i. wouDled
10
about
~
¡
¡fe.
crees abooe Ibe leve! range.
Mr NortoD obferve" that
•
P-'CES.
L(O(I.
A
8aft
fhootl
60
A
Rahintl,
70
A
Falcaml,
9
0
A
Falcon;
130
Minion ardina"
-
120
Minion lar¡lI,
--
12
5
Sud:,
leo
ji,
- -
I¡O
SRd"
.,dinar"
160
StlcÁt, alJ
fl,l,
- -
163
Demi·culuerint Itafi,
114
Demi;calurrin'e ardinar)',
17
S
D,mi-culuerine aldjorl,
17 8
Culuerine Itafl,
--
180
Culutrine ardina,},
-
181
Culutrint la,¡lI,
--
18,
Demi·cannM le4jl,
-
156
DmJj·cannon
mJin~?,
/61
Demi-cannaTl large,
-
/80
CaRnon.raJal,
-
ISS
P-'CI!.
Ulm.¡i Rando""
600
~oo
9
00
'3
00
/200
12 lO
1500
1600
/6,0
1740
1750
/180
/800
1810
18,0
1¡60
1620
1800
18 5
0
A
24
p.ounder may very well
6"
90
or
100
fhOIS, c'
very day
10
furrimer; at
60
or 75 io "inler. In elfe of
neeeflilY, it may 6re more. And fome Freoch offieers oí
art~Jlery
alfure, that Ihey have eaufed fueh a
pie~
to 6rc
every day r50 fho!! io a fiege.
.
A 16 aod a r2 pounder 6" a little more, beeaafe they
are eaGer ferved. There bave eveo been
f6m~
oecafioDS,
where
200
Ibols have been 6red from tbefe pieees, id
the fpaee of nine hou". aod
138
in tbe fpace of 6ve.
To range piectS in a baltery, take care to reeonoilre
",ell
t~e
ground where it is to be placed, and Ibe road
to eonvey it, in lite night lime, tbe cannon and Ibe mu·
nilions.
Thepieces mu(l be armed, eaeh with 111'0 lantems, or la–
dles, a rammer, a fpunge, and IWO priming.irons. Tbc
battery mul! alfo be pro,ided wilb earriages, aDd olher
implemenls, nceelfary lO remouot tbe pieces wbich th.
enemy fhould ehanee to difmouot.
To ferve expeJitiouOy and fafeJy a pieee in ballery,
it
is neeelfary lO have lO eaeb a faek of lealher, large e·
nough lO
eont.inabout twenly pounds of powder loeharge
the laorerns or Iadles, without carrying Ihem tO Ihe ma–
gazine
j
and to avoid thereby making thofe trains of
powder in bringing baek the lanlern froOl the magazine,
and Ihe aceidenls which frequently happeo tbercby.
A battery of , pieees mul! b..e
,o
gabions, becanfe
fix are eOlployed on caeh of Ihe til'Ofid.s or epaulmenls,
which OlakeIwelre, and nine fJr eaeh of Ihe tWO merlons,
TIme ought lO be IWOgunners and úx foldiers to
u eh piece, aod (ou r ollieers of artillery.
The gunner, poned on the right 'of Ihe pieee, mu(l
t~ke
rare to
har~ al~'ays
a poueh full of powd<r, and IWO
priDlillg-iroDI ; his offiee is lO prime tbe pim, and 10a,1
ÍI