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'G o L
~yngcneíia polj'gamia fllperOua cI~rs. T hc recept.e1e
IS nakrJ; the pappus is plumofe; and the c,lix is im·
bricated. There are 4t fp:cies, five of them natives
of Britain, viz. the dioicum, mountain cudweed, or
cat's foot; th~ margaritaeeum, or American eudwced ;
Ihe luteo·album, or Jerfey cudweed; the fylvatieum,
or uprighl cudIVecd; ami the uliginofunl, or bldek–
headed eudweed.
GNAT, in zoology. See !\IUSCA.
GNESNA , the capital eity of great Poland, filuated
one hundred and ten miles well of Warfaw : E. long.
18°, and N.lat. 53°.
Ir is the fee of an archbilhop, who is alIVays pri–
mate ef Poland. See POLAND.
GN.IOIA, in bonny, a genus of the oélandria monogy–
Dla clafl. The ealix is funnel fllaped, and eonfiJls of
four fegments; the pmls are four, and ioferted inlo
Ihe ealix; and Ihe berry eontains bUI one feed. There
are Ihree fpeeies, none of them natires of Britain.
GNOMON, io dialling. the Oyle, pin, or coek of a
dial; which, by ils /hadoIV, /hews Ihe hour of Ihe
day. See DIALL'NG.
GNOMON, in aflronomr. a Oyle ereéled perpendicular to
Ihe horizon, in order 10 find the altitude of the fun.
GNOMON of agloór, theiodex of the hour·eirele. See
GSOGRA·PHV.
GNOMONICS, Ihe art of dialling. See D'ALL'NG.
GNOSTICS, in ehurch-hiOory, ChriOian hereties fo
called, it being a flame whieh almoJl .11 Ihe aneienl
herelies affeéled .10 lake, to exprefs that new knowledge
aod extraordinary Iighl to whieh they made prelen–
/ionsi the word gnoOiefignifyiog alearoed or enlighten–
ed perfon.
G~A, ~ eity.and fea.pon of the hilher India, filumd
10 an ·,fland of the river Mandou., and (ubjetl to Ihe
Ponuguefe: E. Ion. 73°20', and N. lal. 15° 20:.
GOAT, in zoology. See .
COAT'S REARD, in See TRAGOPOGON .
Gou's aU'E, in botaoy. See GHEGA.
GOAT' in ornithology. See CAPRIMULGUS.
GOBIVS, in iehthyology, a genlls of filhes beloogiog
10 Ihe order of Ihoraeiei. They have tIVO holes be–
t~eeo the eyes, fouy uys ·in the membrane of tbe
gdls ; and 1he belly.6ns are uniled in ao oval formo
There are eighl fpeeies, prineipally diOinguilhed by
Ihe number of rays in dleir ·6ns.
GOD , one of the many Dames of the Supreme Being.
See RELIG'ON.
GODDESS, a healhen deilY of the female fex.
The ancien,s had almoO as many goddelfes as gods;
fueh were Juno, Ihe goddef, of air; Diana, th, god o
defs of "'oods, &e And undet this cham'ler were re·
pre~enled Ihe vinues, graces, and principal advan,age.
of I,fe; Truth, }uf!iee, Piet,V, Libeny, Fonuoe, Villo·
TY, Ce
Ir was the peculiar privilege of the godaelfe, to be
repre(enl,d naked on medals ; for it was fuppo(ed that
the imagination mufl be awed and reJlrained by the
confideralion o( tt,e di.ioe eharatla.
COLCONDA, the capital of a proviD<:e of !he fame
GOL
n,lIl1e in the hi,her India: E. long. 7)0, and N. I.r.
lÓ· •
GOLD. Sce CHEM,sTRV , p. 78, and 129.
GOLO'\~'RE, a ~ylindneal ingot of fil,ver, fuper6eially
gilt, or cOI'ered with gull! at lhe 6re, and 'd,er",artU
dhlVn fuecdlivdy lhrough a great number of Illde,
round holes , of a wire·drawing iron, eaeh Icfs than
theo,her, lill it be fomttimes no bigger than a ha,r of
Ihe head.
lt may be ohferved, lhat before the wire be redueed
lO this ex~eflive 6nenefs, it il drawn through abov. an
huncH-ed and fony diIFereot holes; alld dw eaeh time
Ihey draIV il, it is rubbed aI'relh Ofer with ne'" \Va,
both lO faeilitate in , aod to prevenl Ihe úlver's
appearing through ir.
GOLO'W'RE fI-lId. is the former wire flmed betiveeo
two rolJers of polilhed Oee!, to fit it to be fpun 00 a
Oick, or lO be ured flat, as it il, wilhoul fpinOl"g. in
cenaio fiuffs. laces, embroideriC!, Oc. See STurr,
Ce. .
GOLD' TH lEAO , or SPUN'GOLO, is aflmtd gold, IVrap'
ped or laid over a thread of filk, by t\lliOing it witb a
wheel and iron bobbio,.
Monnrr ofjorming GOLO-\IIllE, alld GOLO' TH HAO,
óo,h ,ound ond lal. Firf!, an ingot of filver, of Iweo–
Iy.four pounds, is forged inlo a eylinder, of aboul ao
inch in diameter: Ihen it is drawn through eight or len
holes, of a large, eoarfe, wire·draIVing iron, both to
6n11h Ibe roundoe(s, aod 10 reduce it to about three
founhs of its former diammr. This done, they file
il very carefully aJl over, to take off aoy 6ltb remaio·
ing on Ihe forge; Ihen Ihey CUI il io tbe middle; and
Ihus make two equal iogots thereof,. eaeh about t",eo'
Iy fix inehes loog, whieh Ihey draw Ihrough feveral new
holes, to take off aoy ioequalilies the 61e may have
lefl, and to render il as fmooth aod eqllable as poflible.
The iogot Ihus far prepared, ,bey heat it in a char–
coal 6re; then taking fome gold leaves, each. abouI
four inche! fquare, and weighing Iwel.e grains, they
joi~ four, eighl, twel.e, or fixteen of tbefe, as the
",ire is intended to be more or lefs gilt; and wheo Ihey
are fo joined, as only 10 fo,m a fingle leaf. they rub
Ihe ingots reeking hot with a burnifher. Thefe Imes
being thus prepared. Ihey apply om Ihe whole furface
of the ingol, 10 the number of fix, over CAeh otber,
burni!hing or rubbing them weJl down with ,he blood·
lIooe, tO clofe and fmoOlhe them. When gill, thein–
gOts are laid ¡ne'" in a eoal 6re; and IVheo raifed tO a
cerrain degree of heal, they go o'er theJII a fecond
time wilh lhe blood·flone, bOlh to folder the gold mure
perftélly. and tO 6nilh lhe poli.lhing .. Th~ gilding 6·
ni!hed, it rema,ns to draw the ,ngot ,nto wlre.
In order tO this, lhey pafs it through tweoty holes
of a moderale drawine iron, by whieh it i, hrought 10
Ihe Ihicknefs of the rag of a lace: from this lime the
ingot lofes ils name, and commences gold.wire. Tllleo·
ty holes more of a Iclfer iron leaves it ,no"gh for
the leal! iron; lhe finef! holes, of whiehl.,fI fearee ex–
ceeding the hair of ,he head, finilh lhe "·ork. .
To difpore lhe wir< 10 be fpun on Glk, lhey paf! It
bet~c,