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':Ind P~rGa being ufoally fupplied Wilh boys and young
virgins from this and the neighbouring counlry uf
Geol :~ia.
CIRCE lSIAN CAMf. S, a general telm under whieh
was eomprehcndcd all comuatS exhibited in lh¡ Roman
eireus, in imimion of lhe Olymple gamcs in G rte~e.
Moll of lhe fearIs of the Romans were aceompnicd
Wilh CireenGan games; and lhe magillralts, and olher
oRicers of Ihe republie, frequently prcfenlcd lhe
people with lhem, in order 10 procure their fal'our.
The grand games ",ere held five d.t~'s, eommencing
on lhe 151h of Seplember. There \\'ere r,x kinds of
gdmes exhibiled: the fira IVas wrealing, anJ fighli ng
lI'ilh fIVords, Wilh aaves, and \Vilh pikes; lhe feeond
II'lS raeing; Ihe third, leaping; lhe fúurth, qUOilS,
arrows, and cenus; all which were on foct; the fifth
w.s horfe.eourGng: lhe Gxth eourfes of chariots.
CIR CIA, in ornithology, a fpeeies of anas, ealleJ in
cnglilh the fummer.teal. and all over of a duO;y yel.
lowifh brolVn, with blaek feel.
CIRCINALIS, in bOlan), a name ufed by fome for a·
dianlum, m.iden.hair. See AO lHTUM.
CIRe LE, in geometry, apl.lne figure eomprehendred by
a fi"gle curve line, ealled ilS eireum(erenee, 10 which
ri~llt lines drawn from a poinl lO the midJle, C'nlled
the centre, are equal te other. To find tht a·
rea ora eirele, fee PU CT ICAL GEOMETRY.
CIR CLE S .flh, fphm. See GEOC RA PH Y aod A·
STRONOMY.
'C, RCLE S of '. Iílui/r, See GEOGRAPHY,
Clk CLF.S of 10llgiludt. See GEOGRAPHY.
HorOfy C,ReLES, in dialling, are the Iines whieh Ibew
the hours on dials, though lhefe be not drawn eireu.
lar, bttt ne.r1y areight. See D,ALL,NG.
Horar) CIRCLE, on the globe. SeeGEOGRAPHY.
Polar C,ReLE. Seo GEOGR APHY.
'CIRCLE, iD logic, or '.gica! ClRCLE, is \Vhen the
fame t~rms are pro\ed in orb,", by the fame terms;
and the parts of the fyllogifOl alternately by eaeh other,
both direétly and indirea ly.
C, RCLES .( lA, tlnp¡", fuch provinees and principAli.
ties of lhe German empile as ha\'e a right to be pre·
fent at dicts. Maximilian 1. divided the empire ioto
1ix, and fomeyears after ioto ten eircb This I.a di·
"iGon \Vas eonfirmed by Chades V. The eireles. as
lhey llolnd iD the Imperi.1Malricola, are as fOI\OIV~,
Aunri?, Burgundy, the Lower Rhine, Bal'aria, Up.
perSaxony, Franconia, Swabia, Upper Rhioe, Wea·
phali. , anu the Lower Saxooy.
CIRCOLO l\!EZZO~ in the Italian mufie, denoles a
diminmioo of four quavers or femiquavers, \Vhich re·
prefent a femieirele, proeeeding by eonjoinl degrees.
CI RCUIT, in laIV, fignifies a longer courfe of proeeed.
ings than is needful to reeover the lhing fued foro
CI ReuIT, airo fignifies lhejourney, or progrefs, IVhieh the
jndgemke twiee every year, lhrough the feveral COll~·
lies of England and Wales, to hold eourts and admini·
flerjuniee, where recourfe cannOl be h~d 10 lheking's
eourtS at Wenminllcr: henee England is divided iDtO
lix óireuits, viz. tbe Home circuit, Norfolk cireuit,
Midl. nu eireuit, O::ford eireuil, Wellcrn cireuit, and
NOJlhernci reuil.
In there are but two ciceuils, North and
South Wales: tViOjudg"s are alii¡;neJ by the king's
conlndfiun to evrry eireuil.
CIRCUIT ,'ourl, inSeots laIV, thejudge~ oflhe fupreme
criminal eou rt, or eourt of juaieidfY, are ciivided ioto
time eoul ts, eonGaing of tIVO judges eaeh;
and the kingrlom in10 as rlillriéls . In eemio .
boroughs of el'ery dillria, e,ch of lhef~ eOurlSby ro·
mion are obliged tO hui,! lWO eoum in the year, in
fpring . nd amumn; which are ealledeireuit eouns. See
SeoTs LAw, Of Ih: fvp,.,m, j/liga and c.url! of
S(~I/.nd.
CIRCULAR, in a general fenre, any thing lhat is de·
feribed or moved in a roond, as lhe cireumferenee of
a ,¡rcle, or furfJee of a globe.
e, ReULAR NUMnrR S, ealled alfo fph erieaJ ones, ae·
COI ding tOfome, are fueh whofe powers terminate in
lhe roots themfeh·es.
Thus, fol' inllanee, 5 and 6, all whofe powers do
end in 5 'nd 6, as lhe fquare of 5 is 25, lhe fquare
of 6 is ~6, &c.
CIR CI' L A~ S.AILING is the method of f.iling by the
. areh oí.1 great lilcle. S"e .\VICATIOW.
CIRCLlL:\TION, the aa of moving round, or in a
eilele : lhus we fay, lhe cileulation of lhe blood,
&c.
C' RCU LA1'18N of Ih, bl..d, the n.Jlural mOlion oflhe
blood in a living animal, whereby th~t fluid is alter·
nmly earried (rom Ihe hean :010 all pans of lhe bo·
dy, by the arteries, from \\ hcnee it is brought baek
10 lhe hean agalO by lhe vein~.
This mOlion is ehiefly e.ufed by lhe the dilat.lion
and eontraaion of lhis organ, aud is l~e prioeiple 00
which life depends ; for when it ceafes '" any part, it
dles; when it is diOlioifhed, lhe opemion$ are weak;
anrl, when it ceafes 10lally, l:re is eXlinguilhed.
AIJ ¡he veins difeharge themfelves inlo the veotricles
of lhe heart; tlOOl h'nre all the arteries arife: lhe
bloml expelltd Ollt of lhe right vlotricle mua be caro
ri¡d, thr0ugh lh~ pulOlonary artery, ioto the lungs ;
f,om whieh it mull be returntd, by the pulmonary
vlins, t~ lhe left vln!riele; fromlhe lert veotriele lhe
blood, thas 'm~orted, is by lhe eonari,'lJon of lhat
part, ag.'1 exp.i ed iroto th.: aorta, anel by it di!lribu·
ted .11 ov~r lhe r" ¡¡ of the b0dy, and theoee is return·
ed a~ain 10 th~ right ventricle by theColva, whichcom·
pletes the eir~lllalion.
This eircul. ti·Jn beeomes .aua!ly vifible, with the
allinanee of a mlerofcope, efpeeialJyin filb, flogs, 6c.
wherein lhe inofeulalion, or ur,ion of the eXlremilics
of lhe artrries \Vilh lhore of lhe veins, tog(ther Wilh
the globllles of lhe blood flowiog from the one iOlO
the plher, 01. )' be pldinly feen.
The auricles of the hean beiog I.rge hollolV muf·
cles, fu rnilbed Wilh a double feries of .Ilrong fihres,
proceeding IVilh a eonlrary direélion 10 lhe oppofile
tendons, the one adhel log 10 the right ventricle, the
other tO t.~e finus ,cnofus; as alfo IV.ith innumerable
. eins