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hy liule ~oJ liule io M iroo p~o over Ih~ fire, nirrina
Ih~ mixlure (romlime 10 liole. Theo he add~ h.l( a
pounJ o( charco. I d"II, and cvarorms Ihe OUller, kepl
conuou,lIy nitrioC, lilllhe whole be broUrhl lO~ bl.lek
rowuer. He oexl dinills Ihe mixlure io ~ gl.l(s rIIOrt
wilh degrm o( fire, whieh he rdifes IOIVnrds Ihe cnd ro
as 10 make Ihe retOrl ..d.hol, io order 10 expcl ~II
Ih. orinous rpiril, ruperAuous oil, ~ nd arnmooiml fah.
The dillilla.ioo being linilhed, Ihere rtmains no hing in
Ihe mOr! bUI a very rriahle cu/,ul 1n.,'~UI/I.
ThlS remainder he pulverrles acarn, and .hrows a
pioeh of it on I"'e eo.lls tO direover whelher or no Ihe
m~uer be riglnly I'repmd ror yieldrng phofphorus.
Ir 11 be fo, il prefently mi.s an arr,nieal odour, ~od a
blu. undulatiog flame, IVhreh p,rfl'(s over Ihe fur(aee o(
the eo.l, Ir~e a wa,·c.
Ilcillg thus afl'ured o( the fuced, or hi. opemioo, he
rUII ooe half of his mlller, in time cqu~1 IarlS, rOlO
three fioall eanhen Cerman relOm, "pdble or holding
about'eighleen ounees of waler a·rieee. Thefe three
relOIlS, noo" of whieh is above th r<e ~uarlers full, he
pl~ces rogelher in onc reverbcralol y furnaee, bllih mueh
like Ihofe we have dererrbed, e~ecpl Ihnl il i, 1'0 con·
Oruaed ., 10 hold Ihe duce relom Mpol;'d in one lioc.
To "3ch retort he lum a reerplcot fomethio~ mure th~o
half fnll of wmr, orderin~ the whole in ruch J O1anOff,
Ihn Ihe nofes or bis morts ,Imoll toueh the fur(aee of
the IVoter.
He begins the dini llation with warmiog Ihe relom
nOIVly, (or aboul In hour, by a geotle WheDthal
time il el.lpf.d he raifes Ihe fire gr¡dually, fo that io
halr an hOllr more the eoals begin to loueh the bo.toms
of the retOr ti. He eontloues throwing eo " into Ihe
by liule ~od little, till Ihey nfe half way the
heighl 01 Ih" relOm; ¡nd ro IhlS he e01ploys aoolher
hour. Lallly, in Ihe neXI half hour he ..ifes the
eo.I, ~bove the howels (lf Ihe rClorlS.
T hen Ihe pbofphorus begina 10 afefod in elouds: on
thi, he inilmly ioercAf.s Ihe hcal of Ihe 6re as mueh
al poflihle, fill ing I"e {ur{aee quile up wllh eoals, and
olA~Ing Ihe relOm very red. Thll dcgree of file e¡uf"
the phufrhorul 10 dillrll in dropl whieh f,lIlo Ihe bOlloO!
of Ihe wmr. He keel" IIp thl$ imeofe heAI for an
!tour Aod half, al Ihe end of whkh Ihe opemion i, fioirh·
ed; {u Ihal il l. n, bUI four houlS .I1IJ a half in ,11: ID
Ihe {¡me m.nncr he dillllh Ihe fceollJ tnoi Iy of hll
mI. lure io Ihrec olher fueh mom.
He punfies anu OloulJ, hrs 1hufrhorus mueh io Ihe
f¡nl< o"r,o~r;a I Hdloc do~s. FruOl Ihe qu Inllly of
inar~rlrcnlS .~o'e.o!enlloncd , he olmlns tu o ouneel and
, h Ir line erya.lhoe moulded pho{phorul.
The .cId o{ phofrhnrul feeOlI to be om e r.xed Ib.n
In OIhel: . nd Il,eldore if )"Uwould fcp"lIC It by
urOln~ froOl thc r"logllloo u IIh " hleh " II unurd,
there " 00 occ~ (ur (ueh no ' rr" . IUS o{" f1'ds
, 11 emplo)'ul f~r o~llInr,;¡ the {PIlU 'lf f"lp""r hr
th" ~CI\I IIIII "nl¡;n '1 Ih~ bOIlOO! o Ihe ,dld In whieh
\jU hur,! ollr phol!,hrul: indud, if 11 he ur;¡ed by d,e
{urce oC file,lls moll r.1~lIle r" t c' apowcs, Qod Ihe rc·
,'• .r ' In Ihe {OIOl of a ' urilied mme'.
11111 ~Qd etTm<fcts "'ub fi ,..¡ ,oel IIIrl k.lli"
s T R y,
and Ihmwilh forOlS oeutral fah,; bilt vcry difl'ereol
from fea.falt , and (romfal ammooiae. Thal whieh has
a fixerl ,Iblt for ils b:lfi, doel 001 crackle wheo thrOIVO
on buroing eoals; bUI fwdls and vilrifies like borax.
Thal whieh has a volalilc albli for ils bafi, rhOOts inlo
loog poinled er)'fl.tls; aod, beiog ur~ed by 6re io a ,c-
10rt, lell Ca ill volatile alkali, a vitrified maller re–
oldiOlng bdllnd.
We rh.IUeooelude Ihis aniele wilh lOaeeounl of eer·
raio propcr!ies of phofporus whieh have nOI )'el beco
menlioned.
Phofphorus difl'olm by Iyin~ cxpofed to Ihe airo
Whal waler CdnnOI e/fea, f~ys M. Hellol, or at lean
requires eight or len years 10 briog aboul, the moinure
of the ¡ir aceomrliOles in ten o, twd.e da)'s; whelher it
be'lhal Ihe pholphorus lakes 6re in the air, and Ihe in~
flammable pHI evapoming, almoll <olirely, lcaves Ihe
aeid of Ihe phorphorul oakerl, whieh like all olher aeids,
",henexeeedin~ly enoeentraled, is very greedy of OIoi.
nure; M elfc Ih~1 tite moillure of Ihe air, beiog waler
divided iOlo iolinilcly hne partieles. is fo fubtile a, to hnel
its way Ihrollsh Ihe pores of Ihe I'hofphorus, iolO whieh
Ihe &rontr Imueles uf eommoo walC, can by no meaDS
ior.ouale Ihemfdves.
Phofphorus hmed by Ihe vieinilY of fire, or by being
any way,ubbcd, foon I. kcs fi re anel buros 6erecly. It
is folu ble in all oils, and in :flher, giviog 10 Ihofe liquors
the propclly of appcariog luminous, wheoIhe bUllle con'
taioios Ihe folulioo is opcoed. Beinó boiled in Wal<r, il
likewife eomOluoic:ucs Iherelo Ihis luminous qualilY.
T he lale Mr Grofl'e obfcrfcd, Ihat phofphorus beiog
difl'olvc~ io efl'cntial oils erynallifes Ihmin. Thefe e,y–
n.lls la e firc in the atr, ellh<r wh.n Ihrown tnlO ad,y
\'efl'c1, or wrapl up io a pim of papero If Ihey be di~ped in fpint 01' wioe, and I,ken OUI Immedim ly, Ihey do
nOI aflerll'ards uke fire in Ihe air: Ihey fOloke a linle,
aod for a vcry rhOrt lime, bUl hardly \Valle al all.
T hougb fome of Ihem were lefl in a fpooo fo, a fon–
oi~hl, Ihey diJ 001feem to have Ion any thiog of Ih(it
bulk: but wheo Ihe fpoon IVas warmed a lillle Ihe)' 1001:
, jull like eom01on phofphorus that had never be.u
difl'oh cd '0 j eryn~lIifed in ~o cOt ntial oil.
M. Marggnfl', haviog pUl a dramof phofphorus wilh
ao ouoee o{ hrghly eoocenlr.ned (pint of oure inlO a gl,fs
mort, obfen "tI, Ih.u, wllhoUI Ihe help of 6re, IheaelJ
ddrolvcd Ihe phofphorlls ; Ihal part of Ihe aeid came ove,
iOlo Ihe reeipieol lYhreh U'JS IUled 10 Ihe retOrt; thal al
Ihe fame lime Ihe phofphurus IOI.k fire, hU"'1funollOy,
and ~ur'l Ih vcirds wnh e)ploli,o. othiog uf Ihis
k 00 hlp!,cns \Vhen .Ioy of Ihe olher aeids, IhJugh "'o·
c~nlt.leJ, are •pplted lu phorl'horus.
r. ""(DI' S"r¡ JIt 6, tI/ _1!/ .rIle Jlrt,i.!ir Acill.
(;'. 116,,'/ Soll. r~t Jlu"J"_"'" illIJ C"" ,nt'JI,,,,
'iS/,II rl .¡S.I,.
PI'T Ihe fel·f.h froOl whieh you Olu n lo e m (l Ih~
aCld tnl'l an uoglolZed e""hen pipklo, a",1 fel 11 .nll,11I
Irve eo.l. Th. (.h will d:crerlw<, gruVo drl' and ''''1
iOlo ' powdcr. l'ul Ihis dee, pltaled lah in10 a lubu.
1.led I. f, reton, luvioS I" U Ihuds thefll't' <olrly.
SlI Ihe ,"un In r<l ,berauos furD' e< j apply a re·
Ctltcr